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     <title>RAND: Chloe E. Bird</title>
     <link rel="self" href="http://www.rand.org/about/people/b/bird_chloe_e.xml"/>
     <updated>2012-05-15T22:46:42Z</updated>
     <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" hreflang="en" href="http://www.rand.org/about/people/b/bird_chloe_e.html" />
     <rights>Copyright (c) 2012, The RAND Corporation</rights>
     <author>
       <name>RAND Corporation</name>
     </author>
     <id>http://www.rand.org/about/people/b/bird_chloe_e.html</id>
	 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">The Societal Promise of Improving Care for Depression: Nine Years Out</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9055-1.html</id>
   <published>2008-11-19T19:21:00Z</published>
   <updated>2008-11-19T19:21:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">This research highlight updates the cumulative effects of a study of a collaborative care-based quality-improvement treatment program for depression after nine years.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9055-1.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">How Are Residency Programs Preparing Our 21st Century Internists?: A Review of Internal Medicine Residency Programs&apos; Teaching on Selected Topics</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/working_papers/WR686.html</id>
   <published>2009-08-03T10:43:00Z</published>
   <updated>2009-08-03T10:43:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Presents the results of interviews with internal medicine program directors about how they are preparing physicians-in-training to practice within the current health care delivery system.
</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/working_papers/WR686.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Differences in Medicare Expenditures During the Last 3 Years of Life</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/reprints/RP1109.html</id>
   <published>2004-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2004-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">While health care spending on minorities, poor people, and men is oftenlower than spending on whites, higher-income people, and women, the spendinggap narrows or disappears in the last year of life for Medicare patients.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/reprints/RP1109.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/news/press/2004/03/03.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">The Association of Partner Abuse with Risky Sexual Behaviors Among Women and Men with HIV/AIDS</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/reprints/RP1276.html</id>
   <published>2005-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2005-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Assesses whether women, heterosexual men, and gay/bisexual men with HIV who experienced or perpetrated abuse within a close relationship were likely to engage in unprotected intercourse with that same partner.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/reprints/RP1276.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="AIDS and Behavior web site" href="http://www.springerlink.com/content/104828" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Neighborhood Effects on Health</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP201000150.html</id>
   <published>2010-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2010-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Individuals with more education benefit from living in highly educated neighborhoods to a greater degree than individuals with lower levels of education.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP201000150.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Does Place Explain Racial Health Disparities?</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20081003.html</id>
   <published>2008-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2008-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Estimates place effects on racial health disparities. Controlling for a single point-in-time measure of residential context results in a 15-76% reduction of black/white disparities in self-rated health not accounted for by individual-level controls.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20081003.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.sciencedirect.com" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Age and Gender Differences in Medicare Expenditures and Service Utilization at the End of Life for Lung Cancer Decedents</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20080510.html</id>
   <published>2008-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2008-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Gender disparities in expenditures are generally small at the end of life for lung cancer decedents. The bigger observed differences are by age. Higher expenditures for women on social-supportive services may reflect fewer informal supports.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20080510.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Challenges for Multilevel Health Disparities Research in a Transdisciplinary Environment</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20080804.html</id>
   <published>2008-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2008-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">This paper reports on health disparities research as a multilevel research domain from the perspective of a large national initiative.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20080804.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/07493797" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Biomarkers of Psychological Stress in Health Disparities Research</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20080914.html</id>
   <published>2008-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2008-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">A number of biomarkers have been shown to be affected by psychological stress, including allostatic load. Biomarkers can help characterize and quantify the biological impact of psychological stress on the etiology of health disparities.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20080914.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">How a Therapy-Based Quality Improvement Intervention for Depression Affected Life Events and Psychological Well-Being Over Time</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20080109.html</id>
   <published>2008-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2008-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Short-term quality improvement (QI) interventions for depression can improve long-term mental health but mechanisms are unknown.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20080109.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.lww-medicalcare.com/pt/re/medcare/abstract.00005650-200801000-00012.htm;jsessionid=HqjVyQYNYTNdTL3FvV0nyJpxzztFtYyQlLM8lH24Y7WhCMGcQ77D!-1108188142!181195628!8091!-1" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Career Paths in Diagnostic Radiology</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20011110.html</id>
   <published>2001-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2001-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">The motivation for working part-time differed significantly according to gender and age.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20011110.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Gender, Time Use, and Health</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP19910601.html</id>
   <published>1991-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>1991-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">When gender differences in social roles are controlled, being male is associated with poorer health than being female. If gender roles were more equal, women would experience better health than men, more consistent with their greater longevity.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP19910601.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Integrating Sociological and Biological Models</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP19990609.html</id>
   <published>1999-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>1999-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Social and biological assumptions about health shape research and affect the development and application of knowledge.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP19990609.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Sociological Explanations of Gender Differences in Mental and Physical Health</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20000015.html</id>
   <published>2000-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2000-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">This book represents the status of medical sociology at the millennium.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20000015.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://people.brandeis.edu/~conrad/chapters/chap7/chap7summary.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Medical Sociology at the Millennium</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20000013.html</id>
   <published>2000-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2000-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">This book represents the status of medical sociology at the millennium.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20000013.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://people.brandeis.edu/~conrad/contents.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Social and Psychological Factors, Physiological Processes, and Physical Health</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20000008.html</id>
   <published>2000-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2000-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Authors consider evidence from a variety of other disciplines about one possible pathway-physiological links between psychosocial processes and health</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20000008.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://people.brandeis.edu/~conrad/chapters/chap23/chap23summary.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Differential Diffusion of HIV Technologies By Gender</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20070619.html</id>
   <published>2007-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2007-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">The authors sought to examine whether diffusion of new HIV technologies differed by gender in the United States.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20070619.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.liebertonline.com/doi/abs/10.1089/apc.2006.0061" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Use of Geocoding in Managed Care Settings to Identify Quality Disparities</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20050308.html</id>
   <published>2005-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2005-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Tracking quality-of-care measures is essential for improving care, particularly for vulnerable populations.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20050308.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://content.healthaffairs.org/cgi/content/full/24/2/516?maxtoshow=&amp;HITS=10&amp;hits=10&amp;RESULTFORMAT=&amp;andorexactfulltext=and&amp;searchid=1&amp;FIRSTINDEX=0&amp;firstpage=516&amp;resourcetype=HWCIT" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">The Associations of Gender, Sexual Identity and Competing Needs with Healthcare Utilization Among People with HIV/AIDS</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20070427.html</id>
   <published>2007-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2007-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Studies report gender differences in medical service utilization among persons with HIV, although most compare women to heterogeneous groups of men.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20070427.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.nmanet.org/index.php/Publications_Sub/jnma" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Does Quality of Care for Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes Differ By Gender for Enrollees in Managed Care Plans?</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20070523.html</id>
   <published>2007-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2007-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">PURPOSE: To assess gender differences in the quality of care for cardiovascular disease and diabetes for enrollees in managed care plans.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20070523.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.jiwh.org/content.cfm?sectionID=170&amp;detail=55" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/news/press/2007/05/14.html" />
 </entry>
 
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