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     <title>RAND: Lynn A. Karoly</title>
     <link rel="self" href="http://www.rand.org/about/people/k/karoly_lynn_a.xml"/>
     <updated>2012-05-10T18:02:47Z</updated>
     <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" hreflang="en" href="http://www.rand.org/about/people/k/karoly_lynn_a.html" />
     <rights>Copyright (c) 2012, The RAND Corporation</rights>
     <author>
       <name>RAND Corporation</name>
     </author>
     <id>http://www.rand.org/about/people/k/karoly_lynn_a.html</id>
	 
 <entry>
   <title type="html"> Benefits of Preschool Come with Every Dollar</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/commentary/2006/04/26/LAT.html</id>
   <published>2006-04-26T12:00:01Z</published>
   <updated>2006-04-26T12:00:01Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Published commentary by RAND staff:  Benefits of Preschool Come with Every Dollar, in the Los Angeles Times.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/commentary/2006/04/26/LAT.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">The Trend in Inequality Among Families, Individuals, and Workers in the United States: A Twenty-Five-Year Perspective</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/reports/R4206.html</id>
   <published>1992-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>1992-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Analyzes changes in the distribution of income in the United States over the last 25 years.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/reports/R4206.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Educational Matchmaking: Academic and Vocational Tracking in Comprehensive High Schools</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/reports/R4189.html</id>
   <published>1992-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>1992-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Reports the results of a study that compared three urban comprehensive senior high schools to better understand the rationale and processes that underlie schools&apos; course offerings and students&apos; coursetaking.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/reports/R4189.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB8001.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">The Economics of Early Childhood Policy: What the Dismal Science Has to Say About Investing in Children</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/occasional_papers/OP227.html</id>
   <published>2008-05-06T08:45:00Z</published>
   <updated>2008-05-06T08:45:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">This paper describes how insights from the field of economics -- primarily human capital theory and monetary payoffs -- provide science-based guidance for early childhood policy.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/occasional_papers/OP227.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/news/press/2008/05/12.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9352.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">The 21st Century at Work: Forces Shaping the Future Workforce and Workplace in the United States</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG164.html</id>
   <published>2004-05-01T16:17:00Z</published>
   <updated>2004-05-01T16:17:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Looks at the likely evolution of the U.S. workforce and workplace over the next 10 to 15 years, focusing on demographics, technology, and globalization.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG164.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/news/press/2004/02/17.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB5070.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">The Economics of Investing in Universal Preschool Education in California</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG349.html</id>
   <published>2005-03-28T06:58:00Z</published>
   <updated>2005-03-28T06:58:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Increased interest in California and other states in providing universal access to publicly funded preschool education is behind this study&amp;rsquo;s aims to analyze the economic returns from investing in high-quality preschool education in California.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG349.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/news/press/2005/03/30.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG349z1.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9118.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9164z1.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9164z2.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9164z3.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9164z4.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9164z5.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9164z6.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9164z7.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9164z8.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Early Childhood Interventions: Proven Results, Future Promise</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG341.html</id>
   <published>2005-10-18T15:47:00Z</published>
   <updated>2005-10-18T15:47:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Presents a review and synthesis of current research that addresses the potential for various forms of early childhood intervention to improve outcomes for participating children and their families.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG341.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/news/press/2006/01/12.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9144.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9145.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9427.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">The Economics of Investing in Universal Preschool Education in California: Executive Summary</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG349z1.html</id>
   <published>2005-03-28T06:58:00Z</published>
   <updated>2005-03-28T06:58:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Increased interest in California and other states in providing universal access to publicly funded preschool education is behind this study&apos;s aims to analyze the economic returns from investing in high-quality preschool education in California.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG349z1.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/news/press/2005/03/30.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG349.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9118.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Early Care and Education in the Golden State: Publicly Funded Programs Serving California&apos;s Preschool-Age Children</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR538.html</id>
   <published>2007-10-26T22:39:00Z</published>
   <updated>2007-10-26T22:39:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Provides a comprehensive assessment of publicly funded early care and education programs for preschool-age children in California as a whole, and in four case-study counties: Los Angles, Merced, San Diego, and San Mateo.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR538.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/news/press/2007/11/08.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9307.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR537.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR539.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG889.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">County-Level Estimates of the Effects of a Universal Preschool Program in California</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR340.html</id>
   <published>2005-12-09T09:22:00Z</published>
   <updated>2005-12-09T09:22:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Estimates of the effects of a high-quality, one-year, universal preschool program in selected California counties and groups of counties.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR340.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/news/press/2005/12/15.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9164z1.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9164z2.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9164z3.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9164z4.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9164z5.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9164z6.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9164z7.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9164z8.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG349.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Prepared to Learn: The Nature and Quality of Early Care and Education for Preschool-Age Children in California</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR539.html</id>
   <published>2008-06-07T16:42:00Z</published>
   <updated>2008-06-07T16:42:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">This report examines the use and quality of early care and education programs for preschool-age children in California and differences across socioeconomic and demographic groups. There is room for improvement in both quality and participation.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR539.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/news/press/2008/06/18/index1.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9358.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR537.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR538.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG889.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9427.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Valuing Benefits in Benefit-Cost Studies of Social Programs</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR643.html</id>
   <published>2008-10-27T16:30:00Z</published>
   <updated>2008-10-27T16:30:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">An assessment of the state of the art of measurement and use of estimated economic value -- &quot;shadow prices&quot; -- in benefit-cost analysis (BCA) of social programs, with recommendations for methodological work to advance the use of BCAs in such programs.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR643.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Publicly Funded Early Care and Education Programs for California Preschool-Age Children</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9307.html</id>
   <published>2007-12-12T13:24:00Z</published>
   <updated>2007-12-12T13:24:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">This research brief summarizes a review of the system of subsidized early care and education programs serving preschool-age children in California in order to assess the potential expansion of public funding for preschool education.

  </summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9307.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR538.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Children at Risk: Consequences for School Readiness and Beyond</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9144.html</id>
   <published>2005-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2005-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">This research brief describes work documented in Early Childhood Interventions: Proven Results, Future Promise (MG-341-PNC).</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9144.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG341.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9145.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Effects of Access to Post-Retirement Health Insurance on Retirement Behavior and Insurance Coverage</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB4507-1.html</id>
   <published>1998-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>1998-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">This research brief describes work documented in The Effect of Access to Post-Retirement Health Insurance on the Decision to Retire Early (RP-360); Health Insurance and Labor Market Transitions of Older Workers (DRU-1797); and Health Insurance and Retirement Behavior: Evidence from the Health and Retirement Survey (DRU-1798).</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB4507-1.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/reprints/RP360.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/drafts/DRU1797.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/drafts/DRU1798.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Proven Benefits of Early Childhood Interventions</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9145.html</id>
   <published>2005-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2005-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">This research brief describes work documented in Early Childhood Interventions: Proven Results, Future Promise (MG-341-PNC).</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9145.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG341.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9144.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9427.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">The Costs and Benefits of Universal Preschool in California</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9118.html</id>
   <published>2005-11-25T10:11:00Z</published>
   <updated>2005-11-25T10:11:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">This research brief describes work documented in The Economics of Investing in Universal Preschool Education in California (MG-349-PF).</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9118.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG349.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Analyzing the Costs and Benefits of Early Childhood Interventions</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB5051.html</id>
   <published>2001-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2001-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">As they pay more attention to accountability, funders and implementers of early childhood interventions are becoming more interested in comparing the benefits their programs produce and the costs they incur.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB5051.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monograph_reports/MR1336.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monograph_reports/MR1336z1.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Promoting Effective Preschool Programs</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9427.html</id>
   <published>2009-03-27T17:12:00Z</published>
   <updated>2009-03-27T17:12:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">RAND recommends that policymakers use federal funds to support state efforts to improve preschool quality and access for the most disadvantaged children. The related policy actions will help increase school readiness and close achievement gaps.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9427.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR537.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9306.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR539.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9358.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG341.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9145.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG795.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9377.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Five Key Education Priorities for the Obama Administration" href="http://www.rand.org/education/features/five_key_education_priorities_for_the_obama_administration.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">High School Vocational Education: Low Esteem, Little Clout</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB8001.html</id>
   <published>1992-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>1992-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Many ingrained obstacles must be overcome before proposed educational reforms to integrate academic and vocational curricula can be achieved. Convincing experimental demonstrations of the practicability and desirability of integration are required.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB8001.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/reports/R4189.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/notes/N3041.html" />
 </entry>
 
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