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     <title>RAND: Robert J. Lempert</title>
     <link rel="self" href="http://www.rand.org/about/people/l/lempert_robert_j.xml"/>
     <updated>2013-04-18T15:23:23Z</updated>
     <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" hreflang="en" href="http://www.rand.org/about/people/l/lempert_robert_j.html" />
     <rights>Copyright (c) 2013, The RAND Corporation</rights>
     <author>
       <name>RAND Corporation</name>
     </author>
     <id>http://www.rand.org/about/people/l/lempert_robert_j.html</id>
	 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Redesigning the International Approach to Climate Change</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/commentary/2010/07/01/HP.html</id>
   <published>2010-07-01T14:26:00Z</published>
   <updated>2010-07-01T14:26:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Limiting climate change requires a revolution in the way the global economy generates and consumes energy. It is becoming increasingly clear that the current diplomatic approach should be redesigned to meet this immense political, technical, and social challenge, writes Robert J. Lempert.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/commentary/2010/07/01/HP.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Missed Opportunities in Johannesburg</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/commentary/2002/10/22/UPI.html</id>
   <published>2002-10-22T15:11:00Z</published>
   <updated>2002-10-22T15:11:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Published commentary by RAND staff: Missed Opportunities in Johannesburg in United Press International on October 22, 2002.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/commentary/2002/10/22/UPI.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Comparing Algorithms for Scenario Discovery</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/working_papers/WR557.html</id>
   <published>2008-03-25T20:25:00Z</published>
   <updated>2008-03-25T20:25:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Evaluates alternative algorithms needed to implement a novel task the authors call &apos;&apos;scenario discovery,&apos;&apos; in which users identify concise descriptions of input parameters to a simulation model.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/working_papers/WR557.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Climate Scientists Should Wear Adam Smith Ties</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/commentary/2011/03/30/BGOV.html</id>
   <published>2011-03-30T23:39:00Z</published>
   <updated>2011-03-30T23:39:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">If it were really possible to explain millions of years of Earth data with a theory that doesn&apos;t also imply a recent human influence on the climate, some ambitious, self-interested team of scientists somewhere in the world would seek scientific renown by doing so, writes Robert Lempert.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/commentary/2011/03/30/BGOV.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Planning for Climate Change in the Inland Empire</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20080721.html</id>
   <published>2008-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2008-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Water managers in Southern California, who grapple with how to address climate change in their near-term and long-term plans, are beginning to seek methods for incorporating such changes in their planning processes.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20080721.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.awra.org/impact/" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Computer-assisted Reasoning</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20010315.html</id>
   <published>2001-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2001-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Computer models provide a powerful tool for reasoning about difficult problems.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20010315.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://doi.ieeecomputersociety.org/10.1109/5992.909006" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Finding Transatlantic Common Ground on Climate Change?</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20010412.html</id>
   <published>2001-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2001-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">The US and European Union have reached an impasse over climate change, which threatens both transatlantic relations and the Earth&apos;s environment.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20010412.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.iai.it/SECTIONS_EN/PUBBLICAZIONI/THEINTERNATIONALSPECTATOR/TIS_EN.ASP" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Climate-change Strategy Needs to Be Robust</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20010719.html</id>
   <published>2001-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2001-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Recommendation for use of ensembles of multiple scenarios to capture what is known about the long-term climate future.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20010719.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.nature.com/nature/index.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Adaptive Strategies for Climate Change</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20020019.html</id>
   <published>2002-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2002-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">In this chapter the authors argue for a different approach to climate-change policy and thus a different use for forecasts.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20020019.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.cambridge.org/us/catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=0521807255" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Confronting Surprise</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20021201.html</id>
   <published>2002-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2002-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">RAP methods may offer greater insight into the vulnerabilities inherent in several types of surprises.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20021201.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://hcl.chass.ncsu.edu/sscore/sscore.htm" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Carrots and Sticks for New Technology</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20000044.html</id>
   <published>2000-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2000-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Many governments use technology incentives as an important component of their greenhouse gas abatement strategies.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20000044.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://journals.sfu.ca/int_assess/index.php/iaj" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">A New Decision Sciences for Complex Systems</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20020514.html</id>
   <published>2002-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2002-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Computer-Assisted Reasoning, an approach to decision-making under conditions of uncertainty suited to applying complex systems to policy analysis.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20020514.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.pnas.org/" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">A General, Analytic Method for Generating Robust Strategies and Narrative Scenarios</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20060412.html</id>
   <published>2006-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2006-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">This study identifies robust, adaptive pollution-control strategies to help ensure economic growth and environmental quality for the 21st century.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20060412.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://mansci.pubs.informs.org/" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">A New Analytic Method for Finding Policy-Relevant Scenarios</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/reprints/RP1244.html</id>
   <published>2007-06-19T06:08:00Z</published>
   <updated>2007-06-19T06:08:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Description of a new analytic method, based on robust decisionmaking, that could be applied to water resource management in California and climate change policy questions.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/reprints/RP1244.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">RAND Expert Says Evidence for Climate Change Is Overwhelming</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/commentary/2012/03/08/PALPOST.html</id>
   <published>2012-03-08T15:19:00Z</published>
   <updated>2012-03-08T15:19:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">In case after case, the theory that best fits the data is the one that also leads inexorably to the conclusion that human influence is one of the most important forces currently changing the climate, writes Robert J. Lempert.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/commentary/2012/03/08/PALPOST.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Climate Scenarios that Illuminate Vulnerabilities and Robust Responses</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/working_papers/WR919.html</id>
   <published>2012-03-21T12:45:00Z</published>
   <updated>2012-03-21T12:45:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Summarizes the small evaluative scenario literature that examines how scenarios contribute to effective decision-making and proposes a conceptualization of scenarios that addresses certain challenges.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/working_papers/WR919.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Managing Climate Risks in Developing Countries with Robust Decision Making</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP201100254.html</id>
   <published>2011-01-01T12:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2011-01-01T12:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">The authors present the concept of robust decision making (RDM), which draws on already-existing knowledge of practitioners to choose actions that are viable in both the short- and long-term.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP201100254.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.worldresourcesreport.org/files/wrr/papers/wrr_lempert_and_kalra_uncertainty_.pdf" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Shaping the Future</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20050415.html</id>
   <published>2005-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2005-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Authors have developed an alternative framework focused on flexibility--finding, testing and implementing policies that work no matter what happens.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20050415.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=shaping-the-future" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9186.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Regulating Drug Prices: U.S. Policy Alternatives in a Global Context</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9412.html</id>
   <published>2008-12-11T10:24:00Z</published>
   <updated>2008-12-11T10:24:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Discusses the effects of regulating drug prices in the United States in terms of the trade-off between benefiting the current generation (with lower prices) and benefiting future generations (with greater pharmaceutical innovation).</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9412.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/reprints/RP1380.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/reprints/RP1381.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">U.S. Pharmaceutical Policy in a Global Marketplace</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/reprints/RP1380.html</id>
   <published>2009-01-09T16:41:00Z</published>
   <updated>2009-01-09T16:41:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Investigates the effects on consumers of lowering U.S. pharmaceutical prices under various assumptions and finds that publicly financing price reductions, without affecting manufacturer prices, delivers benefits in virtually all plausible cases.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/reprints/RP1380.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/reprints/RP1381.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9412.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Health Affairs web site" href="http://content.healthaffairs.org" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.28.1.w138" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/news/press/2008/12/16.html" />
 </entry>
 
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