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     <title>RAND: Pierre-Carl Michaud</title>
     <link rel="self" href="http://www.rand.org/about/people/m/michaud_pierre-carl.xml"/>
     <updated>2012-05-10T18:07:30Z</updated>
     <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" hreflang="en" href="http://www.rand.org/about/people/m/michaud_pierre-carl.html" />
     <rights>Copyright (c) 2012, The RAND Corporation</rights>
     <author>
       <name>RAND Corporation</name>
     </author>
     <id>http://www.rand.org/about/people/m/michaud_pierre-carl.html</id>
	 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">An Analysis of the Labor Markets for Anesthesiology</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR688.html</id>
   <published>2010-03-09T10:34:00Z</published>
   <updated>2010-03-09T10:34:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Anesthesiologists and Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists provide most anesthesiology services in the United States. Following survey, demand-based, and econometric analyses, the authors conclude that a national shortage of both is highly likely.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR688.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9541.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Effects of Attrition and Non-Response in the Health and Retirement Study</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/working_papers/WR407.html</id>
   <published>2006-09-12T18:40:00Z</published>
   <updated>2006-09-12T18:40:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Examines the effect of attrition and other forms of non-response on the representativity over time of the Health and Retirement Study sample born in 1931-1941.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/working_papers/WR407.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">How did the Elimination of the Earnings Test above the Normal Retirement Age affect Retirement Expectations?</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/working_papers/WR478.html</id>
   <published>2007-03-22T01:47:00Z</published>
   <updated>2007-03-22T01:47:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Examines the effect of the 2000 repeal of the earnings test above the normal retirement age on retirement expectations of workers, aged 51 to 61 in 1992, who were surveyed in the Health and Retirement Study.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/working_papers/WR478.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Employment Dynamics of Married Women in Europe</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/working_papers/WR273.html</id>
   <published>2005-07-13T06:22:00Z</published>
   <updated>2005-07-13T06:22:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Employment Dynamics of Married Women in Europe</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/working_papers/WR273.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">A Collective Labor Supply Model: Identification and Estimation in the Presence of Externalities By Means of Panel Data</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/working_papers/WR406.html</id>
   <published>2006-09-05T11:30:00Z</published>
   <updated>2006-09-05T11:30:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Examines the labor supply of elderly couples by means of a collectivemodel that is applied to American households using data from the Health andRetirement Study.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/working_papers/WR406.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">The Rise in Obesity Across the Atlantic: An Economic Perspective</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/working_papers/WR586.html</id>
   <published>2008-06-13T17:39:00Z</published>
   <updated>2008-06-13T17:39:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Studies comparable evidence on the patterns and trends in obesity across the Atlantic and analyzes whether there are economic rationales for public intervention to control obesity.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/working_papers/WR586.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Entrepreneurship, Wealth, Liquidity Constraints and Start-up Costs</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/working_papers/WR500.html</id>
   <published>2007-07-05T02:54:00Z</published>
   <updated>2007-07-05T02:54:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">This paper studies the effects of liquidity constraints and start-up costs on the relationship between wealth and the fraction of entrepreneurs in an economy.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/working_papers/WR500.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Health and Wealth of Elderly Couples: Causality Tests Using Dynamic Panel Data Models</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/working_papers/WR191.html</id>
   <published>2004-10-21T14:38:00Z</published>
   <updated>2004-10-21T14:38:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html"></summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/working_papers/WR191.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Estimates of Potential Eligibility for Low-Income Subsidies Under Medicare Part D</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR686.html</id>
   <published>2009-04-16T16:28:00Z</published>
   <updated>2009-04-16T16:28:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">An estimated 12 million persons (29 percent of Medicare beneficiaries) were potentially eligible for the Medicare Part D Low-Income Subsidy in 2006, but there is uncertainty in this estimate due to differences in the two main data sources employed.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR686.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Is There a Shortage of Anesthesia Providers in the United States?</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9541.html</id>
   <published>2010-07-07T11:04:00Z</published>
   <updated>2010-07-07T11:04:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Analysis of labor market trends suggests that the United States is experiencing a shortage of anesthesiology providers.  </summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9541.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR688.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Using Matched Survey and Administrative Data to Estimate Eligibility for the Medicare Part D Low Income Subsidy Program</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/working_papers/WR743.html</id>
   <published>2010-02-18T10:35:00Z</published>
   <updated>2010-02-18T10:35:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Uses matched survey and administrative data to estimate eligibility for the Medicare part D low income subsidy program.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/working_papers/WR743.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP201000174.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Fertility and Female Employment Dynamics in Europe: The Effect of Using Alternative Econometric Modeling Assumptions</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/working_papers/WR643.html</id>
   <published>2008-12-09T16:35:00Z</published>
   <updated>2008-12-09T16:35:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Examines the effect of using alternative econometric modeling assumptions on fertility and female employment dynamics in Europe.
  </summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/working_papers/WR643.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20090025.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Entrepreneurship, Wealth, Liquidity Constraints, and Start-Up Costs</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20070623.html</id>
   <published>2007-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2007-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Focuses on the effect of liquidity constraints and startup costs on the relationship between wealth and fraction of entrepreneurs in an economy.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20070623.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.law.uiuc.edu/publications/cll&amp;pj/archive/vol_28/issue_4/FonsecaArticle28-4.pdf" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">How Did the Elimination of the US Earnings Test Above the Normal Retirement Age Affect Labour Supply Expectations?</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20080618.html</id>
   <published>2008-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2008-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Looks at the effect of the 2000 repeal of the earnings test above the normal retirement age on the self-reported probabilities of working full-time after ages 65 and 62 of male workers in the U.S. Health and Retirement Study.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20080618.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Health and Wealth of Elderly Couples</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20080912.html</id>
   <published>2008-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2008-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">A positive relationship between socio-economic status and health is found in many industrialized countries. This study analyzes competing explanations and finds strong evidence of causal effects from both spouses&apos; health on household wealth.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20080912.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Le Travail Independant Passe 50 Ans</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20071212.html</id>
   <published>2007-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2007-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Une politique d&apos;aide financiere aux entrepreneurs serait peu efficace si les couts de creation d&apos;entreprise demeurent eleves.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20071212.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.insee.fr/fr/ffc/ficdoc_frame.asp?ref_id=ECO403&amp;doc_id=2138" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Cross-Country Variation in Obesity Patterns among Older Americans and Europeans</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/working_papers/WR495.html</id>
   <published>2007-07-04T23:54:00Z</published>
   <updated>2007-07-04T23:54:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Analyzes obesity in people ages 50 and above in European countries, focusing on measures of energy intake and expenditure as well as socioeconomic status, and examines the reasons for differing obesity rates in the the U.S. and Europe.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/working_papers/WR495.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20070024.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Cross-country Variation in Obesity Patterns Among Older Americans and Europeans</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20070024.html</id>
   <published>2007-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2007-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Obesity rates differ substantially on both sides of the Atlantic and across European countries, with most of the difference coming from the right tail of the weight distribution.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20070024.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.bepress.com/fhep/10/2/8" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/working_papers/WR495.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Obesity and Health in Europeans Aged 50 and Older</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20070712.html</id>
   <published>2007-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2007-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Documents the prevalence of obesity and related health conditions for Europeans aged 50 years and older, and estimates the association between obesity and health outcomes across 10 European countries. Cross-country differences in the prevalence of obesity in older Europeans are substantial and exceed socio-demographic differentials in excessive body weight. Obesity is associated with significantly poorer health outcomes among Europeans aged 50 years and over, with effects similar across countries.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20070712.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.elsevier.com/wps/product/cws_home/645727" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/working_papers/WR331.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Obesity and Health in Europeans Ages 50 and Above</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/working_papers/WR331.html</id>
   <published>2005-12-20T13:18:00Z</published>
   <updated>2005-12-20T13:18:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">The authors use a unique cross-country data set covering nearly 22,000 elderly individuals (age 50+) from 10 European Countries.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/working_papers/WR331.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20070712.html" />
 </entry>
 
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