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     <title>RAND: David S. Ortiz</title>
     <link rel="self" href="http://www.rand.org/about/people/o/ortiz_david_s.xml"/>
     <updated>2013-05-04T02:16:08Z</updated>
     <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" hreflang="en" href="http://www.rand.org/about/people/o/ortiz_david_s.html" />
     <rights>Copyright (c) 2013, The RAND Corporation</rights>
     <author>
       <name>RAND Corporation</name>
     </author>
     <id>http://www.rand.org/about/people/o/ortiz_david_s.html</id>
	 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Securing America&apos;s Ports</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/commentary/2006/03/26/SDUT.html</id>
   <published>2006-03-26T12:00:01Z</published>
   <updated>2006-03-26T12:00:01Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Published commentary by RAND staff: Securing America&apos;s Ports, in the San Diego Union-Tribune.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/commentary/2006/03/26/SDUT.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Katrina Shows Supply Chain Needs National Attention</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/commentary/2005/09/26/LABJ.html</id>
   <published>2005-09-26T17:40:00Z</published>
   <updated>2005-09-26T17:40:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Published commentary by RAND staff: Katrina Shows Supply Chain Needs National Attention in the Los Angeles Business Journal.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/commentary/2005/09/26/LABJ.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Securing U.S. Supply Chain</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/commentary/2005/08/29/UPI_2.html</id>
   <published>2005-08-29T14:17:00Z</published>
   <updated>2005-08-29T14:17:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Published commentary by RAND staff:Securing U.S. Supply Chain appearing in United Press International.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/commentary/2005/08/29/UPI_2.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">The Economic Costs of Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions Under a U.S. National Renewable Electricity Mandate</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20110093.html</id>
   <published>2011-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2011-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">The authors perform a technical and economic assessment and estimate the economic costs and net GHG reductions from U.S renewable electricity mandates. GHG emissions reductions from such policies could be as much as 670 million metric tons per year. Depending on technological development, economic costs are $13-$45 billion per year. Lower costs depend on favorable technological progress.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20110093.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421511001327" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Assessing Container Security:  A Framework for Measuring Performance of the Global Supply Chain</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9095.html</id>
   <published>2005-11-25T10:58:00Z</published>
   <updated>2005-11-25T10:58:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Since 9/11, several programs have been implemented to improve security of the global supply chain. In reviewing these programs, this study concludes that supply-chain efficiency and security are distinct but interconnected and recommends considering ...</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9095.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR214.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">The State of U.S. Railroads: A Review of Capacity and Performance Data</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR603.html</id>
   <published>2008-08-04T22:07:00Z</published>
   <updated>2008-08-04T22:07:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">U.S. railroads have improved their productivity, but increasing freight volume threatens to cause performance-degrading capacity constraints. This report describes the current state of railroad capacity and performance for freight transportation.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR603.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/corporate_pubs/CP521-2008-12.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Improving the Safety and Security of Freight and Passenger Rail in Pennsylvania</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR615.html</id>
   <published>2008-11-10T20:20:00Z</published>
   <updated>2008-11-10T20:20:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Reviews Pennsylvania&apos;s statutory and regulatory authority over rail, recent studies and actions regarding rail safety and security, and actions taken by other states, and includes a qualitative analysis of risks to rail infrastructure.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR615.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/news/press/2008/11/24.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Unconventional Fossil-Based Fuels: Economic and Environmental Trade-Offs</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR580.html</id>
   <published>2008-09-19T06:52:00Z</published>
   <updated>2008-09-19T06:52:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">RAND researchers assess potential future production levels and costs, greenhouse gases, and other environmental implications of fuels derived from oil sands and via coal liquefaction relative to conventional petroleum-based transportation fuels.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR580.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/news/press/2008/10/08.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9404.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Evaluating the Security of the Global Containerized Supply Chain</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR214.html</id>
   <published>2004-11-24T14:28:00Z</published>
   <updated>2004-11-24T14:28:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Containerized shipping has always been an attractive target for thieves and smugglers -- and now terrorists. Are today&amp;#8217;s security measures working or not? This report lays out a framework for assessing the effects of supply-chain security proposals.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR214.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/news/press/2004/12/06.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9095.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Assessing a Coal-to-Liquids Fuel Industry in the United States</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9342.html</id>
   <published>2008-11-30T04:15:00Z</published>
   <updated>2008-11-30T04:15:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Government actions to gain early experience in producing liquid fuels from coal offer major energy security benefits but also raise important economic governance, and environmental issues.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9342.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG754.html" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR586.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Maritime Terrorism: Risk and Liability</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG520.html</id>
   <published>2006-10-13T19:17:00Z</published>
   <updated>2006-10-13T19:17:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Explores terrorist threats, vulnerabilities, and consequences, as well as the application of civil liability, in connection with terrorist attacks against targeting ferries, cruise ships, and container ships.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG520.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/news/press/2006/10/16.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">High-Technology Manufacturing and U.S. Competitiveness</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR136.html</id>
   <published>2004-06-03T17:12:00Z</published>
   <updated>2004-06-03T17:12:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Is U.S. high-technology manufacturing at risk?</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR136.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Near-Term Feasibility of Alternative Jet Fuels</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR554.html</id>
   <published>2009-10-13T16:22:00Z</published>
   <updated>2009-10-13T16:22:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Aviation has few near-term options to petroleum-based fuels. Alternative fuels that may be available in the next decade may reduce aviation&apos;s impact on air quality and benefit nonaviation sectors.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR554.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Alternative Fossil-Based Transportation Fuels: Economic Benefits and Environmental Concerns</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9404.html</id>
   <published>2008-11-21T16:49:00Z</published>
   <updated>2008-11-21T16:49:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Alternative fuels derived from oil sands and from coal liquefaction can cost-effectively diversify fuel supplies, but neither type significantly reduces U.S. carbon-dioxide emissions enough to arrest long-term climate change.
  </summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9404.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR580.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">E-Vision 2002, Shaping Our Future by Reducing Energy Intensity in the U.S. Economy: Volume I: Proceedings of the Conference</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/conf_proceedings/CF184.html</id>
   <published>2003-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2003-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Includes the proceedings of the May 2002 E-Vision 2002 Conference, a gathering of the nation&apos;s leading energy experts to discuss ways to reduce U.S. economic energy intensity.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/conf_proceedings/CF184.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Increasing the Capacity of Freight Transportation: U.S. and Canadian Perspectives</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/conf_proceedings/CF228.html</id>
   <published>2007-02-20T16:56:00Z</published>
   <updated>2007-02-20T16:56:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Summarizes discussions from a 2006 workshop with more than 30 North American freight transport system stakeholders about capacity and other constraints in the system.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/conf_proceedings/CF228.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Implications and Policy Options of California&apos;s Reliance on Natural Gas</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/monograph_reports/MR1605.html</id>
   <published>2002-01-01T12:01:49Z</published>
   <updated>2002-01-01T12:01:49Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Assesses the benefits, risks, and implications of the increased use of natural gas to meet California&apos;s growing energy needs.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monograph_reports/MR1605.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Measures of Residential Energy Consumption and Their Relationships to DOE Policy</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/monograph_reports/MR1105z0.html</id>
   <published>1999-01-01T12:05:15Z</published>
   <updated>1999-01-01T12:05:15Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Measures of Residential Energy Consumption and Their Relationships to DOE Policy</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monograph_reports/MR1105z0.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">The Public Benefit of California&apos;s Investments in Energy Efficiency</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/monograph_reports/MR1212z0.html</id>
   <published>2000-01-01T12:05:15Z</published>
   <updated>2000-01-01T12:05:15Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">This study reports on the results of an assessment of the benefits of energy efficiency for California.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monograph_reports/MR1212z0.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">National Security Space Launch Report</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG503.html</id>
   <published>2006-07-21T02:30:00Z</published>
   <updated>2006-07-21T02:30:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Summarizes the findings of the National Security Space Launch Requirements Panel&apos;s yearlong research and its subsequent findings and recommendations.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG503.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/news/press/2006/08/16.html" />
 </entry>
 
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