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     <title>RAND: Rajeev Ramchand</title>
     <link rel="self" href="http://www.rand.org/about/people/r/ramchand_rajeev.xml"/>
     <updated>2013-05-30T10:12:56Z</updated>
     <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" hreflang="en" href="http://www.rand.org/about/people/r/ramchand_rajeev.html" />
     <rights>Copyright (c) 2013, The RAND Corporation</rights>
     <author>
       <name>RAND Corporation</name>
     </author>
     <id>http://www.rand.org/about/people/r/ramchand_rajeev.html</id>
	 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Invisible Wounds: Predicting the Immediate and Long-Term Consequences of Mental Health Problems in Veterans of Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/working_papers/WR546.html</id>
   <published>2008-04-18T07:20:00Z</published>
   <updated>2008-04-18T07:20:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Reviews literature on post-traumatic stress disorder, major depression, and traumatic brain injury and discusses the likely effects of these conditions for veterans that have served in Afghanistan and Iraq and their families.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/working_papers/WR546.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Invisible Wounds of War web page" href="http://www.rand.org/multi/military/veterans.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Posttraumatic Distress and Physical Functioning</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20080806.html</id>
   <published>2008-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2008-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Cross-lagged relationships between posttraumatic distress symptoms and physical functioning are reciprocally related following traumatic injury. Interventions targeting physical recovery may influence subsequent mental health, and vice versa.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20080806.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.apa.org/journals/ccp/" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Substance Use and Delinquency Among Fifth Graders Who Have Jobs</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20090406.html</id>
   <published>2009-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2009-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Working for pay is associated with substance use and delinquency among older adolescents, although information is scant about younger youth who work. This study investigates associations between self-reports of having a job and substance use and delinquent behaviors in a sample of U.S. 5th graders.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20090406.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/07493797" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2008.11.018" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Smoking Rates Among Adolescents in Substance Abuse Treatment Programs</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20071206.html</id>
   <published>2007-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2007-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Substance abuse treatment programs often do not target smoking, despite its long-term health risks</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20071206.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://ps.psychiatryonline.org/cgi/reprint/58/12/1528" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">The Effect of Working for Pay on Adolescent Tobacco Use</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20071112.html</id>
   <published>2007-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2007-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">There is a strong link between working for pay and adolescent tobacco use.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20071112.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.ajph.org/cgi/content/abstract/97/11/2056" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9321.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">How Criminal System Racial Disparities May Translate Into Health Disparities</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20051117.html</id>
   <published>2005-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2005-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Disadvantaged racial and ethnic minorities in the U.S. are strikingly over-represented in the juvenile justice and adult criminal justice systems.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20051117.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Racial Differences in Marijuana-Users&apos; Risk of Arrest in the United States</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20061001.html</id>
   <published>2006-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2006-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">A recent study of arrest data show that African Americans are 2.5 times more likely to be arrested for marijuana possession offences than Whites.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20061001.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&amp;_udi=B6T63-4JN2NVP-1&amp;_user=258668&amp;_coverDate=10%2F01%2F2006&amp;_rdoc=8&amp;_fmt=full&amp;_orig=browse&amp;_srch=doc-info(%23toc%235019%232006%23999159996%23631178%23FLA%23display%23Volume)&amp;_cdi=5019&amp;_sort=d&amp;_docanchor=&amp;_ct=10&amp;_acct=C000015463&amp;_version=1&amp;_urlVersion=0&amp;_userid=258668&amp;md5=b1c7204fe99a4fd0dbe6f6a9a830dde5" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">In Memoriam</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/commentary/2011/05/29/ND.html</id>
   <published>2011-05-29T10:17:00Z</published>
   <updated>2011-05-29T10:17:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Not only would the delivery of quality behavioral care prevent suicides, but it would also aid in the recovery of the nearly 20 percent of service members with post-traumatic stress disorder or depression, writes Rajeev Ramchand.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/commentary/2011/05/29/ND.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Seven-year Life Outcomes of Adolescent Offenders in Los Angeles</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20090525.html</id>
   <published>2009-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2009-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">The authors examined important life outcomes for adolescent offenders to describe how they were faring in young adulthood.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20090525.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.ajph.org" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.ajph.org/" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">A Prospective Investigation of Suicide Ideation, Attempts, and Use of Mental Health Service Among Adolescents in Substance Abuse Treatment</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20081211.html</id>
   <published>2008-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2008-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">This study examined suicide ideation, attempts, and subsequent mental health service among a sample of 948 youth from substance abuse treatment facilities across the United States.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20081211.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.apa.org/journals/adb" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.apa.org/journals/adb/" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://psycnet.apa.org/index.cfm?fa=buy.optionToBuy&amp;id=2008-17215-007" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Alcohol Abuse and Illegal Drug Use Among Los Angeles County Trauma Patients</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20090516.html</id>
   <published>2009-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2009-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">This research studied alcohol abuse and illegal substance use patterns in a large cohort of urban trauma patients, identified correlates of alcohol abuse, and assessed the utility of a single item binge-drinking screener for identifying patients with past</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20090516.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://journals.lww.com/jtrauma/pages/default.aspx" />
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.jtrauma.com/pt/re/jtrauma/currenttoc.htm;jsessionid=KR0SvrygphQknYL1J4Z2Gs1gm3ym42yfjWZZ6mfCy16QZT05wv6v!-601995444!181195629!8091!-1" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Using a Cross-Study Design to Assess the Efficacy of Motivational Enhancement Therapy-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy 5 (MET/CBT5) in Treating Adolescents with Cannabis-Related Disorders</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20110099.html</id>
   <published>2011-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2011-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Youth with marijuana problems who received a research-based treatment (motivational enhancement therapy plus cognitive behavioral therapy [MET/CBT5]) had better outcomes than similar youth treated in community-based programs.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20110099.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.jsad.com/jsad/article/Using_a_CrossStudy_Design_to_Assess_the_Efficacy_of_Motivational_Enhanceme/4569.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">The Effectiveness of Community-Based Delivery of an Evidence-Based Treatment for Adolescent Substance Use</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP201100281.html</id>
   <published>2011-01-01T12:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2011-01-01T12:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">This study evaluates the effectiveness of motivational enhancement therapy/cognitive behavioral therapy&amp;ndash;5 (MET/CBT-5) when delivered in community practice settings relative to standard community-based adolescent treatment.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP201100281.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2011.11.003" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Assessing the Sensitivity of Treatment Effect Estimates to Differential Follow-Up Rates</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP201200146.html</id>
   <published>2012-01-01T12:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2012-01-01T12:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">The authors developed a new tool for assessing the sensitivity of findings on treatment effectiveness to differential follow-up rates in the two treatment conditions being compared.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP201200146.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10742-012-0089-7" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Teens Who Work Are More Likely to Smoke</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9321.html</id>
   <published>2008-01-09T10:19:00Z</published>
   <updated>2008-01-09T10:19:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">This research brief describes a study that found that working for pay in and around the 10th grade is associated with increased smoking among teens.
  </summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9321.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Studies&apos; Estimates of PTSD Prevalence Rates for Returning Service Members Vary Widely</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9509.html</id>
   <published>2010-02-11T17:01:00Z</published>
   <updated>2010-02-11T17:01:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Summarizes analyses of existing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) studies for war zone veterans, finding that the prevalence estimates vary widely and are linked to the use of different PTSD diagnostic definitions and divergent study samples.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9509.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Workplace Strategies Are Needed to Protect Youth Across the Globe from Starting to Smoke</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP51049.html</id>
   <published>2012-09-01T12:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2012-09-01T12:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">There is a strong association between adolescents&apos; beginning to work and their beginning to smoke.  Thus the workplace may be an appropriate venue for antismoking interventions targeting youth.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP51049.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.jahonline.org/article/S1054-139X%2812%2900253-4/abstract" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">How Perceptions of Mortality and HIV Morbidity Relate to Substance Abuse Problems and Risky Sexual Behaviors Among Former Juvenile Offenders</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20100143.html</id>
   <published>2010-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2010-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">Youth who think they are likely to get HIV are at greater risk for later substance abuse problems and risky sexual behaviors, but this perception doesn&apos;t cause them to reduce their substance use and change their behavior.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20100143.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://heb.sagepub.com/content/early/2010/10/24/1090198110365991.abstract" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">The War Within</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9529.html</id>
   <published>2011-02-17T10:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2011-02-17T10:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">The increasing number of suicides is causing concern in the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD). Suicide-prevention programs in DoD and across the services have some (but not all) of the characteristics of comprehensive programs.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9529.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG953.html" />
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Disparate Prevalence Estimates of PTSD Among Service Members Who Served in Iraq and Afghanistan</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20101318.html</id>
   <published>2010-01-01T00:00:00Z</published>
   <updated>2010-01-01T00:00:00Z</updated>
   <summary type="html">The authors reviewed 29 studies that provide prevalence estimates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among service members previously deployed to Operations Enduring and Iraqi Freedom and their non-U.S. military counterparts. Combat exposure is the only correlate consistently associated with PTSD.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20101318.html" />
   
   <link rel="related" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jts.20486" />
 </entry>
 
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