MR-682-OSTP

Fostering the Use of Educational Technology:
Elements of a National Strategy

Thomas K. Glennan, Arthur Melmed

CONTENTS

Preface
Figures
Tables

CURRENT USE AND EFFECTIVENESS OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY

ELEMENTS OF A NATIONAL STRATEGY TO EXPAND THE USE OF TECHNOLOGY IN EDUCATION

THE FEDERAL ROLE IN FOSTERING EFFECTIVE USE OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Chapter One
INTRODUCTION

EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY DEFINED

WHY IS EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY AN IMPORTANT COMPONENT OF PUBLIC POLICY?

RESEARCH APPROACH AND OUTLINE OF REPORT

Chapter Two
THE USE AND EFFECTIVENESS OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY TODAY

CURRENT SCHOOL AND STUDENT USE OF TECHNOLOGY

Existing Penetration of Technology in Schools

Use of Computers by Students

Penetration of Telecommunication Networks

EXPERIENCE OF A HANDFUL OF TECHNOLOGY-RICH SCHOOLS

Blackstock Junior High School, Port Hueneme, California

Christopher Columbus Middle School, Union City, New Jersey

East Bakersfield High School, Bakersfield, California

Northbrook Middle School, Houston, Texas

Taylorsville Elementary School, Taylorsville, Indiana

Qualities Shared by Five Technology-Rich Schools

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY

Evidence on the Effectiveness of Educational Programs Making Extensive Use of Technology

Evidence Concerning the Performance of Technology-Rich Schools

A Note of Caution from History

Chapter Three
THE COSTS OF TECHNOLOGY-RICH SCHOOLS

CURRENT SCHOOL TECHNOLOGY EXPENDITURE

COSTS OF INCREASING THE LEVEL OF TECHNOLOGY IN SCHOOLS

Factors Affecting School-Level Costs

Chapter Four
CHALLENGES OF CREATING A NATION OF TECHNOLOGY-ENABLED SCHOOLS

FINANCING THE COSTS OF INTRODUCING AND USING TECHNOLOGY IN SCHOOLS

Front-End Investment

Continuing Costs of Operating Technology-Rich Schools

Opportunities for Federal and State Action

PROVIDING TEACHERS WITH SKILLS NEEDED FOR EFFECTIVE TECHNOLOGY-RICH SCHOOLS

The Nature of the Current Teaching Force

Support for Continuing Professional Development

Preservice Training for Teachers

Opportunities for Federal, State, and Local Action

ENSURING THAT NEEDED SOFTWARE IS AVAILABLE

Market Supply and Demand for Educational Software

Opportunities for Federal, State, and Local Action

Chapter Five
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

ELEMENTS OF A NATIONAL STRATEGY TO EXPAND THE USE OF TECHNOLOGY IN EDUCATION

Relate Use of Technology to Educational Reform Agenda

Build Costs of Educational Technology into State and Local Education Budgets

Provide Access to National Information Infrastructure

Monitor the Equality of Access to Benefits of Educational Technology and Work to Improve That Equality of Access Where Possible

Capitalize on the Lessons of Pioneer Schools and Districts

The Federal Role in Fostering Effective Use of Educational Technology

Appendix
PARTICIPANTS IN CTI WORKSHOPS

Copyright © 1996 RAND

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Published 1996 by RAND

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