Initial research was supported by a grant from the Markle Foundation. Project AIR FORCE, the National Defense Research Institute, RAND's Center for Information Revolution and Analysis and RAND's Department for Defense Technology and Policy each contributed additional funding toward the completion of this work.

This document has been accepted by the RAND Graduate School in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Public Policy Analysis.

A brief mention of pronouns is also in order. When the person to whom a third person singular pronoun refers is hypothetical, collective or of an unspecified gender, this dissertation uses a gender-neutral pronoun, "E." This new pronoun is particularly useful in the case of "the Dictator" who has often been male, but E has not been exclusively male in the past nor will E necessarily be male in the future. A more thorough discussion explaining the rationale and declination of this pronoun can be found in Kedzie (1995b).