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Education: Featured Research

Ending Social Promotion Without Leaving Children Behind: The Case of New York City — Oct. 15, 2009

a girl in a library

The New York City Department of Education's test-based promotion and retention policy, which identifies and provides support for struggling students, has demonstrated positive effects for student achievement in fifth grade that continue into seventh grade.

The Reform of Qatar University — Oct. 5, 2009

Qatar University, exterior

In this summary of the efforts to reform Qatar University, the authors describe the motivation for reform, the design of the reform agenda, and the early stages of the implementation effort, with an eye toward identifying the challenges that remain.

Living Conditions in Anbar Province in June 2008 — Sep. 30, 2009

Iraqi girl amid crowd waiting to begin school, photo courtesy of defenseimagery.mil/Mowerey

Effective counterinsurgency is dependent on understanding the local population. A survey of those living in Iraq's Anbar Province (once one of the country's most violent areas), reveals both the many improvements that have occurred, as well as the extent to which these Iraqis have suffered from the effects of war.

Shaping Tomorrow Today: Near-Term Steps Towards Long-Term Goals — Aug. 13, 2009

image of a man before a labyrinth

The RAND Frederick S. Pardee Center for Longer Range Global Policy and the Future Human Condition recently hosted a workshop that gave analysts and policymakers from many countries a collaborative opportunity to explore new methods and tools that can help improve long-term decisionmaking.

The SSET Program: Support for Students Exposed to Trauma — Jun. 25, 2009

kids hands piled up

Exposure to community and interpersonal violence is a public health crisis affecting many children in the U.S., causing mental health and behavioral problems, substance abuse, and poor school performance. The SSET program is a series of ten lessons that aims to reduce distress resulting from exposure to trauma.

Strategies and Models for Promoting Adolescent Vaccination for Low-Income Populations — Jun. 15, 2009

African American teenage boy leans on wall

Since 2005, three new vaccines for teenagers have been licensed in the U.S. Although the majority of 13-17-year-olds have received recommended vaccines, rates remain below 2010 targets, and the coverage rates for low-income adolescents and minority youth are likely to be lower.

California Preschool Study Finds Ways To Improve the State's Childhood Education System Despite Scarce Resources — May 28, 2009

Child's hands fingerpainting

In an era of fiscal crisis, California can still improve access and quality in its early childhood education system through low-cost improvements, such as adopting efficiencies and better use of existing resources. Such measures will also allow the system to lay the foundation for greater improvements in the future when more resources are available.

Five Key Education Priorities for the Obama Administration — Apr. 8, 2009

teacher in classroom

A set of five policy briefs address key education priorities for the Obama administration and the 111th Congress. Each brief summarizes the current research on the topic and the implications for federal policymakers.

What Are the Effects of Charter Schools on Educational Attainment in Eight States? — Mar. 18, 2009

three high school graduating boys

Along with the growth of the charter school movement has come contentious debate about its effects on both charter students and those in nearby traditional public schools. This study helps determine why previous research has drawn differing conclusions through its examination of charter schools' effect on overall educational attainment.

Innovation and the Future of e-Books — Feb. 27, 2009

e-book, photo courtesy of Flickr/Irish Typepad

The technological development and cultural acceptance of e-books today parallels the state, but the majority remain simply digitized versions of print books and offer no new tools. This paper examines three examples of innovative e-books in order to illustrate the potential and pitfalls of electronic publications.

How China Can Strengthen Its Economy by Investing in High-Technology Applications — Feb. 13, 2009

Tianjin port, photo courtesy of Flickr/egorgrebnev

China's Tianjin Binhai New Area (TBNA) and Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area (TEDA) can best spur regional development and economic growth by focusing on emerging high-technology applications, including molecular-scale drug development and green manufacturing.

Final Report on State and Local Implementation of the No Child Left Behind Act Finds Parents Largely Unaware of Options — Feb. 10, 2009

woman with small children and books

A key aim of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB) is to provide school choice or supplemental educational services to predominantly low-income parents whose children are attending Title I schools identified for improvement, but in recent years only a small fraction of families have taken advantage of these options.

Report Quantifies Level of Disadvantage Faced by Boys and Men of Color in California — Feb. 5, 2009

two men of color

The first multi-dimensional effort to quantify the disparities faced by African-American and Latino boys and men in California across a broad spectrum of health and social factors provides a disquieting outlook for their lives.

Methamphetamine Use Estimated to Cost the U.S. About $23 Billion in 2005 — Feb. 4, 2009

teen smoking meth pipe, photo courtesy of methproject.org

The economic cost of methamphetamine use in the United States reached $23.4 billion in 2005, including the burden of addiction, premature death, drug treatment and many other aspects of the drug.

Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh Should Explore Other Funding Sources, Right-Size Programs — Jan. 15, 2009

Main branch of Carnegie Library, Pittsburgh

Facing serious funding challenges, Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh needs to explore new ways to secure adequate and stable funding, engage patrons and other stakeholders, and evaluate what services it offers.

Trends and Future Prospects for the Arts Predict Changing Role for State Agencies — Nov. 18, 2008

symphony conductor

State arts agencies — key players within the U.S. system of public support for the arts — face a wide varitey of challenges to their typical roles as grantmakers. The author concludes that future state arts policy is likely to focus more on efforts to develop the creative economy and to grow the audience for the arts.

Benefit-Cost Analysis Rarely Captures the Full Economic Value of Social Programs — Nov. 12, 2008

scale

This study assesses the state of the art in determining the economic value of social programs for use in benefit-cost analysis (BCA). It finds that rarely are the benefits of social programs consistently or accurately monetized and suggests ways to advance the use of BCA in evaluating social programs' economic returns.

No Child Left Behind School Improvement Efforts Should Be Customized to Locale — Nov. 10, 2008

teacher helps young student

This update to a 2007 study on provides an additional year of data on the strategies states, districts, and schools are using to implement standards-based accountability under the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) and how these strategies are associated with classroom practices and student achievement in mathematics and science.

Four Countries in the Middle East Face the Human Capital Challenges of the 21st Century — Oct. 31, 2008

arab student in Middle East works on laptop, Starbucks drink

Education and labor market initiatives are under way in four Arab nations -- Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates -- to address the challenges of developing the human capital of their populations for the 21st century global economy, though better evaluation of the implemented reforms will be needed to determine their efficacy.

Quarterly Report on Los Angeles County Juvenile Justice Crime Prevention Rates Home-Based Programs — Oct. 10, 2008

boys in class at juvenile detention, photo courtesy of Flickr

A detailed review of five Los Angeles home-based programs determines how their current practices compare with the literature on best practices in corrections, and assigns scores to each for their ability to deliver quality interventions and services for offenders.

Lessons from Early Adopters of Child-Care Quality Rating and Improvement Systems — Sep. 16, 2008

Teacher helping children in daycare

Although child-care quality rating and improvement systems have widespread appeal and are being adopted in many states, there is a dearth of practical knowledge on how to develop and implement them. A review of early-adopter programs highlights lessons learned and offers recommendations.

Improving Arts Education Is Key To Stemming Audience Decline — Sep. 8, 2008

people at museum, photo courtesy of Flickr

Policymakers have underestimated the critical role of arts learning in supporting a vibrant nonprofit cultural sector. Despite decades of effort to make high-quality works of art available to Americans, demand for the arts has failed to keep pace with supply.

Assistance and Accountability in Externally Managed Schools: The Case of Edison Schools, Inc. — Sep. 5, 2008

classroom with kids

A four-year study of the nation’s largest private contractor of public school management reveals the ways in which Edison’s comprehensive approach, which aims to promote high-quality instruction, is affected by variation in school leadership and district policies.

The Cost-Effectiveness of Education Interventions in Poor Countries — Aug. 27, 2008

four African schoolchildren, photo courtesy of Flickr

The August issue of Policy Insight discusses the growing use of randomized trials to determine the effectiveness of development programs in low-income countries, suggesting that similar methods should be used to assess the cost-effectiveness of education interventions in these countries.

Overview of Research Literature Finds Positive Effects of Education on Community — Aug. 20, 2008

boy stands alone in classroom

A review of existing research prepared for a group of Santa Monica community and school leaders finds strong evidence of a positive correlation between education and community health, as measured through data on crime, employment and earnings, housing values and tax revenues.

Public and Private Collaboration Can Provide Arts Education, Aid Child Development — Jun. 18, 2008

elementary school art class

Amid cutbacks in school arts education funding, public and private organizations in six urban regions have collaborated to expand access to arts learning for children in and outside of public school.

Room for Improvement in California's Use of High-Quality Preschool Programs — Jun. 18, 2008

preschoolers learn to count

More than half of California’s preschoolers attend center-based early care and education programs, but the children who have the most to gain from preschool frequently are those least likely to participate in the programs.

U.S. Leads the World in Science and Technology With Help of Foreign Scientists — Jun. 12, 2008

Four technicians standing lab glasses

An inflow of foreign students in the sciences -- as well as scientists and engineers from overseas -- has helped the United States build and maintain its worldwide lead in science and technology.

Virginity Pledges May Be Appropriate As One Component of Sex Education — Jun. 10, 2008

Prom couple

Adolescents who made pledges to remain virgins until they are married were less likely to be sexually active over the three-year study period than other youth who were similar to them, but who did not make a virginity pledge

What Does Economics Tell Us About Early Childhood Policy? — May 12, 2008

Baby with father

A growing body of economic research suggests that public investment in early childhood programs may be able to lower public costs for social services by improving children's long-term welfare.

Charter School Students in Chicago Enjoy Better Graduation, College Entry Rates — May 7, 2008

High school graduation

Chicago's multi-grade charter high schools (those serving students in grades 7-12, 6-12 or K-12) appear to improve their students' chances of graduating and attending college, as compared with the city's traditional public high schools.

Spirituality for Kids After-School Program has Significant Positive Effects — Apr. 29, 2008

Three students in school hallway

A nonreligious after-school program, Spirituality for Kids (SFK) seeks to build resilience in children. Interestingly, it improves not just social and internal outcomes but also school-related outcomes, even though it is not an academic intervention.

Miscommunication Hindered Student Participation in Programs Created by NCLB — Apr. 4, 2008

Student at chalkboard

Student participation in school choice programs authorized by the No Child Left Behind Act was hindered because parents did not receive clear and timely communication from schools.

What are the Costs and Benefits of Out-of-School-Time Youth Programs? — Feb. 29, 2008

Group of teenagers

Evaluation of youth programs offered during the time that students are not in school shows that the programs that are costlier and provide more-intense resources to youth perform the best.

A Comparison of the Education Systems in India and China — Feb. 25, 2008

Student in Indian classroom

Different educational approaches in China and India have been successful in stimulating economic growth; the successes and challenges of both education systems offer valuable lessons for China, India, and the rest of the developing world.

Identifying Priorities for Post-Secondary Education in Qatar — Feb. 12, 2008

Doha, Qatar

Education and employment preferences in Qatar are not well aligned with the demands of the Persian Gulf state's labor market, and existing post-secondary educational offerings do not meet all of the nation's needs.

California Lags Nation in Tracking Students' Educational Progress — Jan. 29, 2008

Student in classroom with book

While California has basic tracking system architecture in place to allow the state's educators to closely follow the progress of students from kindergarten to post-secondary education, officials must overcome political and financial barriers.

Community Policing and Violence Prevention in Oakland — Jan. 8, 2008

Police officer

An assessment of the first-year progress of community-policing and violence-prevention programs in Oakland funded by Measure Y found that implementation of community policing has been delayed, but violence-prevention programs have been implemented as planned.

Implementing Youth Prevention Programs in Communities — Jul. 30, 2007

Father and daughter

Underage drinking is a significant problem in the United States. To address this problem, RAND researchers developed guides to provide key accountability questions, worksheets, tools, and examples to help communities plan, implement, and evaluate their efforts to reduce and prevent underage drinking.

A Vision for the Arts in Los Angeles — May 14, 2007

Los Angeles County Museum of Art, AP Images/Reed Saxon

The arts in L.A. are booming. But the city, major players, the public, and the arts sector lack a shared vision for realizing its full potential. On October 5, 2006, RAND hosted a Policy Forum to guide strategic thinking about the future of the arts in Los Angeles.

Greater Collaboration and Centralization of Functions Needed to Support Arts — Mar. 9, 2007

Philadelphia

The arts sector in Philadelphia and other big cities would benefit greatly from a strong local agency to coordinate cultural activities and help make arts an integral part of each community.

Visual Arts Picture Isn't as Rosy as It First Appears — Aug. 11, 2005

Visual Arts

Despite record museum attendance, booming commercial popularity, soaring prices for artists' work and well-publicized museum expansions, the relationship between visual artists, institutions and patrons faces significant challenges.

LA Schools’ Arts Need Coordination With Arts Groups — Sep. 15, 2004

arts icons

Arts education programs in Los Angeles public schools could become more effective if schools and local arts organizations work together to create a coherent, standards-based arts curriculum.

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