Cardiovascular Disorders

Contents:

Research conducted by: RAND Health

All Items (123)

JOURNAL ARTICLE

What Is the Evidence That Vitamin C Supplements Lower Blood Pressure? — May 1, 2012

This editorial uses a recent meta-analysis on the effects of vitamin C on blood pressure to highlight pitfalls in nutrition research design.

JOURNAL ARTICLE

The Women's Health Initiative: The Food Environment, Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status, BMI, and Blood Pressure — Mar 31, 2012

Post menopausal women living in neighborhoods with higher socioeconomic status and more supermarkets have lower body mass and lower blood pressure.

JOURNAL ARTICLE

A Graphical Method for Assessing Risk Factor Threshold Values Using the Generalized Additive Model: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis — Mar 1, 2012

In this paper, we suggest approaching the estimation of risk factors on health with the use of a semi-parametric method and visualization for improvement of the threshold selection in variable dichotomization while accounting for mixture distributions in the outcome of interest and adjusting for covariates.

REPORT

Patient Incentives to Motivate Doctor Visits and Reduce Hypertension Disparities — Nov 30, 2011

Assesses whether a one-time $15 patient financial incentive, along with educational materials, would be effective in motivating people with hypertension (HTN) to see their personal physician, compared with educational materials only or no intervention; whether patient incentives and educational materials are differentially effective across racial/ethnic groups in motivating physician visits and improving blood pressure control; and whether…

JOURNAL ARTICLE

Today's 'Meaningful Use' Standard for Medication Orders by Hospitals May Save Few Lives; Later Stages May Do More — Sep 30, 2011

Current federal standards for hospital "meaningful use" of health information technology--which requires electronic medication orders for 30 percent of eligible patients--are probably too low to reduce deaths from heart failure and heart attack among hospitalized Medicare beneficiaries.

NEWS RELEASE

New Report Helps Inform Decisions about How Science Should Be Funded — Mar 7, 2011

Project Retrosight analysed 29 case studies of cardiovascular and stroke research in Australia, Canada, and the UK, and found that clinical research has greater societal impact over a 15-20 year timescale, while basic research has greater academic impact.

REPORT

Understanding the Returns from Cardiovascular and Stroke Research — Mar 7, 2011

Project Retrosight analyzed 29 case studies of cardiovascular and stroke research in Australia, Canada, and the UK, and found that clinical research has greater societal impact over a 15–20 year timescale, while basic research has greater academic impact.

REPORT

Project Retrosight: Understanding the returns from cardiovascular and stroke research: Methodology Report — Mar 6, 2011

This work explores impacts of cardiovascular and stroke research funded 15–20 years ago and draws out aspects associated with high or low impact. It describes 29 case studies of grants from Australia, Canada and UK. Methodology volume.

RESEARCH BRIEF

Project Retrosight: Understanding the returns from cardiovascular and stroke research — Mar 6, 2011

Project Retrosight analysed 29 case studies of cardiovascular and stroke research in Australia, Canada and the UK, examining the diversity of impact produced by this kind of research and identifying factors associated with various levels of payback.

JOURNAL ARTICLE

Cost Implications of Improving Blood Pressure Management Among U.S. Adults — Feb 8, 2011

Payers will find it slightly more cost-effective to improve care for moderate than for severe hypertension.

JOURNAL ARTICLE

Small Area Variations in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: Does the Neighborhood Matter? — Jun 30, 2010

Using surveillance data, researchers identified neighborhoods in a Georgia county with a persistently high incidence of cardiac arrest and low rates of bystander CPR. Such neighborhoods are promising targets for community-based interventions.

JOURNAL ARTICLE

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Working Group on Emergency Department Management of Acute Heart Failure: Research Challenges and Opportunities — Jun 30, 2010

This paper presents research recommendations from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Working Group on emergency department management of acute heart failure.

REPORT

Three Essays on Hypertension Prevention and Medical Product Safety in China and the United States — Jan 7, 2010

Addresses hypertension prevention and medical product safety in China and the United States.

JOURNAL ARTICLE

Literacy Skills and Calculated 10-Year Risk of Coronary Heart Disease — Dec 31, 2009

Skills in reading, listing and numeracy may affect the risk of coronary heart disease.

JOURNAL ARTICLE

General Cardiovascular Risk Profile Identifies Advanced Coronary Artery Calcium and Is Improved By Family History: The Multiethnic Study of Atherosclerosis — Dec 31, 2009

The research goal was to assess the ability of the General Cardiovascular Risk Profile to identify individuals with advanced coronary artery calcification, and determine whether identification is improved with family history.

JOURNAL ARTICLE

Improving Cardiac Resuscitation: Evolution or Revolution? — Dec 31, 2009

Paramedics need to "unlearn" traditional resuscitation methods and implement a "bundle" of proven and highly promising interventions, all delivered within a short time frame.

JOURNAL ARTICLE

Ambient Particulate Matter Air Pollution and Venous Thromboembolism in the Women's Health Initiative Hormone Therapy Trials — Dec 31, 2009

There is little evidence of an association between short- or long-term exposure to particulate matter air pollution and venous thromboembolism; and no evidence that hormone therapy is modifing such a link.

JOURNAL ARTICLE

Variation in the Net Benefit of Aggressive Cardiovascular Risk Factor Control Across the US Population of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus — Dec 31, 2009

This study examined the benefits of aggressively controlling blood pressure and cholesterol in diabetes patients and found that the potential benefits depend on a patient's underlying risk for cardiovascular disease.

REPORT

Three Essays on Health Behaviors and the Need for New Policy — Oct 15, 2009

Three essays, each on one emerging public health issue that calls for new policy making.

RESEARCH BRIEF

Hold the Salt: Lowering Sodium Intake Would Improve Health and Save Money — Oct 9, 2009

Details the benefits that would accrue from reducing sodium consumption among Americans, including a reduced prevalence of high blood pressure, lower medical costs, and improved quality of life.

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Daniel Waxman

Assistant Policy Analyst

Prior to coming to RAND, Daniel Waxman spent many years practicing emergency medicine and cardiology in New York City. He continues to practice emergency medicine on a part-time basis.

Daniel Kim

Associate Social Policy Scientist

Daniel Kim is an associate social policy scientist at the RAND Corporation, where his research focuses on the social determinants of health. He is principal investigator of a project estimating the effects of neighborhood socioeconomic characteristics on coronary heart disease incidence and…

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