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     <title>RAND Research Topic: Civil Law</title>
     <link rel="self" href="http://www.rand.org/topics/civil-law.xml"/>
     <updated>2012-05-24T20:22:10Z</updated>
     <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" hreflang="en" href="http://www.rand.org/topics/civil-law.html" />
     <rights>Copyright (c) 2012, The RAND Corporation</rights>
     <author>
       <name>RAND Corporation</name>
     </author>
     <id>http://www.rand.org/topics/civil-law.html</id>
	 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Making the Civil Justice System More Efficient and Equitable</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/law-business-regulation/centers/civil-justice.html</id>
   <published>Oct 3, 2011</published>
   <updated>Oct 3, 2011</updated>
   <summary type="html">The RAND Institute for Civil Justice (ICJ) conducts research on all aspects of civil justice, from trends in litigation and jury verdicts to punitive damages, compensation systems, and alternative dispute resolution. Directly or indirectly, civil justice issues have an impact on us all. </summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/law-business-regulation/centers/civil-justice.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Would Increased Transparency Improve the U.S. Civil Justice System?</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/commercial_books/CB528.html</id>
   <published>Apr 24, 2012</published>
   <updated>Apr 24, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">Some argue that the confidentiality of the civil justice system keeps it working efficiently and fairly; others argue that the public is being denied information about hazards that may cause harm. A balanced approach to increasing transparency can improve the system, raise public confidence, and protect litigants&apos; privacy. </summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/commercial_books/CB528.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Would Increased Transparency Improve the Civil Justice System?</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9661.html</id>
   <published>Apr 24, 2012</published>
   <updated>Apr 24, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">This research brief provides an overview of a collection of essays, a collaborative project by the UCLA-RAND Center for Law and Public Policy, examining the trade-offs between transparency and confidentiality in the civil justice system.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9661.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">New Book Explores Transparency in the American Civil Justice System</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/news/press/2012/04/24.html</id>
   <published>Apr 24, 2012</published>
   <updated>Apr 24, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">The quest for greater transparency in the American civil justice system is the topic of a new book of essays illustrating how a balanced approach to increasing transparency can improve the civil justice system, raise public confidence and protect litigants&apos; privacy.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/news/press/2012/04/24.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Predictive Coding Could Reduce E-Discovery Costs, but More Guidance Is Needed on Data Preservation</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG1208.html</id>
   <published>Apr 11, 2012</published>
   <updated>Apr 11, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">Companies could lower the high cost of large-scale electronic discovery in lawsuits by using a computer application known as predictive coding to reduce the number of documents requiring human review.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG1208.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">How Did the Financial Crisis Affect the U.S. Civil Justice System?</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/occasional_papers/OP353.html</id>
   <published>Mar 5, 2012</published>
   <updated>Mar 5, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">A preliminary assessment of the impact of the financial crisis on the civil justice system finds that litigation demands on some parts of the system have increased, that funding for state courts may be trending downward, and that there have been disruptions in the legal services economy, in the provision of legal aid, and in the operation and staffing of courts.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/occasional_papers/OP353.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Innovations in the Provision of Legal Services in the United States: An Overview for Policymakers</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/occasional_papers/OP354.html</id>
   <published>Oct 26, 2011</published>
   <updated>Oct 26, 2011</updated>
   <summary type="html">Globalization, consolidation, information technology, and litigation financing are changing the way legal services are provided in the United States. This paper offers a framework for examining recent and ongoing innovations in U.S. legal services to aid policymakers in understanding the likely effects of innovations and the role of policy in promoting or deterring innovation, and to provide criteria that policymakers might use to decide whether the advantages of an innovation justify loosening existing restrictions.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/occasional_papers/OP354.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Most Physicians Will Face Malpractice Claims, But Risk of Making Payment Is Low</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9610.html</id>
   <published>Sep 16, 2011</published>
   <updated>Sep 16, 2011</updated>
   <summary type="html">The most comprehensive analysis of the risk of malpractice claims by physician specialty in more than two decades finds that U.S. physicians have a greater than 75% career-long risk of facing litigation. In some specialties, doctors can be virtually certain of a lawsuit over the course of their careers. However, the vast majority of those claims will not result in payment to a plaintiff.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9610.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Links Between Asbestos Bankruptcy Trusts, Tort Cases Examined</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG1104.html</id>
   <published>Aug 18, 2011</published>
   <updated>Aug 18, 2011</updated>
   <summary type="html">Asbestos bankruptcy trusts&amp;mdash;created to compensate people injured by the mineral&amp;mdash;may be influencing tort cases. The current way that the trusts and the tort cases are linked together may result in payments that are not consistent with the basic principles of the tort liability system.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG1104.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Bankruptcy Trusts, Asbestos Compensation, and the Courts</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9603.html</id>
   <published>Aug 18, 2011</published>
   <updated>Aug 18, 2011</updated>
   <summary type="html">People with asbestos injuries are increasingly receiving compensation from trusts set up by bankrupt asbestos defendants. This brief documents how courts handling these cases consider trust payments when determining compensation.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9603.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Links Between Asbestos Bankruptcy Trusts, Tort Cases Examined</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/news/press/2011/08/18.html</id>
   <published>Aug 18, 2011</published>
   <updated>Aug 18, 2011</updated>
   <summary type="html">Asbestos bankruptcy trusts&amp;mdash;created to compensate people injured by the mineral&amp;mdash;may be influencing tort cases. The current way that the trusts and the tort cases are linked together may result in payments that are not consistent with the basic principles of the tort liability system.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/news/press/2011/08/18.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Malpractice Risk According to Physician Specialty</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP201100158.html</id>
   <published>Aug 17, 2011</published>
   <updated>Aug 17, 2011</updated>
   <summary type="html">The likelihood of malpractice suits and the size of indemnity payments vary across specialties, but by age 65, 75% of physicians in low-risk specialties had faced a malpractice claim, as compared with 99% of physicians in high-risk specialties.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP201100158.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Clinical Decision Support and Malpractice Risk</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/commentary/2011/07/06/JAMA.html</id>
   <published>Jul 6, 2011</published>
   <updated>Jul 6, 2011</updated>
   <summary type="html">From the standpoint of policy makers, the basic challenge is to ensure that liability concerns do not derail the clinical value of new CDS technology, write Michael Greenberg and M. Susan Ridgely.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/commentary/2011/07/06/JAMA.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Clinical Decision Support and Malpractice Risk</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP201100137.html</id>
   <published>Jun 30, 2011</published>
   <updated>Jun 30, 2011</updated>
   <summary type="html">Clinical decision support (CDS) refers to electronic technology used to enhance clinical decision making. The basic challenge for policymakers interested in promoting adoption of CDS is to ensure that liability concerns do not derail the clinical value of new CDS technology.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP201100137.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Update to The Sigma Scan</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP201100130.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 2010</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 2010</updated>
   <summary type="html">This external publication is an online database of short Horizon Scanning Centre think-pieces. RAND Europe updated 25% of the papers on this database, to incorporate more recent policy issues, evidence, and developments.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP201100130.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Punitive Damages in Financial Injury Verdicts</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/monograph_reports/MR889/MR889-text.html</id>
   <published></published>
   <updated></updated>
   <summary type="html"></summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monograph_reports/MR889/MR889-text.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Asbestos Bankruptcy Trusts: An Overview of Trust Structure and Activity with Detailed Reports on the Largest Trusts</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR872.html</id>
   <published>Jul 29, 2010</published>
   <updated>Jul 29, 2010</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;While legislative and judicial reforms have made it increasingly difficult to obtain compensation for nonmalignant diseases in the tort system, the trust system remains a source of compensation for such injuries. This report describes the creation, organization, and operation of asbestos personal-injury trusts and compiles publicly available information on the assets, outlays, and governing boards of the 26 largest ones.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR872.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Overview of Alternative Litigation Financing in the United States</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9527.html</id>
   <published>May 13, 2010</published>
   <updated>May 13, 2010</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Provides an overview of U.S. alternative or &amp;ldquo;third-party&amp;rdquo; financing: describes the main types of financing, reviews arguments to limit this activity, begins to analyze its effects on litigation, and suggests lessons for policymakers.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9527.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Alternative Litigation Financing in the United States: Issues, Knowns, and Unknowns</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/occasional_papers/OP306.html</id>
   <published>May 10, 2010</published>
   <updated>May 10, 2010</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Alternative litigation financing (ALF) &amp;mdash; also known as &amp;ldquo;third-party&amp;rdquo; litigation financing &amp;mdash; refers to provision of capital by parties other than plaintiffs, defendants, their lawyers, or defendants&apos; insurers to support litigation-related activity. This paper describes the ALF industry as of early 2010 and discusses the legal ethics, social morality, and, especially, potential economic effects of ALF.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/occasional_papers/OP306.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
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