2012-05-24T14:56:27Z Copyright (c) 2012, The RAND Corporation RAND Corporation http://www.rand.org/topics/climatology.html http://www.rand.org/ise/projects/improvingdecisions.html Feb 1, 2007 Feb 1, 2007

Climate change presents decisionmakers with a fundamental quandary: how to address a potentially serious, long-term, and uncertain threat. A joint project of RAND Infrastructure, Safety, and Environment and the RAND Pardee Center seeks to address this problem through basic research and computer modeling.

http://www.rand.org/commentary/2012/03/08/PALPOST.html Mar 8, 2012 Mar 8, 2012

In case after case, the theory that best fits the data is the one that also leads inexorably to the conclusion that human influence is one of the most important forces currently changing the climate, writes Robert J. Lempert.

http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP201100169.html Jul 31, 2011 Jul 31, 2011

Any successful response to climate change--both the challenges of limiting the magnitude of future climate change and adapting to its impacts--will clearly involve policies that evolve over time in response to new information and that are robust over a wide range of difficult-to-predict future conditions.

http://www.rand.org/commentary/2011/03/30/BGOV.html Mar 30, 2011 Mar 30, 2011

If it were really possible to explain millions of years of Earth data with a theory that doesn't also imply a recent human influence on the climate, some ambitious, self-interested team of scientists somewhere in the world would seek scientific renown by doing so, writes Robert Lempert.

http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP201100254.html Jan 1, 2011 Jan 1, 2011

The authors present the concept of robust decision making (RDM), which draws on already-existing knowledge of practitioners to choose actions that are viable in both the short- and long-term.

http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20090827.html Jul 31, 2009 Jul 31, 2009

This article provides a concise overview of methods for analyzing policy choices that have been used in the study of long-term environmental challenges.

http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20080721.html Dec 31, 2007 Dec 31, 2007

<p>Water managers in Southern California, who grapple with how to address climate change in their near-term and long-term plans, are beginning to seek methods for incorporating such changes in their planning processes.</p>

http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20070822.html Dec 31, 2006 Dec 31, 2006

This study uses a simple computer simulation model to compare several alternative frameworks for decision making under uncertainty&amp;mdash;optimal expected utility, the precautionary principle, and three different approaches to robust decision making&amp;mdash;for addressing the challenge of adding pollution to a lake without triggering unwanted and potentially irreversible eutrophication.

http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20061134.html Oct 31, 2006 Oct 31, 2006

Integrated assessment modeling of global climate change has focused primarily on gradually occurring changes in the climate system. However, atmospheric and earth scientists have become increasingly concerned that the climate system may be subject to abrupt, discontinuous changes on short time scales, and that anthropogenic greenhouse-gas emissions could trigger such shifts.

http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20050336.html Mar 1, 2005 Mar 1, 2005

This study performs a standard econometric analysis on the simulation model outputs from six scenarios from the Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) to assess the extent to which the projected CO 2 and NO x emissions reflect Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) behavior.

http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20040029.html Jan 1, 2004 Jan 1, 2004

Climate-change policy-making confronts a wide range of significant scientific and socioeconomic uncertainties. How experts should best characterize such uncertainties for decision-makers has emerged as an important debate within the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).

http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20020514.html Dec 31, 2001 Dec 31, 2001

<p>This article describes Computer-Assisted Reasoning, an approach to decision-making under conditions of deep uncertainty that is ideally suited to applying complex systems to policy analysis.</p>

http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20020019.html Dec 31, 2001 Dec 31, 2001

<p>In this chapter the authors argue for a different approach to climate-change policy and thus a different use for forecasts. They argue that climate change presents a problem of decision-making under conditions of deep uncertainty. In the face of this uncertainty, robust strategies are ones that will work reasonably well no matter what the future holds.</p>

http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20010719.html Dec 31, 2000 Dec 31, 2000

<p>Decision-makers need to develop a climate policy acceptable to groups with many different estimates of the likelihood of alternative futures, and may tend to rely on strategies that work reasonably well instead of alternatives across a wide range of plausible scenarios. The authors agreed with a recommendation for use of ensembles of multiple scenarios to capture what is known about the long-term climate future.</p>

http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20000044.html Dec 31, 1999 Dec 31, 1999

<p>The authors find that a combined strategy of carbon taxes and technology incentives, as opposed to carbon taxes alone, is the best approach to greenhouse gas emissions reductions if the social benefits of early adoption sufficiently exceed the private benefits.</p>

http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP19610302.html Dec 31, 1960 Dec 31, 1960

<p>The authors reply to comments made by J. M. Malville on the movement of geomagneticall trapped radiation toward lower latitudes on the night side of the earth in relation to observed dumping of auroral particles near magnetic midnight.</p>

http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP19610301.html Dec 31, 1960 Dec 31, 1960

<p>Upper air densities obtained by means of rockets and satellites in the region from 100 to about 800 km are presented.</p>

http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP19610401.html Dec 31, 1960 Dec 31, 1960

<p>Solar stream distortion of the geomagnetic field, polar auroras, electrojets.</p>

http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP19530201.html Dec 31, 1952 Dec 31, 1952

<p>The year 1951-1952 has been a significant one in the history of upper-atmosphere research, not because of any single revelation but because a large number of important research projects started shortly after the end of World War II are reaching fruition and being reported. This report serves as a brief and very general review of the activity in this broad field.</p>

http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP19490401.html Dec 31, 1948 Dec 31, 1948

<p>This paper contains a discussion of the principle of operation of cw Doppler search radar systems and an analysis of their performance capabilities</p>