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     <title>RAND Research Topic: Computer and Information Science and Technology</title>
     <link rel="self" href="http://www.rand.org/topics/computer-and-information-science-and-technology.xml"/>
     <updated>2012-05-24T14:34:49Z</updated>
     <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" hreflang="en" href="http://www.rand.org/topics/computer-and-information-science-and-technology.html" />
     <rights>Copyright (c) 2012, The RAND Corporation</rights>
     <author>
       <name>RAND Corporation</name>
     </author>
     <id>http://www.rand.org/topics/computer-and-information-science-and-technology.html</id>
	 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">The Largest Published Source of Random Digits and Normal Deviates</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/monograph_reports/MR1418.html</id>
   <published>Dec 1, 2001</published>
   <updated>Dec 1, 2001</updated>
   <summary type="html">A product of RAND&apos;s pioneering work in computing, the tables of random numbers in this book have become a standard reference in engineering and econometrics textbooks and have been widely used in gaming and simulations that employ Monte Carlo trials. </summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monograph_reports/MR1418.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Prolific Profanities Seemed to Predict Prominent Protests</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/publications/randreview/issues/2012/spring/tweets.html</id>
   <published>May 11, 2012</published>
   <updated>May 11, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">Twitter and other social media reportedly played a big role in the protests following the 2009 Iranian presidential election. Analysis of word usage in millions of tweets about the election and its aftermath reveals that spikes in the use of swear words could forecast the outbreak of large-scale protests.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/publications/randreview/issues/2012/spring/tweets.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Paul Baran Named Internet Hall of Fame Pioneer</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/blog/2012/04/paul-baran-named-internet-hall-of-fame-pioneer.html</id>
   <published>Apr 25, 2012</published>
   <updated>Apr 25, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">Paul Baran, who helped develop the building blocks of the Internet during the 1960s while working as a researcher at the RAND Corporation, was inducted into the Internet Hall of Fame. He was honored posthumously in the Pioneers Circle with others who were instrumental in the early design and development of the Internet.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/blog/2012/04/paul-baran-named-internet-hall-of-fame-pioneer.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Improving Joint Expeditionary Medical Planning Tools Based on a Patient Flow Approach</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR1003.html</id>
   <published>Apr 24, 2012</published>
   <updated>Apr 24, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">The authors propose a planning concept for U.S. military expeditionary medical care that, by promoting patient flow rate as the common unit of measurement, will help integrate medical planning across treatment and evacuation functions, across the increasing levels of care, and across the different military services.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR1003.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">International Comparisons of Well-Being, Health and Retirement</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/labor/aging/research/projects/international-well-being-and-retirement.html</id>
   <published>Apr 23, 2012</published>
   <updated>Apr 23, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">By using newly available data from more than 15 countries, researchers are analyzing how the interaction between individual behavior, social context, institutions, and policies shapes health and well-being in old age.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/labor/aging/research/projects/international-well-being-and-retirement.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Exploring How the EU Should Establish a Cybercrime Centre</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR1218.html</id>
   <published>Mar 28, 2012</published>
   <updated>Mar 28, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">After visiting EU high tech crime units, conducting interviews with stakeholders, and holding a scenario-based workshop, RAND Europe researchers determined that a European Cybercrime Centre hosted by Europol would bring together input from several different entities and drive a common approach to tackling cybercrime. </summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR1218.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Army Networks Enable Shared Situational Awareness and Unity of Action</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG788.html</id>
   <published>Mar 14, 2012</published>
   <updated>Mar 14, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">The ability of U.S. forces to gather, process, and disseminate battlespace information in a networked fashion has given them an advantage in major combat operations. The Army should extend the network to lower echelons; expand it to include host nation, coalition, and other U.S. government partners; and invest more time in developing informal networks.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG788.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Innovation Networks: More Than Just a Metaphor?</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP201200111.html</id>
   <published>Mar 1, 2012</published>
   <updated>Mar 1, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">Networks are increasingly invoked by contemporary economists as a novel mode of organising human endeavours, somewhere between price markets and command hierarchies, somehow able to produce coordinated coherence. The book emerges from a European Commission project aimed at developing new indicators and measures of innovation.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP201200111.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Cybersecurity: Examining Challenges for the Future</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/randeurope/research/cyber.html</id>
   <published>Feb 29, 2012</published>
   <updated>Feb 29, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">Cyberspace is increasingly important for economic growth, openness, and democracy, but poor cybersecurity can make governments, businesses, and individuals open to cyber attack and cyber crime. RAND Europe conducts a range of research on the topic to advise policymakers.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/randeurope/research/cyber.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Qatar&apos;s Knowledge Economy: Has Its Development Been Balanced?</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20120078.html</id>
   <published>Feb 1, 2012</published>
   <updated>Feb 1, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">The authors adopt a cross-country perspective to assess Qatar&apos;s performance in the various components of the knowledge economy using multiple indicators.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20120078.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Crowdsourcing Based Business Models: In Search of Evidence for Innovation 2.0</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20120053.html</id>
   <published>Jan 1, 2012</published>
   <updated>Jan 1, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">Open innovation has gained increased attention as a potential paradigm for improving innovation performance. This paper addresses crowdsourcing, an under-researched type of open innovation that is often enabled by the web.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20120053.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">The Characteristics of Cyberspace Pose Challenges to Those Who Seek to Defend It</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/occasional_papers/OP342.html</id>
   <published>Dec 22, 2011</published>
   <updated>Dec 22, 2011</updated>
   <summary type="html">It has become clear that Stuxnet-like worms pose a serious threat even to critical U.S. infrastructure and computer systems that are not connected to the Internet. However, defending against such attacks involves complex technological and legal issues.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/occasional_papers/OP342.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">RAND HRS Makes Longitudinal Household Survey Data Accessible to Researchers</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/labor/aging/dataprod.html</id>
   <published>Dec 21, 2011</published>
   <updated>Dec 21, 2011</updated>
   <summary type="html">The Health and Retirement Study is a longitudinal survey of the elderly dating back to 1992. With the support of the National Institute on Aging and Social Security Administration, RAND has made five data sets available for researchers.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/labor/aging/dataprod.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Is al Qaeda&apos;s Internet Strategy Working?</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/testimonies/CT371.html</id>
   <published>Dec 6, 2011</published>
   <updated>Dec 6, 2011</updated>
   <summary type="html">The immediate risks posed by al Qaeda&apos;s online campaign do not justify attempting to impose controls that could be costly to enforce and produce unintended consequences. However, the situation warrants continued monitoring for signals of new dangers.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/testimonies/CT371.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Army Warfighters&apos; Forums Can Be Innovative and Successful</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9630.html</id>
   <published>Dec 5, 2011</published>
   <updated>Dec 5, 2011</updated>
   <summary type="html">Explores leaders&apos; and soldiers&apos; usage of and satisfaction with products and services offered by the Stryker Brigade Combat Team Warfighters&apos; Forum.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9630.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">The impact of information and communication technologies in the Middle East and North Africa</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR1163.html</id>
   <published>Nov 30, 2011</published>
   <updated>Nov 30, 2011</updated>
   <summary type="html">This report explores the impact of information and communication technologies in the Middle East and North Africa region. It provides a series of analyses and inputs to the World Bank that intended to help frame their thinking about ICT use in MENA.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR1163.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">The Modified Kalman Filter Macro: User&apos;s Guide</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR997.html</id>
   <published>Nov 21, 2011</published>
   <updated>Nov 21, 2011</updated>
   <summary type="html">The Modified Kalman Filter approach for pooling information across time and outcomes is shown to improve accuracy in national estimates of health outcomes including cancer, diabetes, and hypertension especially in small racial/ethnic subgroups. The developed SAS macro models true health states in each subgroup assuming a linear time evolution and an autoregressive deviation around such trend. The macro provides multiple options for users.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR997.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Information Systems Technician Rating Stakeholders: Implications for Effective Performance</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR1122.html</id>
   <published>Nov 18, 2011</published>
   <updated>Nov 18, 2011</updated>
   <summary type="html">The relationships among stakeholders involved in manpower, personnel, and training processes for managing the U.S. Navy information systems technician rating are discussed. The authors examine the effects of these different stakeholders on efficiency and effectiveness measures for the information technician community in general and the Consolidated Afloat Networks and Enterprise Services program specifically.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR1122.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Interview with Willis Ware</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/reprints/RP1431.html</id>
   <published>Oct 18, 2011</published>
   <updated>Oct 18, 2011</updated>
   <summary type="html">In this interview, Willis Ware discusses his career in the context of the spread of digital computing since the 1940, including his work on the JOHNNIAC computer at RAND in the 1950s.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/reprints/RP1431.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Improving Soldier and Unit Effectiveness with the Stryker Brigade Combat Team Warfighters&apos; Forum</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR919.html</id>
   <published>Oct 12, 2011</published>
   <updated>Oct 12, 2011</updated>
   <summary type="html">Do leaders and soldiers use the Stryker Brigade Combat Team Warfighters&apos; Forum (SWfF)? Does it meet their needs with its products and services, which include a tactical training tool and a handbook derived from combat returnees&apos; experiences? This study asks how SWfF products are associated with knowledge acquisition and tactical proficiency, and it explores ways in which SWfF, and similar forums, could better support tactical units in the future.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR919.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
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