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     <title>RAND Research Topic: Ear, Nose, and Throat Disorders</title>
     <link rel="self" href="http://www.rand.org/topics/ear-nose-and-throat-disorders.xml"/>
     <updated>2012-05-24T14:13:16Z</updated>
     <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" hreflang="en" href="http://www.rand.org/topics/ear-nose-and-throat-disorders.html" />
     <rights>Copyright (c) 2012, The RAND Corporation</rights>
     <author>
       <name>RAND Corporation</name>
     </author>
     <id>http://www.rand.org/topics/ear-nose-and-throat-disorders.html</id>
	 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Antibiotic Treatment for Ear Infections in Children Provides Modest Benefits and Some Risks</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20100169.html</id>
   <published>Nov 16, 2010</published>
   <updated>Nov 16, 2010</updated>
   <summary type="html">Using antibiotics to treat newly diagnosed acute ear infections among children is modestly more effective than no treatment, but comes with a risk of side effects.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20100169.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Antibiotic Treatment for Ear Infections in Children Provides Modest Benefits and Some Risks</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/news/press/2010/11/16.html</id>
   <published>Nov 15, 2010</published>
   <updated>Nov 15, 2010</updated>
   <summary type="html">Using antibiotics to treat newly diagnosed acute ear infections among children is modestly more effective than no treatment, but comes with a risk of side effects.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/news/press/2010/11/16.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Retail Medical Clinics Can Provide Care at Lower Cost, Similar Quality As Other Medical Settings</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/news/press/2009/08/31.html</id>
   <published>Aug 31, 2009</published>
   <updated>Aug 31, 2009</updated>
   <summary type="html">Retail medical clinics located in pharmacies and other stores can provide care for routine illnesses at a lower cost and similar quality as offered in physician offices, urgent care centers or emergency departments.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/news/press/2009/08/31.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Retail Medical Clinics Attract Patients Who Do Not Have Regular Health Care Providers</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/news/press/2008/09/10.html</id>
   <published>Sep 10, 2008</published>
   <updated>Sep 10, 2008</updated>
   <summary type="html">Retail medical clinics located in pharmacies and other stores typically attract insured and uninsured patients who are seeking help for a small group of easy-to-treat illnesses or preventive care and do not otherwise have a regular health care provider.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/news/press/2008/09/10.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Quality Indicators for the Care of Hearing Loss in Vulnerable Elders</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20071031.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 2006</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 2006</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Hearing loss is one of the most prevalent conditions in the older population, and its prevalence increases progressively with age.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20071031.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Responsiveness of the National Eye Institute Refractive Error Quality of Life Instrument to Surgical Correction of Refractive Error</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20031205.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 2002</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 2002</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;The NEI-RQL is responsive to changes in vision-targeted health-related quality of life resulting from keratorefractive surgery.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20031205.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Screening and Management of Adult Hearing Loss in Primary Care: Scientific Review</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20030406.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 2002</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 2002</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Hearing loss is the third most prevalent chronic condition in older adults and has important effects on their physical and mental health.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20030406.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Evidence Assessment of the Accuracy of Methods of Diagnosing Middle Ear Effusion in Children with Otitis Media with Effusion</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20031203.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 2002</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 2002</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;The authors report the findings of an evidence assessment on the accuracy of methods of diagnosing middle ear effusion in children with otitis media with effusion (OME).&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20031203.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Screening and Management of Adult Hearing Loss in Primary Care: Clinical Applications</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20030407.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 2002</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 2002</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Hearing loss is one of the most common chronic health conditions and has important implications for patient quality of life.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20030407.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Deciding Not to Measure Performance: The Case of Acute Otitis Media</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20030122.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 2002</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 2002</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Additional difficulties beyond feasibility issues may arise in developing a quality of care performance measure.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20030122.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Psychometric Properties of the National Eye Institute-Refractive Error Quality of Life Instrument</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20031206.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 2002</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 2002</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;These results support the reliability and construct validity of the NEI-RQL.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20031206.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Low Levels of Insurance Reimbursement Impede Access to Cochelar Implants</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB4532-1.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 2001</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 2001</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;This research brief describes work documented in &quot;Payment Under Public and Private Insurance and Access to Cochlear Implants,&quot; published in Archives of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Vol. 128, October 2002.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB4532-1.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Diagnosis, Natural History, and Late Effects of Otitis Media with Effusion</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20020615.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 2001</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 2001</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;The evidence compiled in this report is intended to aid clinicians, health care provider organizations, and others to develop clinical practice guidelines or medical review criteria for OME.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20020615.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Evidence Assessment of Management of Acute Otitis Media</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20010814.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 2000</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 2000</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;In 1995, &amp;gt;5 million episodes of acute otitis media (AOM) accounted for $3 billion in health care expenditures.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20010814.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Evidence Assessment of Management of Acute Otitis Media</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20010816.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 2000</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 2000</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;To report research gaps and priorities of future research identified during an evidence assessment process on the management of acute otitis media (AOM).&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20010816.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Management of Acute Otitis Media</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20010522.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 2000</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 2000</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Acute Otitis Media (AOM) is one of the most common diagnoses of childhood and is responsible for significant morbidity and use of health care services.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20010522.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">The Relationship of Self-Rated Vision and Hearing to Functional Status and Well-Being Among Seniors 70 Years and Older</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP19990406.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 1998</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 1998</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Visual and hearing impairment appear to have a significant relationship to overall functioning in the oldest old. By confirming these findings across income and household wealth groups in a nationally representative population of Americans age 70 years or older, this study provides a powerful added impetus to efforts for improving vision and hearing for all other Americans, including the oldest old.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP19990406.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">The Medical Appropriateness of Tympanostomy Tubes Proposed for Children Younger Than 16 Years in the United States</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP19940024.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 1993</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 1993</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Describes the clinical reasons tympanostomy tubes are proposed for children and assesses their appropriateness.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP19940024.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Statistical Quantification of 24-Hour and Monthly Variabilities of Spontaneous Otoacoustic Emission Frequency in Humans</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP19930005.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 1992</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 1992</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Results from the two experiments provide quantitative evidence supporting a hypothetical relationship between SOAE&apos;s and established, biological cycles.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP19930005.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Medical Disorders Series : Volume 2: Codebook for Children at Enrollment and Exit</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/notes/N2446z2.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 1986</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 1986</updated>
   <summary type="html">Describes the contents of a data file on child medical disorders from the Health Insurance Experiment (HIE), a major social experiment conducted by The RAND Corporation from 1974 to 1982.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/notes/N2446z2.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
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