Epidemiology

Contents:

Research conducted by: RAND Health

All Items (73)

RESEARCH BRIEF

Are Breast Implants Linked to a Rare Form of Lymphoma? — Apr 20, 2011

A review of the scientific literature suggests that breast implants are associated with a rare form of lymphoma, but an expert panel believes that the disease can be managed by surgical removal of the implant.

JOURNAL ARTICLE

Link Between Breast Implants and Rare Lymphoma Confirmed, Reassurance on Prognosis Offered — Apr 19, 2011

Breast implants appear to be associated with a rare form of lymphoma, but there is not yet evidence to show that the cancer is caused by implants or to suggest an underlying mechanism for how the disease might develop.

NEWS RELEASE

Link Between Breast Implants and Rare Lymphoma Confirmed, Reassurance on Prognosis Offered — Apr 19, 2011

Breast implants appear to be associated with a rare form of lymphoma, but there is not yet evidence to show that the cancer is caused by implants or to suggest an underlying mechanism for how the disease might develop.

JOURNAL ARTICLE

Addiction Research Centres and the Nurturing of Creativity: RAND's Drug Policy Research Center — Feb 6, 2011

This paper provides a look back at the creation, evolution and growth of the RAND Drug Policy Research Center (DPRC).

JOURNAL ARTICLE

Small Area Variations in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: Does the Neighborhood Matter? — Jun 30, 2010

Using surveillance data, researchers identified neighborhoods in a Georgia county with a persistently high incidence of cardiac arrest and low rates of bystander CPR. Such neighborhoods are promising targets for community-based interventions.

REPORT

Harnessing Full Value from the DoD Serum Repository and the Defense Medical Surveillance System — Jun 30, 2010

The Army manages the Department of Defense Serum Repository (DoDSR) of over 43 million serum samples and the associated Defense Medical Surveillance System (DMSS) database, whose primary use is for military health surveillance. RAND Arroyo Center examined the current capabilities of these resources to identify gaps and suggest strategies to improve their ability to meet current and future military health needs.

JOURNAL ARTICLE

Social Networks of PLHA in Uganda: Implications for Mobilizing PLHA as Agents for Prevention — May 24, 2010

People living with HIV/AIDS in Uganda have social networks that enable them to feel fairly protected and supported in discussing HIV and prevention, and those on antiretroviral treatment may be better prepared to act as prevention advocates.

JOURNAL ARTICLE

Do Smokers Crave Cigarettes in Some Smoking Situations More Than Others? Situational Correlates of Craving When Smoking — Dec 31, 2009

The authors examine variations in craving when people were smoking in various real-world situations.

JOURNAL ARTICLE

Practice Redesign to Improve Care for Falls and Urinary Incontinence: Primary Care Intervention for Older Patients — Dec 31, 2009

Redesign of primary care practices, based on quality indicators from the Assessing Care of Vulnerable Elders project, improved care for older patients with falls and urinary incontinence.

JOURNAL ARTICLE

Disparate Prevalence Estimates of PTSD Among Service Members Who Served in Iraq and Afghanistan: Possible Explanations — Dec 31, 2009

The authors reviewed 29 studies that provide prevalence estimates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among service members previously deployed to Operations Enduring and Iraqi Freedom and their non-U.S. military counterparts. Combat exposure is the only correlate consistently associated with PTSD.

JOURNAL ARTICLE

Moving from Ethnography to Epidemiology: Lessons Learned in Appalachia — Dec 31, 2008

Describes lessons learned in the creation and administration of the Life Trajectory Interview for Youth, an ethnographically-based instrument to assess the life course perspectives of Appalachian youth, and explores its utility in predicting depression and negative life events.

JOURNAL ARTICLE

Race and Sex Differences in the Receipt of Timely and Appropriate Lung Cancer Treatment — Dec 31, 2008

Evaluates the relationship of sex and race with the receipt of timely and clinically appropriate non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment for each stage of diagnosis using Surveillance Epidemiology and End Result data linked to Medicare claims for beneficiaries diagnosed with NSCLC between 1995 and 1999 while controlling for other demographic characteristics, comorbidities, socioeconomic status, and provider supply.

JOURNAL ARTICLE

Obesity and the Built Environment: Changes in Environmental Cues Cause Energy Imbalances — Nov 30, 2008

This paper reviews documented changes in the food environment, changes in the physical activity environment and the mechanisms through which people respond to these environments, often without conscious awareness or control.

REPORT

Three Papers in International Health Policy: Modeling the Links Between Economics and Epidemiology — Jun 2, 2008

Discusses the benefits of linking epidemiological modeling with international health resource allocation decisions and examines experimental models of influenza outbreak and antiretroviral policy in India.

JOURNAL ARTICLE

Scope of Rapid HIV Testing in Private Nonprofit Urban Community Health Settings in the United States — Dec 31, 2007

The authors examined patterns of rapid HIV testing in a multistage national random sample of private, nonprofit, urban community clinics and community-based organizations to determine the extent of rapid HIV test availability outside the public health system.

JOURNAL ARTICLE

Alcohol Outlet Density and Alcohol Consumption in Los Angeles County and Southern Louisiana — Dec 31, 2007

Assesses the relationship between alcohol availability and consumption in Los Angeles county and southern Louisiana, U.S.A. Alcohol outlet density was associated with the quantity of consumption among drinkers in Louisiana but not in Los Angeles

JOURNAL ARTICLE

Iodine Deficiency and Its Association with Intelligence Quotient in Schoolchildren from Colima, Mexico — Dec 31, 2007

To determine the prevalence of iodine deficiency, its causes and its association with intelligence quotient (IQ) in Mexican schoolchildren.

JOURNAL ARTICLE

An Exploration of Urban and Rural Differences in Lung Cancer Survival Among Medicare Beneficiaries — Dec 31, 2007

The authors explore the ways in which the assistance and resources provided by Edison (including diverse professional development opportunities, materials, technology, and other tools), as well as accountability mechanisms (such as monitoring and rewards), have translated into principal and teacher actions, and the factors that facilitated or constrained educators' efforts to implement the Edison design and improve teaching and learning.

JOURNAL ARTICLE

A Discrete Time Hazards Model of Smoking Initiation Among West Coast Youth from Age 5 to 23 — Dec 31, 2006

The impact of demographic and family influence factors on smoking initiation varies over time. However, the maximum risk for initiation is during the early teen years, and the range of considerable vulnerability is during middle school and high school.

JOURNAL ARTICLE

Prevalence of Depression-Ptsd Comorbidity: Implications for Clinical Practice Guidelines and Primary Care-Based Interventions — Dec 31, 2006

PTSD is more common among depressed primary care patients than previously thought.

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Researcher Spotlight

Melinda Moore

Associate Director for Global Public Health, Global Health Initiative, RAND Health

Melinda Moore

Melinda Moore is a public health physician and senior natural scientist at the RAND Corporation. Before joining RAND, Moore served with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for 20 years and the Department of Health and Human Services' Office Global Health Affairs for 5 years. Her…

Daniel Kim

Associate Social Policy Scientist

Daniel Kim is an associate social policy scientist at the RAND Corporation, where his research focuses on the social determinants of health. He is principal investigator of a project estimating the effects of neighborhood socioeconomic characteristics on coronary heart disease incidence and…

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