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     <title>RAND Research Topic: Finance</title>
     <link rel="self" href="http://www.rand.org/topics/finance.xml"/>
     <updated>2012-05-24T14:32:45Z</updated>
     <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" hreflang="en" href="http://www.rand.org/topics/finance.html" />
     <rights>Copyright (c) 2012, The RAND Corporation</rights>
     <author>
       <name>RAND Corporation</name>
     </author>
     <id>http://www.rand.org/topics/finance.html</id>
	 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">RAND Behavioral Finance Forum: The Promise and Challenge of Evidence-Based Policy and Practice</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/events/2012/06/01/event.html</id>
   <published>Jun 1, 2012</published>
   <updated>Jun 1, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">The BeFi Public Policy Roundtable brings together the brightest minds in behavioral finance to discuss research that combines behavioral science and cognitive psychology with economics and finance.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/events/2012/06/01/event.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Questions After the First U.S. Bank Takeover by a Chinese State-Controlled Company</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/commentary/2012/05/15/RAND.html</id>
   <published>May 15, 2012</published>
   <updated>May 15, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">In considering foreign application to acquire U.S. companies, the United States needs to consider both risks as well as benefits in both defense and economic dimensions, write Charles Wolf, Jr., Brian Chow, Gregory Jones, and Scott Harold.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/commentary/2012/05/15/RAND.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">New Findings on the Unbanked in America: Results from the 2011 American Life Panel Survey</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/occasional_papers/OP369-1.html</id>
   <published>May 8, 2012</published>
   <updated>May 8, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">The fraction of American households that have no bank accounts has long been a concern for policymakers. Estimates from a nationally representative sample, RAND&apos;s American Life Panel, suggest that in 2011: 15.5 percent of the population is unbanked; socioeconomically disadvantaged individuals are more likely to be unbanked; unbanked respondents cite financial barriers and personal preference as reasons for not having a bank account.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/occasional_papers/OP369-1.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">What Economic and Health Effects Has the Financial Crisis Had on Older Households?</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/labor/aging/research/projects/economic-crisis-older-households.html</id>
   <published>Apr 27, 2012</published>
   <updated>Apr 27, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">What effect has the financial crisis had on households and health? RAND researchers seek to quantify the effects of the crisis on older U.S. households, and the adjustments made in response. With this information, they aim to determine whether downturns in economic status are associated with declines in health.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/labor/aging/research/projects/economic-crisis-older-households.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Does 401(k) Auto-Enrollment Help Low-Income Households?</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/labor/centers/financial-literacy/projects/low-income-households-401k-auto-enrollment.html</id>
   <published>Mar 6, 2012</published>
   <updated>Mar 6, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">People with low levels of financial literacy are more easily influenced by the default settings of employee savings plans. The Financial Literacy Center is measuring differences in default effects for employees at companies with auto-enrollment retirement plans, focusing on differential behavior by income.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/labor/centers/financial-literacy/projects/low-income-households-401k-auto-enrollment.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">How Did the Financial Crisis Affect the U.S. Civil Justice System?</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/occasional_papers/OP353.html</id>
   <published>Mar 5, 2012</published>
   <updated>Mar 5, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">A preliminary assessment of the impact of the financial crisis on the civil justice system finds that litigation demands on some parts of the system have increased, that funding for state courts may be trending downward, and that there have been disruptions in the legal services economy, in the provision of legal aid, and in the operation and staffing of courts.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/occasional_papers/OP353.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Improving Legal Immigrants&apos; Access to Financial Services</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/labor/centers/financial-literacy/projects/improving-access-financial-services-immigrants.html</id>
   <published>Feb 17, 2012</published>
   <updated>Feb 17, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">Immigrants are less likely than native-born individuals to use banking services or to participate in formal retirement savings programs. The Financial Literacy Center is identifying the main barriers to these services and developing and testing new products to help improve access.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/labor/centers/financial-literacy/projects/improving-access-financial-services-immigrants.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Does Understanding the Relation Between Retirement Contributions and Future Monthly Income Encourage Savings?</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/working_briefs/WB113.html</id>
   <published>Feb 10, 2012</published>
   <updated>Feb 10, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">Uses a large-scale field experiment to measure whether people save more if they are better able to understand the relationship between the amount they contribute to a retirement plan and their annual income in retirement.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/working_briefs/WB113.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Barriers to Immigrant Use of Financial Services</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/labor/centers/clasp/research/projects/immigrant-financial-service-barriers.html</id>
   <published>Feb 8, 2012</published>
   <updated>Feb 8, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">Hispanic immigrants constitute a rapidly growing share of the U.S. population but are less likely to be financially literate than natives. RAND researchers are investigating barriers to Hispanic immigrants&apos; use of financial services and evaluates financial education materials for them.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/labor/centers/clasp/research/projects/immigrant-financial-service-barriers.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Informing the Choice Between Lump Sums and Retirement Annuity Payouts</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/labor/centers/financial-literacy/projects/choice-between-lump-sums-retirement-annuity-payouts.html</id>
   <published>Feb 3, 2012</published>
   <updated>Feb 3, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">Households annuitize very little of their retirement savings. The Financial Literacy Center is studying the annuitization choices of retiring workers, designing and implementing new communication strategies that will raise acceptance of annuities, and examining the effectiveness of these strategies.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/labor/centers/financial-literacy/projects/choice-between-lump-sums-retirement-annuity-payouts.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Understanding How People Value the Social Security Annuity</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/labor/centers/financial-literacy/projects/valuing-social-security-annuity.html</id>
   <published>Jan 27, 2012</published>
   <updated>Jan 27, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">Currently, few Americans opt to annuitize their Social Security payments. A better understanding of individuals&apos; preferences for annuitization, obtained via a stated-preference survey, can inform the debate on Social Security reform.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/labor/centers/financial-literacy/projects/valuing-social-security-annuity.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Fiscal Consolidation and Budget Reform in Korea: The Role of the National Assembly</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/occasional_papers/OP348.html</id>
   <published>Jan 19, 2012</published>
   <updated>Jan 19, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">Budgetary pressures imposed by Korea&apos;s rapidly aging population and declining fertility rates underscore the urgency of a medium-term fiscal consolidation framework. The author presents a plan for fiscal consolidation and budget reform in which a new parliamentary budget process would be established, centered on a fiscally constrained budget resolution that would be scheduled for adoption prior to consideration of revenue or spending bills.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/occasional_papers/OP348.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Refining and Evaluating a Financial &quot;Bootcamp&quot; for Women</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/labor/centers/financial-literacy/projects/financial-bootcamp.html</id>
   <published>Jan 6, 2012</published>
   <updated>Jan 6, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">Women continue to lag behind men, not only in income, but in overall financial capability and retirement preparedness. A financial &quot;bootcamp&quot; may hold promise as a financial education program for early to mid-career women.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/labor/centers/financial-literacy/projects/financial-bootcamp.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">401(k) Loan Defaults: Who Is at Risk and Why?</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/working_briefs/WB112.html</id>
   <published>Dec 28, 2011</published>
   <updated>Dec 28, 2011</updated>
   <summary type="html">Many 401(k) retirement plans allow participants to take loans from their accounts before they retire. However, if they have not paid them off before leaving their jobs, they must pay them in full immediately. This study quantifies how many people take out loans and, of those, how many default. It proposes changes in retirement policy to reduce the financial risk posed by these loans, particularly for vulnerable groups.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/working_briefs/WB112.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">RAND HRS Makes Longitudinal Household Survey Data Accessible to Researchers</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/labor/aging/dataprod.html</id>
   <published>Dec 21, 2011</published>
   <updated>Dec 21, 2011</updated>
   <summary type="html">The Health and Retirement Study is a longitudinal survey of the elderly dating back to 1992. With the support of the National Institute on Aging and Social Security Administration, RAND has made five data sets available for researchers.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/labor/aging/dataprod.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">What Are the Real-World Framing Influences on Retirement Claiming Behavior?</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/labor/centers/financial-literacy/projects/framing-peer-retirement-2.html</id>
   <published>Dec 14, 2011</published>
   <updated>Dec 14, 2011</updated>
   <summary type="html">Research suggests that many individuals claim Social Security retirement benefits at younger ages than may be optimal. The Financial Literacy Center is evaluating alternative ways to convey information about when to claim benefits and offering advice to enhance the Social Security Administration&apos;s online claiming website.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/labor/centers/financial-literacy/projects/framing-peer-retirement-2.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Effects of Lifetime Income Disclosure on Retirement Saving</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/labor/centers/financial-literacy/projects/effects-lifetime-income-disclosure-retirement-saving.html</id>
   <published>Dec 14, 2011</published>
   <updated>Dec 14, 2011</updated>
   <summary type="html">People have difficulty understanding how much money they must accumulate in their working years to create a sufficient stream of income once they retire. The Financial Literacy Center is exploring whether disclosing information about the monthly retirement income stream resulting from an individual&apos;s retirement account will change savings behavior.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/labor/centers/financial-literacy/projects/effects-lifetime-income-disclosure-retirement-saving.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Understanding the Geography of Financial Literacy in the U.S.</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/labor/centers/financial-literacy/projects/geography-financial-literacy.html</id>
   <published>Nov 18, 2011</published>
   <updated>Nov 18, 2011</updated>
   <summary type="html">Results from the National Financial Capability Survey show the majority of Americans lack basic numeracy and knowledge of fundamental economic principles. The Financial Literacy Center is analyzing the raw survey data to construct an atlas of financial literacy among U.S. states and among some demographic groups.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/labor/centers/financial-literacy/projects/geography-financial-literacy.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Can Commitment Savings Help Americans Be Better Prepared for Retirement?</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/labor/centers/financial-literacy/projects/commitment-savings.html</id>
   <published>Nov 11, 2011</published>
   <updated>Nov 11, 2011</updated>
   <summary type="html">Many households use commitment devices such as monthly mortgage payments, Social Security, and payroll 401(k) deductions to help them save. The Financial Literacy Center is trying to design a &quot;new and improved&quot; 401(k) that offers a better combination of liquidity and commitment than the current defined contribution pension.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/labor/centers/financial-literacy/projects/commitment-savings.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Encouraging Better Financial Decisionmaking Among Low-Income and Minority Groups</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/labor/centers/financial-literacy/projects/decisionmaking-low-income-minority-2.html</id>
   <published>Nov 8, 2011</published>
   <updated>Nov 8, 2011</updated>
   <summary type="html">Building on two video games it designed to build financial skills among low-income women, the Financial Literacy Center is now re-creating those games for Spanish-speaking players. </summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/labor/centers/financial-literacy/projects/decisionmaking-low-income-minority-2.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
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