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     <title>RAND Research Topic: Health Legislation</title>
     <link rel="self" href="http://www.rand.org/topics/health-legislation.xml"/>
     <updated>2012-05-24T20:43:32Z</updated>
     <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" hreflang="en" href="http://www.rand.org/topics/health-legislation.html" />
     <rights>Copyright (c) 2012, The RAND Corporation</rights>
     <author>
       <name>RAND Corporation</name>
     </author>
     <id>http://www.rand.org/topics/health-legislation.html</id>
	 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Eliminating Individual Mandate Would Decrease Coverage, Increase Spending</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/publications/randreview/issues/2012/spring/news2.html</id>
   <published>May 11, 2012</published>
   <updated>May 11, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">If the individual mandate requiring all Americans to have health insurance were eliminated, it would sharply reduce the number of people gaining coverage and slightly increase the cost for those who do buy policies through the new insurance exchanges.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/publications/randreview/issues/2012/spring/news2.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Expanding Consumer-Directed Health Plans Could Help Cut Overall Health Care Spending</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP201200104.html</id>
   <published>May 7, 2012</published>
   <updated>May 7, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">If consumer-directed health plans grow to account for half of all employer-sponsored insurance in the United States, health costs could drop by $57 billion annually&amp;mdash;about 4 percent of all health care spending among the nonelderly.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP201200104.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Would the Affordable Care Act Lead to Reductions in Employer-Sponsored Coverage?</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/blog/2012/05/would-the-affordable-care-act-lead-to-reductions-in.html</id>
   <published>May 4, 2012</published>
   <updated>May 4, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">As the U.S. Supreme Court considers the constitutionality of the Affordable Care Act&apos;s (ACA) individual mandate, one of the questions being debated is what effect the mandate would have on employer-sponsored health insurance coverage. A factor to consider in this is the effect the ACA would have on small businesses, which employ the majority of America&apos;s private-sector workforce.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/blog/2012/05/would-the-affordable-care-act-lead-to-reductions-in.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">What Happens Without the Individual Mandate?</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/commentary/2012/03/21/USAT.html</id>
   <published>Mar 21, 2012</published>
   <updated>Mar 21, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">If the individual mandate were ruled unconstitutional, subsidies and the age structure of premiums should keep enough healthy people in the insurance exchanges to prevent huge spikes in premiums, write Carter C. Price and Christine Eibner.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/commentary/2012/03/21/USAT.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Will Health Care Reform Impact Applications for Disability Benefits?</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/labor/centers/cdr/projects/health-care-reform-and-disability-insurance.html</id>
   <published>Mar 12, 2012</published>
   <updated>Mar 12, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">As the Affordable Care Act expands health insurance coverage in the U.S., the &quot;cost&quot; of applying for SSDI will decline for many. Studying the effect of  Massachusetts health care reform in 2006 may provide insights into the impact the ACA may have on SSDI applications and awards. </summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/labor/centers/cdr/projects/health-care-reform-and-disability-insurance.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Do Small-Group Health Insurance Regulations Influence Small Business Size?</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20120043.html</id>
   <published>Mar 1, 2012</published>
   <updated>Mar 1, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">State small-group health insurance reforms, implemented in the 1990s, aimed at controlling the variability of health insurance premiums and to improve access to health insurance. These reforms only affected firms within a specific size range, and as a result, they may have affected the size of small firms around the legislative threshold and may also have affected the propensity of small firms to offer health insurance.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20120043.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Ending Individual Mandate Would Cut Health Coverage, but Not Dramatically Hike Insurance Price</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR1221.html</id>
   <published>Feb 15, 2012</published>
   <updated>Feb 15, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">Eliminating a key part of health care reform that requires all Americans to have health insurance would sharply lower the number of people gaining coverage, but would not dramatically increase the cost of buying policies through new insurance exchanges.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR1221.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">How Would Eliminating the Individual Mandate Affect Health Coverage and Premium Costs?</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9646.html</id>
   <published>Feb 15, 2012</published>
   <updated>Feb 15, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">An analysis of the effects of implementing the Affordable Care Act without an individual mandate found that over 12 million people who would have otherwise signed up for coverage will be uninsured and premium prices will increase by 2.4 percent.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9646.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Ending Individual Mandate Would Cut Health Coverage, but Not Dramatically Hike Insurance Price</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/news/press/2012/02/16.html</id>
   <published>Feb 15, 2012</published>
   <updated>Feb 15, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">Eliminating a key part of health care reform that requires all Americans to have health insurance would sharply lower the number of people gaining coverage, but would not dramatically increase the cost of buying policies through new insurance exchanges.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/news/press/2012/02/16.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Rules Allowing Small Businesses to Opt Out of Health Reform Should Have Minor Impact on Insurance Cost</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP201100293.html</id>
   <published>Feb 8, 2012</published>
   <updated>Feb 8, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">Rules that allow some small employers to avoid regulation under the federal Affordable Care Act are unlikely to have a major impact on the future cost of health insurance unless those rules are relaxed to allow more businesses to opt out.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP201100293.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Rules Allowing Small Businesses to Opt Out of Health Reform Should Have Minor Impact on Insurance Cost</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/news/press/2012/02/08/index2.html</id>
   <published>Feb 8, 2012</published>
   <updated>Feb 8, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">Rules that allow some small employers to avoid regulation under the federal Affordable Care Act are unlikely to have a major impact on the future cost of health insurance unless those rules are relaxed to allow more businesses to opt out.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/news/press/2012/02/08/index2.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Sources of Regional Variation in Medicare Part D Drug Spending</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20120031.html</id>
   <published>Feb 1, 2012</published>
   <updated>Feb 1, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">Regional variation in Medicare Part D spending for prescription drugs results largely from differences in the cost of drugs selected rather than prescription volume.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20120031.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">How Will the Effects of the Affordable Care Act Be Monitored?</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/commentary/2012/01/04/JAMA.html</id>
   <published>Jan 4, 2012</published>
   <updated>Jan 4, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">Most will agree with the undeniable fact that a new era in US medicine and US health care begins in less than 2 years. The key question is what potential measures should be monitored to determine both anticipated and unanticipated effects of the new law on the health of the US population, writes Robert H. Brook.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/commentary/2012/01/04/JAMA.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Two Years and Counting: How Will the Effects of the Affordable Care Act Be Monitored?</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20120004.html</id>
   <published>Jan 1, 2012</published>
   <updated>Jan 1, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">The Affordable Care Act marks a new era in US health care and US medicine.  This commentary suggests ways to monitor the act&apos;s effect on the health of the US population.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20120004.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Take-up of Public Insurance and Crowd-Out of Private Insurance Under Recent CHIP Expansions to Higher Income Children</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20120099.html</id>
   <published>Jan 1, 2012</published>
   <updated>Jan 1, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">The CHIP expansions to children in higher income families were associated with limited uptake of public coverage.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20120099.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">How Does Health Reform Affect the Health Care Workforce? Lessons from Massachusetts</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9635.html</id>
   <published>Dec 13, 2011</published>
   <updated>Dec 13, 2011</updated>
   <summary type="html">Since Massachusetts enacted health reform legislation in 2006, health care employment in the state has grown more rapidly than in the rest of the United States, primarily in administrative positions.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9635.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Can the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute Become Relevant to Controlling Medical Costs and Improving Value?</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/commentary/2011/11/09/JAMA.html</id>
   <published>Nov 9, 2011</published>
   <updated>Nov 9, 2011</updated>
   <summary type="html">A scientific and political case could be made to amend health care legislation to require that cost be included in the studies that the PCORI funds, writes Robert H. Brook.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/commentary/2011/11/09/JAMA.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Next Big Obstacle for Obama&apos;s Affordable Care Act? It&apos;s Not Just the Supreme Court</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/commentary/2011/10/03/CSM.html</id>
   <published>Oct 3, 2011</published>
   <updated>Oct 3, 2011</updated>
   <summary type="html">The success of the Affordable Care Act to enroll those newly eligible in an appropriate insurance plan depends on clear communication to individuals who have limited health literacy, write Laurie T. Martin and Ruth M. Parker.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/commentary/2011/10/03/CSM.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Policy Options for Addressing Medicare Payment Differentials Across Ambulatory Settings</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR979.html</id>
   <published>Sep 30, 2011</published>
   <updated>Sep 30, 2011</updated>
   <summary type="html">Under Medicare, many health care services can be provided in a range of ambulatory settings, but payment differentials exist for the facility-related components of care. Building on prior RAND analyses, this report presents options for modifying Medicare payment policies to improve the value of services and to address cost and payment differentials for similar services provided in various ambulatory settings.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR979.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Power to the People: The Role of Consumer-Controlled Personal Health Management Systems in the Evolution of Employer-Based Health Care Benefits</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/occasional_papers/OP352.html</id>
   <published>Sep 13, 2011</published>
   <updated>Sep 13, 2011</updated>
   <summary type="html">The passage of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act has piqued employers&apos; interest in new benefit designs because it includes numerous provisions that favor cost-reducing strategies. This paper reviews consumer-controlled personal health management systems (HMSs) that provide health information management, promotion of wellness and healthy lifestyles, and decision support.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/occasional_papers/OP352.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
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