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     <title>RAND Research Topic: Infants</title>
     <link rel="self" href="http://www.rand.org/topics/infants.xml"/>
     <updated>2012-05-24T14:06:30Z</updated>
     <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" hreflang="en" href="http://www.rand.org/topics/infants.html" />
     <rights>Copyright (c) 2012, The RAND Corporation</rights>
     <author>
       <name>RAND Corporation</name>
     </author>
     <id>http://www.rand.org/topics/infants.html</id>
	 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">How Would Programs Rate Under California&amp;rsquo;s Proposed Quality Rating and Improvement System? Evidence from Statewide and County Data on Early Care and Education Program Quality</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/documented_briefings/DB647.html</id>
   <published>May 1, 2012</published>
   <updated>May 1, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">This briefing uses existing statewide and county data to provide California early care and education quality rating and improvement system (QRIS) planners and other stakeholders with important information about some fundamentals of the proposed QRIS rating scheme that could inform California&apos;s QRIS design in advance of field-based pilot efforts.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/documented_briefings/DB647.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Improving the Professional Development System for California&apos;s Early Child Education Workforce</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG1188.html</id>
   <published>Feb 28, 2012</published>
   <updated>Feb 28, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">California has taken steps to implement components of a comprehensive professional development system for its early child education workforce. However, further advances are needed and more information is required to identify possible inefficiencies in the current system. </summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG1188.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">The Use of Early Care and Education by California Families</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/occasional_papers/OP356.html</id>
   <published>Feb 28, 2012</published>
   <updated>Feb 28, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">Uses two sources of representative data, the 2005 National Household Education Survey and the 2007 RAND California Preschool Study, to describe child care and early learning arrangements for the approximately 2.8 million California children ages 0 to 5 who are younger than the age at which they would enter kindergarten.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/occasional_papers/OP356.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Moving to Outcomes: Approaches to Incorporating Child Assessments into State Early Childhood Quality Rating and Improvement Systems</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/occasional_papers/OP364.html</id>
   <published>Feb 28, 2012</published>
   <updated>Feb 28, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">Better child outcomes are the ultimate goal of early care and education (ECE) quality improvement (QI) efforts, but assessing these outcomes is difficult and rarely done. This study identifies five strategies for incorporating child assessments into the design, implementation, and evaluation of QI initiatives such as quality rating and improvement systems. The study assesses the merits of each strategy and offers guidance for its use.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/occasional_papers/OP364.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Advancing the Professional Development System for California&apos;s Early Care and Education Workforce</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9638.html</id>
   <published>Feb 28, 2012</published>
   <updated>Feb 28, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">Offers recommendations for improving the education and training of California&apos;s early childhood workforce.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9638.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Incorporating Child Assessments into State Early Childhood Quality Improvement Initiatives</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9639.html</id>
   <published>Feb 28, 2012</published>
   <updated>Feb 28, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">Identifies five strategies for incorporating child assessments into the design, implementation, and evaluation of initiatives designed to raise the quality of care in early care and education settings such as quality rating and improvement systems.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9639.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Employment, Family Leave, and Parents of Newborns or Seriously Ill Children</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP201200106.html</id>
   <published>Jan 1, 2012</published>
   <updated>Jan 1, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">Parents of newborns and seriously ill children often know about family leave options, but are too overwhelmed to apply for them. Most parents interviewed in this study wanted expert guidance and saw hospitals and clinics as promising information sources.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP201200106.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Can Health Care Information Technology Save Babies?</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP201100103.html</id>
   <published>Mar 31, 2011</published>
   <updated>Mar 31, 2011</updated>
   <summary type="html">Using a 12-year county-level panel, this study found that a 10 percent increase in births that occur in hospitals with electronic medical records reduces neonatal mortality by 16 deaths per 100,000 live births.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP201100103.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Survey Data Provide Insights into Malaysian Family Life</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/labor/FLS/MFLS.html</id>
   <published>Sep 17, 2010</published>
   <updated>Sep 17, 2010</updated>
   <summary type="html">The Malaysian Family Life Surveys were conducted in 1976-1977 and 1988-1989. The surveys collected detailed current and retrospective information on family structure, fertility, economic status, education, and more from a partially-overlapping sample of more than 4,000 individuals and households.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/labor/FLS/MFLS.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Survey Examines Rural Guatemalan Attitudes toward Childhood Illness and Pregnancy</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/labor/FLS/EGSF.html</id>
   <published>Sep 15, 2010</published>
   <updated>Sep 15, 2010</updated>
   <summary type="html">The Guatemalan Survey of Family Health was designed to examine the way in which rural Guatemalan families and individuals cope with childhood illness and pregnancy, and the role of ethnicity, poverty, social support, and health beliefs in this process.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/labor/FLS/EGSF.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Does Europe have enough babies?</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/corporate_pubs/CP602z1.html</id>
   <published>Mar 11, 2010</published>
   <updated>Mar 11, 2010</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;What can governments do to address the demographic challenge? RAND Europe examines population ageing: consequences and possible solutions.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/corporate_pubs/CP602z1.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Endowments and Parental Investments in Infancy and Early Childhood</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20100023.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 2009</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 2009</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;This article tests whether parents reinforce or compensate for child endowments.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20100023.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Rural Hospitals Struggle to Attract Patients and Remain Viable</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9478.html</id>
   <published>Oct 9, 2009</published>
   <updated>Oct 9, 2009</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Describes the characteristics of rural hospitals and those who use them and discusses the challenges these hospitals face.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9478.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Which Factors Explain the Decline in Infant and Child Mortality in Matlab, Bangladesh?</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20090326.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 2008</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 2008</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;The authors use data from the Matlab Demographic Surveillance System on nearly 94,000 singleton live births that occurred between 1987 and 2002 to investigate the extent to which the change in mortality over this period can be explained by changes in repr&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20090326.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Birth Weight Effects on Children&apos;s Mental, Motor, and Physical Development: Evidence from Twins Data</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20091104.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 2008</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 2008</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Determine the effect of very low birth weight (VLBW; &lt;1500 g) and moderately low birth weight (MLBW; 1500-2499 g) on children&apos;s mental and motor development and physical growth during the first 2 years of life and whether VLBW and MLBW babies catch up to normal birth weight (NBW; &gt;/=2500 g) children by age 2.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20091104.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Factors Influencing the Enrollment of Eligible Extremely-Low-Birth-Weight Children in the Part C Early Intervention Program</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20090713.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 2008</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 2008</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Moderate iodine deficiency in Mexican schoolchildren was associated with a 4.26 times higher risk of low IQ. More attention is needed to ensure effective salt iodination processes.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20090713.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Meeting Family and Military Needs Through Military Child Care</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20090428.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 2008</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 2008</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;This article summarizes results from a child care survey of military families conducted by the RAND Corporation in 2004 and draws policy implications for the military child care system.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20090428.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">The Response of Household Parental Investment to Child Endowments</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20081401.html</id>
   <published>Sep 1, 2008</published>
   <updated>Sep 1, 2008</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;The empirical results of this paper imply that such household parental investments compensate for low endowments, as proxied by low birth weight.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20081401.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">RAND Review, Spring 2008: Baby Steps</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/corporate_pubs/CP22-2008-04.html</id>
   <published>Apr 30, 2008</published>
   <updated>Apr 30, 2008</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;The Spring 2008 issue of RAND Review compares neonatal services across the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada, Australia, and Sweden, discusses water resources management, U.S. policies in Asia, and political polarization.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/corporate_pubs/CP22-2008-04.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">The provision of neonatal services: Data for international comparisons</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR515.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 2007</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 2007</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Gathers information on the provision of neonatal services in Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland, the United States, Canada, Sweden and Australia. It was produced to support the National Audit Office&amp;rsquo;s Value for Money study of neonatal services in England. Therefore, the report aims to provide a compendium of relevant data to facilitate comparisons and benchmarking of neonatal services (organisation, statistics, and so on).&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR515.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
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