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     <title>RAND Research Topic: Information Operations</title>
     <link rel="self" href="http://www.rand.org/topics/information-operations.xml"/>
     <updated>2012-05-24T14:56:49Z</updated>
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     <rights>Copyright (c) 2012, The RAND Corporation</rights>
     <author>
       <name>RAND Corporation</name>
     </author>
     <id>http://www.rand.org/topics/information-operations.html</id>
	 
 <entry>
   <title type="html"></title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org.html</id>
   <published></published>
   <updated></updated>
   <summary type="html"></summary>
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 <entry>
   <title type="html">U.S. Military&apos;s Efforts to Influence Afghan Population Have Grown Less Effective Over Time</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG1060.html</id>
   <published>Apr 30, 2012</published>
   <updated>Apr 30, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">An analysis of U.S. military information operations and psychological operations in Afghanistan between 2001 and 2010 finds the efforts grew less successful over time, as disenchantment with foreign occupation grew. The most notable shortcoming was the inability to sufficiently counter the Taliban propaganda campaign against U.S. and coalition forces on the theme of civilian casualties.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG1060.html" />
   
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 <entry>
   <title type="html">Assessing Military Information Operations in Afghanistan, 2001-2010</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9659.html</id>
   <published>Apr 30, 2012</published>
   <updated>Apr 30, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">This research brief offers an overview of the effectiveness of U.S. psychological operations in Afghanistan from 2001 to 2010, with particular attention to how well messages and themes were tailored to target audiences.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9659.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">U.S. Military&apos;s Efforts to Influence Afghan Population Have Grown Less Effective Over Time</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/news/press/2012/04/30.html</id>
   <published>Apr 30, 2012</published>
   <updated>Apr 30, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">The efforts of U.S. military information operations and psychological operations in Afghanistan between 2001 and 2010 grew less successful over time, as disenchantment with foreign occupation grew.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/news/press/2012/04/30.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Addressing Commanders&apos; Needs for Information on &quot;Soft&quot; Factors</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9628.html</id>
   <published>Dec 5, 2011</published>
   <updated>Dec 5, 2011</updated>
   <summary type="html">Describes a framework for thinking about commanders&apos; critical information needs in countersurgency operations and offers practical ways for commanders to integrate influence activities into combined arms planning and assessment.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9628.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">1.  Introduction</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/monograph_reports/MR797/chap1.html</id>
   <published></published>
   <updated></updated>
   <summary type="html"></summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monograph_reports/MR797/chap1.html" />
   
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 <entry>
   <title type="html">2.  Findings and Research Suggestions</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/monograph_reports/MR797/chap2.html</id>
   <published></published>
   <updated></updated>
   <summary type="html"></summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monograph_reports/MR797/chap2.html" />
   
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 <entry>
   <title type="html">Summary</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/monograph_reports/MR797/summary.html</id>
   <published></published>
   <updated></updated>
   <summary type="html"></summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monograph_reports/MR797/summary.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Keys to Successful Counterinsurgency Campaigns Explored</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/news/press/2010/07/19.html</id>
   <published>Jul 19, 2010</published>
   <updated>Jul 19, 2010</updated>
   <summary type="html">Good counterinsurgency practices tend to run in packs and whether a campaign includes more good practices than bad ones is a strong predictor of the outcomes of campaigns historically.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/news/press/2010/07/19.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Victory Has a Thousand Fathers: Sources of Success in Counterinsurgency</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG964.html</id>
   <published>Jul 18, 2010</published>
   <updated>Jul 18, 2010</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Approaches to counterinsurgency from 30 recent resolved campaigns show that good counterinsurgency practices tend to &quot;run in packs&quot; and that historically, the balance of selected good and ineffective practices perfectly predicts the outcome of a conflict.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG964.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Victory Has a Thousand Fathers: Detailed Counterinsurgency Case Studies</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG964z1.html</id>
   <published>Jun 18, 2010</published>
   <updated>Jun 18, 2010</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;A collection of the 30 most recent resolved insurgencies, covering the period 1978 to 2008, along with a bank of 76 factors that helped or hindered the COIN force in each case and in each phase of each case, supplements an analysis of historical and contemporary insurgencies, providing valuable lessons for U.S. engagement in and support for COIN operations.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG964z1.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Understanding Commanders&apos; Information Needs for Influence Operations</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG656.html</id>
   <published>Nov 22, 2009</published>
   <updated>Nov 22, 2009</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;In order to improve the effectiveness of combined arms planning and assessment operations, ground commanders need information pertaining to cultural and other &quot;soft&quot; factors and practical ways to integrate such information into influence operations activities.&lt;/p&gt;
</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG656.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Foundations of Effective Influence Operations: A Framework for Enhancing Army Capabilities</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG654.html</id>
   <published>May 27, 2009</published>
   <updated>May 27, 2009</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;The authors aim to assist the U.S. Army in understanding &amp;ldquo;influence operations,&amp;rdquo; capabilities that may allow the United States to effectively influence the attitudes and behavior of particular foreign audiences while minimizing or avoiding combat. The book identifies approaches, methodologies, and tools that may be useful in planning, executing, and assessing influence operations.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG654.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Assessing Irregular Warfare: A Framework for Intelligence Analysis</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG668.html</id>
   <published>Dec 11, 2008</published>
   <updated>Dec 11, 2008</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Provides an analytic framework and procedure for the intelligence analysis of irregular warfare (IW) environments that can serve as the basis for IW intelligence curriculum development efforts. Defines IW in terms of two stylized situations: population-centric (such as counterinsurgency) and counterterrorism. Provides a detailed review of IW-relevant defense policy and strategy documents and a list of relevant doctrinal publications.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG668.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Changes Needed in Way the United States Conducts Military Interventions </title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/conf_proceedings/CF251.html</id>
   <published>Oct 2, 2008</published>
   <updated>Oct 2, 2008</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;In preparing for possible future military interventions, the United States needs to shift substantial resources to the Department of State and U.S. Agency for International Development, and military-civilian efforts must be integrated from top to bottom.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/conf_proceedings/CF251.html" />
   
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 <entry>
   <title type="html">U.S. Military Prone to Operations Not in Accord with COIN Doctrine</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/occasional_papers/OP200.html</id>
   <published>Jun 4, 2008</published>
   <updated>Jun 4, 2008</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Similarities between the Vietnam War and current Middle East operations reveal our military is apt to engage in traditional warfare despite the more nuanced tactics called for by counter-insurgency doctrine.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/occasional_papers/OP200.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Conducting Counterinsurgency Operations: Lessons from Iraq (2003-2006)</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9323.html</id>
   <published>Feb 27, 2008</published>
   <updated>Feb 27, 2008</updated>
   <summary type="html">This research brief examines U.S. counterinsurgency operations in Iraq from 2003 to 2006, including U.S. failure to protect Iraqi civilians; implications for future conflicts; and recommends steps to improve U.S. counterinsurgency capabilities.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9323.html" />
   
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 <entry>
   <title type="html">Applying Madison Avenue Principles and Recent Operational Experience to Counterinsurgency and Stability Operations</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9268.html</id>
   <published>Jul 11, 2007</published>
   <updated>Jul 11, 2007</updated>
   <summary type="html">This research brief summarizes a study that examined successes from the commercial marketing industry and how those lessons might assist U.S. and coalition forces to improve shaping campaigns during stability operations.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9268.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Insights on Joint Urban Operations from Afghanistan and Iraq</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG428z2.html</id>
   <published>May 25, 2007</published>
   <updated>May 25, 2007</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Today&apos;s strategic environment implies an obligation to preserve innocent life when possible and to rebuild that which war destroys. Various tools can help better enable military and civilian alike to meet these objectives by more effectively conducting urban combat and restoration. &lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG428z2.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Counterinsurgency Operations May Require Modernization of the U.S. Airlift Fleet</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB227.html</id>
   <published>May 22, 2007</published>
   <updated>May 22, 2007</updated>
   <summary type="html">This research brief looks at the role of airlift in U.S. counterinsurgency operations and the types of investment in new airlift assets that may be needed to meet the unique challenges of these operations.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB227.html" />
   
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