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     <title>RAND Research Topic: Musculoskeletal Disorders</title>
     <link rel="self" href="http://www.rand.org/topics/musculoskeletal-disorders.xml"/>
     <updated>2012-05-24T14:17:14Z</updated>
     <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" hreflang="en" href="http://www.rand.org/topics/musculoskeletal-disorders.html" />
     <rights>Copyright (c) 2012, The RAND Corporation</rights>
     <author>
       <name>RAND Corporation</name>
     </author>
     <id>http://www.rand.org/topics/musculoskeletal-disorders.html</id>
	 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Medicare&apos;s Bundled Payment Pilot for Acute and Postacute Care:: Analysis and Recommendations on Where to Begin</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP201100216.html</id>
   <published>Aug 31, 2011</published>
   <updated>Aug 31, 2011</updated>
   <summary type="html">Medicare&apos;s National Pilot Program on Payment Bundling should use hip fracture and joint replacement as the conditions to include and use longer episodes, capturing a higher percentage of costs and hospital readmissions but adding little financial risk.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP201100216.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">The Frequency, Severity, and Economic Consequences of Musculoskeletal Injuries to Firefighters in California</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG1018.html</id>
   <published>Jun 21, 2010</published>
   <updated>Jun 21, 2010</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;The most common work-related injuries among firefighters are musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). Understanding the frequency and severity of firefighter MSDs is more important with recent changes to California workers&apos; compensation. This book describes the effect of work-related MSDs on firefighters&apos; earnings and employment, the reforms&apos; impact on disability ratings, and employment outcomes since the reforms to the medical delivery system.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG1018.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">The Minimally Important Difference for the Fatigue Visual Analog Scale in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Followed in an Academic Clinical Practice</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20081215.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 2007</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 2007</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Estimates the minimally important difference for a fatigue visual analog scale (VAS) using patient-reported anchors (fatigue, pain, and overall health). This information can aid in interpreting fatigue VAS in day-to-day care in clinical practice.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20081215.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">The Complexity of Care for Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Metrics for Better Understanding Chronic Disease Care</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20070103.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 2006</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 2006</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Patients with RA have frequent encounters with multiple providers and also frequent discontinuity of care. Recognizing the complexity of the care of patients with a chronic disease across multiple dimensions provides an opportunity to better understand challenges and opportunities in delivering high quality care.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20070103.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Methods to Develop Arthritis and Osteoporosis Measures: A View from the National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA)</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20071120.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 2006</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 2006</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;The key challenge to the feasibility of arthritis performance measures is the lack of administrative data to identify the eligible population.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20071120.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Assessment of American College of Rheumatology Quality Criteria for Rheumatoid Arthritis in a Pre-Quality Criteria Patient Cohort</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20070615.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 2006</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 2006</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;The ACR-endorsed quality measures for RA can be assessed using available data sources. When both self-report and medical record data are used, adherence rates, designed to serve as minimum standards of care, were moderate or high for most measures. Prior to using indicators to compare quality across groups, specific strategies for operationalizing measures and for using accurate data sources to assess adherence to the measures should be defined.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20070615.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Quality Indicators for the Care of Osteoarthritis in Vulnerable Elders</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20071015.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 2006</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 2006</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common chronic disease affecting older persons.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20071015.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">RAND Study Finds Arthritis Care for Older Patients Is Poor; Lack of Information on Medication Safety Is Biggest Shortfall</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/news/press/2006/04/04.html</id>
   <published>Apr 4, 2006</published>
   <updated>Apr 4, 2006</updated>
   <summary type="html">April 4, 2006 News Release: RAND Study Finds Arthritis Care for Older Patients Is Poor; Lack of Information on Medication Safety Is Biggest Shortfall.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/news/press/2006/04/04.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Application of Explicit Process of Care Measurement to Rheumatoid Arthritis: Moving from Evidence to Practice</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20061229.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 2005</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 2005</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;The authors conducted a prospective cohort study of rates of change in disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) and/or systemic corticosteroid drug or dose for 568 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) across 6,159 clinical encounters within 12 months to examine how changes in clinical specifications change adherence.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20061229.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Revalidation of the Original Cedars-Sinai Health-Related Quality of Life in Rheumatoid Arthritis Questionnaire</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20060217.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 2005</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 2005</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;These results support the validity and reliability of both the original CSHQ-RA and the 11-item CSHQ-RA SF when tested in a representative patient population.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20060217.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Quality of Osteoarthritis Care for Community-Dwelling Older Adults</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20060405.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 2005</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 2005</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;To describe the quality of osteoarthritis care provided to community-dwelling elderly patients and to characterize arthritis-related function in these patients.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20060405.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Hospital Competition, Managed Care and Mortality After Hospitalization for Medical Conditions: Evidence from Three States</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20060630.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 2005</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 2005</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Assesses the effect of hospital competition and HMO penetration on mortality after hospitalization for six medical conditions in California, New York, and Wisconsin.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20060630.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Efficacy of Custom Foot Orthotics in Improving Pain and Functional Status in Children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Randomized Trial</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20050504.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 2004</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 2004</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;To compare the clinical efficacy of custom foot orthotics, prefabricated off-the-shelf shoe inserts, and supportive athletic shoes worn alone, on reducing pain and improving function for children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20050504.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Payback Arising from Research Funding: Evaluation of the Arthritis Research Campaign</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20050706.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 2004</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 2004</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;There is a wide diversity of research payback. Short focused project grants seem to provide value for money.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20050706.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Measuring Preference Weights for American College of Rheumatology Response Criteria for Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20051212.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 2004</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 2004</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;To estimate weights for health states comprising American College of Rheumatology (ACR) response and different levels of adverse events associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatments.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20051212.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Treating Low Back Pain</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20050609.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 2004</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 2004</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prediction rules have yet to be published for the interventions listed as brief pain-management programmes, but there is evidence that some tools are useful in detecting psychosocial aspects of low back pain and are predictive of poor outcomes.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20050609.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Using Orthotics to Improve Pain and Function Status in Children with Arthritis</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20050513.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 2004</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 2004</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;This paper studied foot pain and treatment options for children with juvenile arthritis, in particular the use of custom-made orthotics.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20050513.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Lipids and Glycemic Control in Type II Diabetes and the Metabolic Syndrome and on Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Renal Disease, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, and Osteoporosis</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20040324.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 2003</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 2003</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;The objectives of this study were to assess the effect of omega-3 fatty acids on 1) total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and insulin resistance in type-II diabetes and the metabolic syndrome, 2) clinical score, sigmoidoscopic score, histologic score and requirement for immunosuppressive therapy in IBD, 3) pain, swollen and tender joint counts, acute phase reactants, patient global assessment, and requirement for anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressive therapy in rheumatoid arthritis, 4) renal function, progression to end-stage renal disease, hemodialysis graft patency, mortality, and requirement for immunosuppressive therapy in renal disease, 5) disease activity, damage, patient&apos;s perception of disease activity, and requirement for immunosuppressive therapy in SLE, and 6) bone mineral density and fracture rates.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20040324.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Case Finding for Population-Based Studies of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Comparison of Patient Self-Reported ACR Criteria-Based Algorithms to Physician-Implicit Review for Diagnosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20040414.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 2003</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 2003</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;These findings have important implications for health services research and quality improvement interventions pertinent to case finding for RA through self-report data.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20040414.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Measuring Quality in Arthritis Care: The Arthritis Foundation&apos;s Quality Indicator Set for Osteoarthritis</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20040818.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 2003</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 2003</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Sufficient scientific evidence and expert consensus exist to support a comprehensive set of measures to assess the quality of heath care for osteoarthritis.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20040818.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
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