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     <title>RAND Research Topic: Police-community Relations</title>
     <link rel="self" href="http://www.rand.org/topics/police-community-relations.xml"/>
     <updated>2012-05-24T14:57:28Z</updated>
     <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" hreflang="en" href="http://www.rand.org/topics/police-community-relations.html" />
     <rights>Copyright (c) 2012, The RAND Corporation</rights>
     <author>
       <name>RAND Corporation</name>
     </author>
     <id>http://www.rand.org/topics/police-community-relations.html</id>
	 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Calculator Shows the Cost of Crime and Value of Police</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/ise/centers/quality_policing/cost-of-crime.html</id>
   <published>Nov 3, 2010</published>
   <updated>Nov 3, 2010</updated>
   <summary type="html">Cost-of-crime and police effectiveness research can be used to measure how changing the size of police departments will affect overall crime costs to society.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/ise/centers/quality_policing/cost-of-crime.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Selected International Best Practices in Police Performance Measurement</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR1153.html</id>
   <published>May 7, 2012</published>
   <updated>May 7, 2012</updated>
   <summary type="html">Historically, police agencies have measured their performance against a restricted set of crime-focused indicators, but modern police officers must be prepared to take on a wide variety of roles. Performance measures should be multidimensional to capture this complexity. This report describes some key considerations in designing measures to evaluate law enforcement agencies and includes a detailed review of some international best practices.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR1153.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Insights from New Recruits Help Law Enforcement Departments Refine Hiring Practices</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG992.html</id>
   <published>Oct 15, 2010</published>
   <updated>Oct 15, 2010</updated>
   <summary type="html">The results of a nationwide survey show how understanding modern recruits can help police and sheriff&apos;s departments refine their recruitment practices and develop a workforce well suited to community-oriented policing.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG992.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Lessons on Police Recruitment and Retention for the New Millennium</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG959.html</id>
   <published>Oct 15, 2010</published>
   <updated>Oct 15, 2010</updated>
   <summary type="html">Lessons on recruitment and retention can help police departments create a workforce that represents community demographics, is committed to providing its employees long-term police careers, and effectively implements community policing.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG959.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Measuring the Performance of the Dallas Police Department: 2008-2009 Results</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR730.html</id>
   <published>Oct 15, 2009</published>
   <updated>Oct 15, 2009</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Based on the results of four surveys carried out in 2008-2009, this report describes the state of policing in Dallas, Texas. These surveys collected data on the opinions of randomly selected Dallas residents, people who had a recent contact with an officer of the Dallas Police Department (DPD), DPD officers, and retail business owners in Dallas. This first wave of survey data will act as a benchmark against which to assess DPD in the future.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR730.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Cincinnati Police Department Traffic Stops: Analyzing Racial Disparities</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG914.html</id>
   <published>Oct 11, 2009</published>
   <updated>Oct 11, 2009</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;RAND has developed a fair, yet rigorous approach to analyzing traffic stop data for racial bias. Based on five years of data from the Cincinnati Police Department, the approach addresses bias in the decision to stop, flags officers with disparate stop patterns, and assesses bias in search and citation rates.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG914.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Doubly Robust Internal Benchmarking and False Discovery Rates for Detecting Racial Bias in Police Stops</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/reprints/RP1394.html</id>
   <published>Aug 19, 2009</published>
   <updated>Aug 19, 2009</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Presents a statistical method to flag police officers who may potentially exhibit racial bias when making pedestrian stops.
&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/reprints/RP1394.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Police-Community Relations in Cincinnati: Year Four Evaluation Report</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG853.html</id>
   <published>Jan 22, 2009</published>
   <updated>Jan 22, 2009</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;In 2002, the Cincinnati Police Department and the ACLU joined together to review police-community relations. This report finds that CPD is not the same as the department that policed Cincinnati in 2001. With crime reduced and no evidence of racial bias at traffic stops, there is still room for improvement with community relations. &lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG853.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Police Recruitment and Retention: Online Personnel Clearinghouse for Law Enforcement</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/ise/centers/quality_policing/cops.html</id>
   <published>Jun 18, 2008</published>
   <updated>Jun 18, 2008</updated>
   <summary type="html">Part of the RAND Center on Quality Policing, the Police Recruitment and Retention Clearinghouse is a web-based resource that serves as a &quot;one-stop-shop&quot; for information about recruitment and retention specifically designed for the law enforcement community in order to promote evidence-based personnel planning.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/ise/centers/quality_policing/cops.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Police-Community Relations in Cincinnati: Year Three Evaluation Report</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR535.html</id>
   <published>Dec 14, 2007</published>
   <updated>Dec 14, 2007</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;In 2002, the Cincinnati Police and the ACLU joined together to review police-community relations. This evaluation reports that three years out, blacks still experience a different kind of policing from that experienced by whites, and that vehicle stops provide an opportunity to redress these disparate impacts.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR535.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Police Need to Do a Better Job of Explaining Stop-and-Frisk</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/commentary/2007/12/06/NYDN.html</id>
   <published>Dec 6, 2007</published>
   <updated>Dec 6, 2007</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Police stops of pedestrians and vehicles, while an important tool in police work, can fuel tensions if not handled properly.  Law enforcement agencies must develop plans to address the disparities and tensions that result from their efforts, write K. Jack Riley and Greg Ridgeway.&lt;/p&gt;
</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/commentary/2007/12/06/NYDN.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Center Promotes Efficiency, Effectiveness in Local Police Agencies</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/ise/centers/quality_policing.html</id>
   <published>Nov 12, 2007</published>
   <updated>Nov 12, 2007</updated>
   <summary type="html">The RAND Center on Quality Policing provides research and analysis on contemporary police practice and policy. The Center&apos;s work helps law enforcement agencies across the U.S. make better operational decisions and consistently perform at their best.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/ise/centers/quality_policing.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Police Commissioner Raymond W. Kelly Announces That the RAND Corporation Will Conduct an Assessment of How the New York City Police Department Conducts Pedestrian Stops</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/news/press/2007/02/28/index1.html</id>
   <published>Feb 28, 2007</published>
   <updated>Feb 28, 2007</updated>
   <summary type="html">February 28, 2007 news release: Police Commissioner Raymond W. Kelly Announces That the RAND Corporation Will Conduct an Assessment of How the New York City Police Department Conducts Pedestrian Stops.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/news/press/2007/02/28/index1.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Efforts to Improve Police-Community Relations in Cincinnati</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9242.html</id>
   <published>Feb 16, 2007</published>
   <updated>Feb 16, 2007</updated>
   <summary type="html">This research brief summarizes second-year findings.  Although there is no evidence of systematic racial bias in Cincinnati Police Department vehicle stops, other police actions have racially disparate impacts that fuel perceptions of racial bias.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9242.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Assessing the Progress of Police-Community Relations in Cincinnati</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR445.html</id>
   <published>Jan 5, 2007</published>
   <updated>Jan 5, 2007</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;The Cincinnati Police Department, Fraternal Order of Police, and American Civil Liberties Union pledged to collaborate in efforts to resolve social conflict, improve community relations and avoid litigation.  RAND evaluated their progress in the second year of the agreement.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR445.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">RAND Corporation Will Assess NYPD Firearms Training and Tactics and Firearms Discharge Review Procedures, and Examine Reflexive or &apos;Contagious&apos; Shooting Issues</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/news/press/2007/01/04.html</id>
   <published>Jan 4, 2007</published>
   <updated>Jan 4, 2007</updated>
   <summary type="html">January 4, 2007 News Release: RAND Corporation Will Assess NYPD Firearms Training and Tactics and Firearms Discharge Review Procedures, and Examine Reflexive or &apos;Contagious&apos; Shooting Issues.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/news/press/2007/01/04.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Police-Community Relations in Cincinnati</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR333.html</id>
   <published>Nov 30, 2005</published>
   <updated>Nov 30, 2005</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;In 2002, the Cincinnati Police Department, the Fraternal Order of Police, and the American Civil Liberties Union entered into a collaborative agreement. This agreement pledges its signatories to collaborate in efforts to resolve social conflict, improve community relations, and avoid litigation. The collaborative agreement requires an annual assessment of progress toward the agreement&amp;rsquo;s goals. In 2004, the signatories contracted with RAND to conduct this evaluation. This report is the first such annual review.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR333.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Safety and Justice Program Addresses Public Safety and the U.S. Criminal Justice System</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/ise/safety.html</id>
   <published>Nov 1, 2005</published>
   <updated>Nov 1, 2005</updated>
   <summary type="html">RAND Safety and Justice conducts research and analysis on policing, law enforcement, and corrections; crime, gangs, and violence prevention; drug abuse and drug policy; administration of justice; and occupational and transportation safety.</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/ise/safety.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
 <entry>
   <title type="html">Interactive Police-Citizen Encounters That Result in Force</title>
   <id>http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20041233.html</id>
   <published>Dec 31, 2003</published>
   <updated>Dec 31, 2003</updated>
   <summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;The behavior of officers and suspects during encounters is influenced by the actions, comments, and demeanor of the other actor.&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
   <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20041233.html" />
   
 </entry>
 
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