Population and Aging

RAND research on population and aging analyzes demographic and immigration trends and explores a range of concerns, from family planning to religion to discrimination. RAND also addresses vulnerable populations—such as the elderly and the poor—analyzing retirement and other aspects of financial decisionmaking, welfare, and end-of-life issues.

Research conducted by: RAND Labor and Population; RAND Europe; RAND Health; RAND Infrastructure, Safety, and Environment; RAND Child Policy; RAND Gulf States Policy Institute; Center for the Study of Aging; Population Research Center; Center for Population Health and Health Disparities

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More Americans Will Delay Retirement – Implications for Social Security and Medicare

An unprecedented upturn in the number of older Americans who delay retirement is likely to continue and even accelerate over the next two decades, a trend that should help ease the financial challenges facing both Social Security and Medicare.

Journal Articles (750)

Impact of the Recession on Age Management Policies: Case Study: KPN, the Netherlands — Jan 1, 2012

In the Netherlands employers were encouraged to invest more in education and training instead of preferential age-related benefits, as part of efforts to make employing older staff more attractive to companies.

Impact of the Recession on Age Management Policies: Case Study: BARCO, Belgium — Jan 1, 2012

According to representatives of the company interviewed for this case study, there has been a greater willingness to recruit people aged 50 or more during the economic cycle of the past two to three years, but this is cyclical.

Impact of the Recession on Age Management Policies: Case Study: DHV, the Netherlands — Jan 1, 2012

DHV, a company reliant on the knowledge and personal skills of people, has placed strong emphasis on training and development, on promoting a healthy workforce, as well as on new ways of working, all of which provide more freedom for workers to choose the means to do their work.

Impact of the Recession on Age Management Policies: Case Study: Vienna General Hospital (AKH Wien), Austria — Jan 1, 2012

Vienna General Hospital sees the importance of the tackling the issue of ageing in terms of organisational strategy, organisational culture, personal development, organisation of work, and individual health of employees.

Impact of the Recession on Age Management Policies: Case Study: Abengoa, Spain — Jan 1, 2012

Abengoa has HR practices and policies that promote the employability and mobility of all workers regardless of age. The organisation also has specific age management policies including partial retirement policies.

Impact of the Recession on Age Management Policies: Case Study: Ford, Spain — Jan 1, 2012

In Spain, the Ford Collective Agreement has some specific policies aimed at older workers that affect seniority bonuses and retirement practices.

Impact and Cost-Effectiveness of Family Fitness Zones: A Natural Experiment in Urban Public Parks — Jan 1, 2012

Outdoor exercise equipment in parks seems to attract more new park users and result in a higher expenditure of energy.

Impact of the Recession on Age Management Policies: Case Study: Borealis Agrolinz Melamine GmbH, Austria — Jan 1, 2012

While age management at the Borealis Group has always made use of generous regulations for early retirement there has also been a movement to maintain older workers in the workplace by creating sustainable work processes and adapting work practices to take into account employees' needs.

Impact of the Recession on Age Management Policies: Case Study: Cambridgeshire County Council, United Kingdom — Jan 1, 2012

Cambridgeshire County Council's 2006-2010 people strategy sets priorities and limits on age management of employees.

Impact of the Recession on Age Management Policies: Case Study: BT, United Kingdom — Jan 1, 2012

BT has an 'age neutral' approach to promoting diversity and equality among age groups in its workforce.

Nutrition Standards for Away-From-Home Foods in the USA — Jan 1, 2012

This study reviews the rationale for developing nutritional performance standards for away-from-home foods in light of limited human capacity to regulate intake or physiologically compensate for a poor diet.

Impact of the Recession on Age Management Policies: United Kingdom — Jan 1, 2012

Explores the age management practices of companies in nine European Union (EU) Member States, in light of restructuring undergone during the recession.

Impact of the Recession on Age Management Policies: Case Study: Made in Inox, Belgium — Jan 1, 2012

The experience of Made in Inox shows that micro-businesses are unlikely to have a dedicated human resources policy.

Association of Childhood Abuse with Homeless Women's Social Networks — Jan 1, 2012

The effects of childhood physical abuse should be more actively investigated in clinical settings, especially those frequented by homeless women.

Kids Are Gaining More Weight During the Elementary School Years — Nov 30, 2011

Nearly 40% of a nationally representative cohort of children started kindergarten with a BMI in the top quartile of the growth charts. This proportion increased significantly between 1st and 3rd grades but there was no further increase during middle school.

Personal Retirement Accounts and Saving — Nov 1, 2011

Aging populations are leading countries worldwide to social security reforms. Many countries are moving from pay-as-you-go to personal retirement account (PRA) systems because of their financial sustainability and positive impact on private savings.

Trends in Late-Life Disability in Taiwan, 1989-2007: The Roles of Education, Environment, and Technology — Nov 1, 2011

This study assessing trends in late-life disability in the emerging economy of Taiwan showed that limitations in seeing, hearing, and instrumental activities of daily living declined.

Integrating Schools Is a Matter of Housing Policy — Oct 1, 2011

Inclusionary zoning and economic integration in suburban neighborhoods not only reduces concentration of poverty, it directly improves low-income children's academic achievement.

Developing Interdisciplinary Centers in Aging: Learning from the RAND/Hartford Building Interdisciplinary Geriatric Health Care Research Centers Initiative — Oct 1, 2011

The Building Interdisciplinary Geriatric Health Care Research Centers initiative created centers that brought together individuals from a wide range of disciplines and helped them collaborate to develop new projects or build on existing efforts.

Racial and ethnic disparities in hospital care resulting from air pollution in excess of federal standards — Oct 1, 2011

This study investigates racial and ethnic disparities in hospital admission and emergency room visit rates resulting from exposure to ozone and fine particulate matter levels in excess of federal standards (

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