Post Traumatic Stress Disorder

Combat veterans and survivors of violence, natural disasters, and terrorism have often experienced disturbing events that may lead to psychological trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). RAND research has evaluated the delivery of post-deployment mental health care to combat veterans, examined the treatment capacity of health care systems in response to PTSD, and estimated the costs of providing quality mental health care to all affected individuals.

Research conducted by: RAND Health; RAND National Security Research Division; RAND Project AIR FORCE; RAND Arroyo Center; RAND Justice, Infrastructure, and Environment; RAND Gulf States Policy Institute; Invisible Wounds of War Project

Featured at RAND

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in Vulnerable Populations

June is National PTSD Awareness Month and June 27th is PTSD Awareness Day, providing an opportunity to recognize the challenges faced by survivors of trauma who live with PTSD symptoms. RAND research is helping increase awareness about the disorder and inform policy about how to prevent and address it.

RAND Assesses Post-Deployment Health-Related Needs of Iraq Veterans

The Invisible Wounds of War Study assessed Iraq veterans' health-related needs associated with PTSD, major depression, and traumatic brain injury; examined the treatment capacity of the current health care system; and estimated the costs of providing quality health care to all military members who need it.

All Items (113)

Journal Article

System Factors Affect the Recognition and Management of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder By Primary Care Clinicians — Jan 1, 2009

Describes primary care clinician's (PCC's) reported recognition and management of Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and identify how system factors affect the likelihood of performing clinical actions with regard to patients with PTSD or PTSD treatment proclivity.

Journal Article

Mental Health Service Utilization After Physical Trauma: The Importance of Physician Referral — Jan 1, 2009

Examines the relative influence of patient-related factors and physician referral on mental health service utilization among patients after a traumatic physical injury. A fully structured interview was administered prospectively by trained lay persons to Los Angeles Country trauma center injury patients. Findings highlighted the importance of physician referral in facilitating access to mental health services for trauma injury survivors.

Journal Article

Ethnic Differences in Posttraumatic Distress: Hispanics' Symptoms Differ in Kind and Degree — Jan 1, 2009

This study, one of the first to examine ethnic disparities in PTSD symptoms among adult injury survivors, found that Hispanics reported higher levels of intensified sensory and cognitive symptoms than non-Hispanics.

Commentary

War's Invisible Wounds — Sep 28, 2008

Nearly 300,000 Iraq and Afghanistan service veterans who have returned home -- about one in five -- may suffer from combat-stress-related mental health problems. Our veterans ought to get the best available treatments our nation can offer, but they don't, write authors Terry Schell, Terri Tanielian and Lisa Jaycox.

Past Event

Policy Forum Addresses Mental Health of Returning Soldiers — Jun 12, 2008

Nearly 20 percent of military service members who have returned from Iraq and Afghanistan — 300,000 in all — are afflicted by post-traumatic stress disorder or major depression, yet only slightly more than half have sought treatment. What are the consequences for our veterans, their families, and the nation?

Commentary

Invisible Wounds of War — Jun 1, 2008

According to a recent RAND Corporation study about these "Invisible Wounds of War," 18.5 percent of Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom veterans are suffering from PTSD or depression and need appropriate treatment, and 19.5 percent report experiencing a TBI during deployment, writes Kayla Williams.

News Release

One In Five Iraq and Afghanistan Veterans Suffer from PTSD or Major Depression — Apr 17, 2008

Nearly 20 percent of military service members who have returned from Iraq and Afghanistan — 300,000 in all — report symptoms of post traumatic stress disorder or major depression, yet only slightly more than half have sought treatment.

Multimedia

Invisible Wounds Conference Call with Media — Apr 17, 2008

RAND experts field questions from the media on the report Invisible Wounds of War: Psychological and Cognitive Injuries, Their Consequences, and Services to Assist Recovery.

Report

Post-Deployment Stress: What Families Should Know, What Families Can Do — Apr 11, 2008

Information for families of veterans returning from deployment in Iraq or Afghanistan about post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), traumatic brain injury (TBI), and other emotional and behavioral problems that veterans may face.

Report

Invisible Wounds of War: Psychological and Cognitive Injuries, Their Consequences, and Services to Assist Recovery — Mar 26, 2008

A comprehensive study of the post-deployment health-related needs associated with post-traumatic stress disorder, major depression, and traumatic brain injury among servicemembers returning from Operations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom.

Report

Post-Deployment Stress: What You Should Know, What You Can Do — Mar 1, 2008

This pamphlet of information was designed for veterans returning from deployment in Iraq or Afghanistan who may face post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), traumatic brain injury (TBI), and other emotional and behavioral problems.

Journal Article

Posttraumatic Distress and Physical Functioning: A Longitudinal Study of Injured Survivors of Community Violence — Jan 1, 2008

Cross-lagged relationships between posttraumatic distress symptoms and physical functioning are reciprocally related following traumatic injury. Interventions targeting physical recovery may influence subsequent mental health, and vice versa.

Journal Article

Spanish and English Versions of the PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C): Testing for Differential Item Functioning — Jan 1, 2008

Interpretation of ethnic differences in PTSD is predicated on demonstration that differences are not due to measurement bias.

Journal Article

PTSD in Latino Patients: Illness Beliefs, Treatment Preferences, and Implications for Care — Jan 1, 2008

Latino patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often report feeling sad, anxious, nervous, or fearful. Most expressed their desire to receive mental health treatment and preferred psychotherapy over psychotropic medications.

Journal Article

School-based Treatment for Children and Adolescents — Jan 1, 2008

This chapter briefly highlights the context for treating child traumatic stress in school settings, reviews the literature supporting treatment approaches in schools, offers a description of techniques used, and identifies empirical support for the reviewed school-based treatment or intervention programs for child traumatic stress.

Journal Article

Psychiatric Disorders Among Adults Seeking Emergency Disaster Assistance After a Wildland-Urban Interface Fire — Jan 1, 2007

This study estimated the prevalence of psychopathology at a three-month follow-up among persons seeking emergency relief services after a wildfire.

Journal Article

Prevalence of Depression-Ptsd Comorbidity: Implications for Clinical Practice Guidelines and Primary Care-Based Interventions — Jan 1, 2007

PTSD is more common among depressed primary care patients than previously thought.

News Release

Troubled Cambodian Refugees Likely to Seek Help for Mental Health Problems, RAND Study Says — Oct 11, 2006

October 11, 2006 News Release: Troubled Cambodian Refugees Likely to Seek Help for Mental Health Problems, RAND Study Says.

Journal Article

The Differential Impact of PTSD and Depression on HIV Disease Markers and Adherence to HAART in People Living with HIV — Jan 1, 2006

Despite high rates of comorbidity, research has typically focused on the independent impact of PTSD and depression symptoms in people living with HIV.

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