RAND work on public safety issues ranges from policing and prisons to violent crime and the illegal drug trade, as well as homeland security and emergency preparedness. RAND delivers research that reflects our core values of quality and objectivity and helps inform policy debates that are often riddled with arguments driven not by evidence but by emotion and ideology.
Discusses a team approach to service delivery of an intensive probation program by the South Oxnard Challenge Project (SOCP).
Relative to similarly situated deportable aliens with no record of deportation, previously deported aliens are more likely to be rearrested, to be rearrested more quickly, and to be rearrested more frequently in a one-year follow-up period.
Finds variability in advance directive documentation for nursing home patients on transfer to the emergency department, and finds that emergency clinicians experience substantial difficulty in reliably obtaining information about advance directives.
Regionalization improves emergency preparedness by allowing for more efficient use of resources and better coordination and progress in terms of planning and coordination; capacity-building, training, and exercises; and professional networks.
Most public health preparedness planning and response activities in the D.C. area are the result of voluntary self-organization through both governmental and nongovernmental organizations. Including all government agencies in planning is a challenge.
Finds that a pilot quality improvement collaborative is a promising model for improving public health pandemic preparedness and may be useful for improving public health performance. Further efforts are needed to encourage robust implementation.
Proposes a structure to address intersecting gender-and age-specific harms for girl soldiers, who experience a cumulative vulnerability that is not merely additive and not addressed by human rights frameworks restricted to either women or children.
Cross-lagged relationships between posttraumatic distress symptoms and physical functioning are reciprocally related following traumatic injury. Interventions targeting physical recovery may influence subsequent mental health, and vice versa.
Early puberty is a risk factor for delinquency, and early puberty combined with low parental nurturance, communication, or parental knowledge of the child's activities presents a risk for aggressive behavior in early adolescent girls.
Gun ownership rates, state legislation, and levels of community cohesiveness are significantly associated with the likelihood of psychiatric patients committing suicide with a gun, as well as being male, Caucasian, and diagnosed with substance abuse.
Health departments can achieve optimal performance by consistently connecting a caller with an action officer in 30 minutes or less and may improve performance by using a disease surveillance phone system in which a live person answers at all times.
Tobacco billboards were outlawed in 1999, but over 25% of tobacco ads in Louisiana do not comply. In Los Angeles, 37% of alcohol ads and 25% of tobacco ads were within 500 feet of a school, playground, or church, in violation of advertisers pledges.
Over 20% of South Africans aged 15-49 years are infected with HIV. Misinformation about the epidemic has arisen among black Africans, including genocidal conspiracy beliefs about the role of government and whites in causing the epidemic.
The International Health Regulations (IHR) 2005 present a challenge and opportunity for global surveillance and control of infectious diseases.
This study examined suicide ideation, attempts, and subsequent mental health service among a sample of 948 youth from substance abuse treatment facilities across the United States.
The intent of parity regulation is to equalize private insurance coverage for mental and physical illness (an equity concern) and to eliminate wasteful forms of competition due to adverse selection (an efficiency concern). In 2001, a presidential directive requiring comprehensive parity was implemented in the Federal Employees Health Benefits (FEHB) Program. In this study, the authors examine how health plans responded to the parity directive.
Residents who have been displaced by the wildfires may experience serious mental health problems. Up to one-third of the residents displaced by the San Diego area fires in 2003 showed symptoms of post traumatic stress disorder and major depression three months later.
This article argues that since the mid-1990s Tajikistan has become a narco-state, in which leaders of the most powerful trafficking groups occupy high-ranking government positions and misuse state structures for their own illicit businesses.
Summarizes lessons learned from tabletop exercises about public health emergency preparedness and about the process of developing, conducting, and evaluating them.
Develops a causal modeling framework for evaluating the standard approaches for addressing the confounding of the effects of ignoring institutionalization of drug treatment clients and other effects, and illustrates the results of each approach.
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