2012-05-24T14:57:31Z Copyright (c) 2012, The RAND Corporation RAND Corporation http://www.rand.org/topics/racial-discrimination.html http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG914.html Oct 11, 2009 Oct 11, 2009

<p>RAND has developed a fair, yet rigorous approach to analyzing traffic stop data for racial bias. Based on five years of data from the Cincinnati Police Department, the approach addresses bias in the decision to stop, flags officers with disparate stop patterns, and assesses bias in search and citation rates.</p>

http://www.rand.org/pubs/reprints/RP1427.html Jul 29, 2011 Jul 29, 2011

Discusses an array of methods that have been used to assess, using data on stops made by police officers, the existence or extent of racially biased policing.

http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP201000169.html Dec 31, 2009 Dec 31, 2009

<p>Many police agencies began collecting information on the stops made by their officers. This chapter describes an array of benchmarking methods that have been used around the country including the use of U.S. Census population estimates, non-at-fault driver crash data, crime and arrest data, drivers' license data, red light cameras, observations, instrumental variables, assessments of post-stop outcomes, and officer-to officer comparison via internal benchmarks.</p>

http://www.rand.org/pubs/reprints/RP1394.html Aug 19, 2009 Aug 19, 2009

<p>Presents a statistical method to flag police officers who may potentially exhibit racial bias when making pedestrian stops. </p>

http://www.rand.org/commentary/2009/07/30/CNN.html Jul 29, 2009 Jul 29, 2009

President Obama called the arrest of Professor Henry Gates a "teachable moment." This is a moment to learn the facts of race and policing these days. Racial profiling has indeed been an ugly reality for many years. But our research finds little evidence that it continues to be a major problem, write Greg Ridgeway and Nelson Lim.

http://www.rand.org/news/press/2009/02/05.html Feb 5, 2009 Feb 5, 2009

The first multi-dimensional effort to quantify the disparities faced by African-American and Latino boys and men in California across a broad spectrum of health and social factors provides a disquieting outlook for their lives.

http://www.rand.org/pubs/rgs_dissertations/RGSD238.html Oct 27, 2008 Oct 27, 2008

<p>Investigates the relationship between metropolitan-level segregation measures and individual-level health outcomes and estimates the causal impact of neighborhood disadvantage on health.</p>

http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20080915.html Dec 31, 2007 Dec 31, 2007

<p>Over 20% of South Africans aged 15-49 years are infected with HIV. Misinformation about the epidemic has arisen among black Africans, including genocidal conspiracy beliefs about the role of government and whites in causing the epidemic.</p>

http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20080928.html Dec 31, 2007 Dec 31, 2007

<p>313 randomly sampled video recordings from police cars on traffic stops in Cincinnati, Ohio were content analyzed to help facilitate understanding of police-civilian relations</p>

http://www.rand.org/commentary/2007/12/06/NYDN.html Dec 6, 2007 Dec 6, 2007

<p>Police stops of pedestrians and vehicles, while an important tool in police work, can fuel tensions if not handled properly. Law enforcement agencies must develop plans to address the disparities and tensions that result from their efforts, write K. Jack Riley and Greg Ridgeway.</p>

http://www.rand.org/pubs/reprints/RP1253.html Jun 19, 2007 Jun 19, 2007

<p>The "veil of darkness" hypothesis asserts that police are less likely to know the race of a motorist before making a stop after dark than they are during daylight. This can be used to test for racial profiling in traffic stops. </p>

http://www.rand.org/news/press/2007/02/28/index1.html Feb 28, 2007 Feb 28, 2007

February 28, 2007 news release: Police Commissioner Raymond W. Kelly Announces That the RAND Corporation Will Conduct an Assessment of How the New York City Police Department Conducts Pedestrian Stops.

http://www.rand.org/pubs/rgs_dissertations/RGSD211.html Jan 26, 2007 Jan 26, 2007

<p>There is a growing interest in estimating the use of racial profiling at the officer level and incorporating the results into Early Intervention (EI) systems that can identify potential problem officers. This study summarizes the key implications of incorporating racial profiling analyses into an EI system and improves upon existing methods that estimate the use of race in stop, search, and DUI arrest decisions.</p>

http://www.rand.org/commentary/2006/10/11/WP.html Oct 11, 2006 Oct 11, 2006

Published commentary by RAND staff: Racial Profiling Won't Stop Terror, in Washingtonpost.com.

http://www.rand.org/news/press/2006/07/17.html Jul 17, 2006 Jul 17, 2006

July 17, 2006 News Release: RAND Study Finds No Evidence of Racial Bias in Federal Prosecutors' Decisions to Seek Death Penalty from 1995-2000.

http://www.rand.org/pubs/reprints/RP1252.html Dec 31, 2005 Dec 31, 2005

Addresses the role race plays a role in officers' use of discretion in traffic stops by proposing a technique to determine the extent to which race bias affects citation rates, search rates, and the duration of the stop.

http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20060327.html Dec 31, 2005 Dec 31, 2005

<p>The present study proposes a propensity score technique to determine the extent to which race bias affects citation rates, search rates, and the duration of the stop. Adjusting for confounding variables using the propensity score offers an alternative to multivariate regression that is more interpretable, less prone to errors in model assumptions, and ultimately easier to present to stakeholders in policing practices.</p>

http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20060804.html Dec 31, 2005 Dec 31, 2005

<p>To review two indirect methods, geocoding and surname analysis, for estimating race/ethnicity as a means for health plans to assess disparities in care.</p>

http://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20060121.html Dec 31, 2005 Dec 31, 2005

<p>African American women may be vulnerable to prejudice within reproductive health care contexts, including family planning.</p>