Substance Use

Contents:

All Items (480)

Journal Article

The Social Context of Homeless Women's Alcohol and Drug Use — Jan 1, 2009

Homeless women with a greater proportion of heavy alcohol users in their personal networks had greater odds of engaging in binge drinking, and women with a greater proportion of drug users in their networks had greater odds of using marijuana, cocaine, crack, and methamphetamine or other amphetamines. Women with a greater proportion of individuals in their networks that they had met in school or through work had lower odds of marijuana, cocaine, and crack use.

Journal Article

Developing an Integrated Treatment for Substance Use and Depression Using Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy — Jan 1, 2009

Providing a unified treatment approach to meet the substance abuse and mental health needs of clients is the preferred model for addressing co-occurring disorders.

Report

International Study of UK, U.S. and Other Countries on Reducing Alcohol Harm — Nov 21, 2008

The National Audit Office (NAO) of the United Kingdom, in order to determine the structure and effectiveness of Department of Health and National Health System interventions aimed at preventing and reducing alcohol harm in England, commissioned RAND Europe to examine similar programs in Australia, Canada, Germany, the Netherlands and the United States.

Journal Article

Do Dimensions of Therapeutic Community Treatment Predict Retention and Outcomes? — Oct 1, 2008

Higher first-week scores on Dimensions of Change Instrument assessments from adults in therapeutic communities predicted first-month retention. First-week scores also predicted posttreatment alcohol-and-other-drug abstinence and functioning.

Research Brief

Teens Who Work Are More Likely to Smoke — Jan 9, 2008

This research brief describes a study that found that working for pay in and around the 10th grade is associated with increased smoking among teens.

Journal Article

Multilevel Spatio-Temporal Dual Changepoint Models for Relating Alcohol Outlet Destruction and Changes in Neighbourhood Rates of Assaultive Violence — Jan 1, 2008

This paper evaluates the impact of the 1992 Civil Unrest in Los Angeles (which followed the Rodney King incident), in which many alcohol outlets were damaged leading to a decrease in alcohol outlet density, on crime.

Journal Article

A Brief Intervention for At-Risk Drinking in an Employee Assistance Program — Jan 1, 2008

The current pilot study examined the preliminary efficacy of a brief intervention (BI) for at-risk drinking in an employee assistance program.

Journal Article

The Longitudinal Association Between Substance Use and Delinquency Among High-Risk Youth — Jan 1, 2008

Over the past two decades, studies have provided evidence for the strong link between substance use (SU) and delinquency among adolescents.

Journal Article

Temporal Associations of Cigarette Smoking with Social Influences, Academic Performance, and Delinquency: A Four-Wave Longitudinal Study from Ages 13-23 — Jan 1, 2008

Prosmoking peer and family influences were risk factors for future smoking throughout adolescence. Youth smoking was associated with peer smoking and poor grades, with youth smoking as a stronger antecedent than consequence for these factors.

Journal Article

Alcohol Availability and Neighborhood Characteristics in Los Angeles, California and Southern Louisiana — Jan 1, 2008

The objective of this study was to examine the associations between alcohol availability types and community characteristics in randomly selected census tracts in Southern California and Southeastern Louisiana.

Journal Article

Inconsistencies in Self-Reported Drug Use By Adolescents in Substance Abuse Treatment: Implications for Outcome and Performance Measurements — Jan 1, 2008

Inconsistencies in adolescent reporting of recent substance use are associated with program assignment and factors that influence treatment outcomes, including age at first use, living situation, race/ethnicity, and mental distress.

Journal Article

Developmental Trajectories of Substance Use from Early to Late Adolescence: A Comparison of Rural and Urban Youth — Jan 1, 2008

This study underscores the diversity of drug use within rural communities, suggesting that living in a very rural area is protective against some forms of drug use but that living in a rural area that includes a medium or large town is not.

Journal Article

Excessive Antibiotic Use in Men with Prostatitis — Jan 1, 2008

Prostatitis accounts for 2 million outpatient visits annually. Most cases fit the definition of chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Despite evidence that antibiotics are not effective for this syndrome, they were prescribed for 69% of these men.

Journal Article

Marijuana Use and High School Dropout: The Influence of Unobservables — Jan 1, 2008

Examines the extent to which time-varying factors, including substance use, influence the likelihood of heavy and persistent marijuana users dropping out of school and determines that parental and peer influences drive this result.

Journal Article

Brief Motivational Interviewing for Teens at Risk of Substance Use Consequences: A Randomized Pilot Study in a Primary Care Clinic — Jan 1, 2008

The current study examined the impact of a brief motivational interviewing (MI) intervention (Project CHAT) on alcohol consumption and drug use for high-risk teens in a primary care clinic that provides health care for underserved populations.

Journal Article

Growing Up in a Permissive Household: What Deters At-Risk Adolescents from Heavy Drinking? — Jan 1, 2008

Permissive households (based on parental knowledge of whereabouts, curfew, and predicted response to child drinking or use of marijuana) are associated with adolescent heavy drinking. Alcohol prevention programs can target prodrinking influences.

Journal Article

What Underlies Appraisals? Experimentally Testing a Knowledge-And-Appraisal Model of Personality Architecture Among Smokers Contemplating High-Risk Situations — Jan 1, 2008

The authors tested a theoretical model of personality structures underlying patterns of intra-individual variability in contextualized appraisals.

Journal Article

Exposure to Cigarette Advertising and Adolescents' Intentions to Smoke: The Moderating Role of the Developing Self-Concept — Jan 1, 2008

Finds that younger adolescents (i.e., middle school aged) who had never smoked and are having the most difficulty figuring out who they are are most susceptible to the effects of cigarette advertising.

Journal Article

Alcohol and Tobacco Marketing Evaluating Compliance with Outdoor Advertising Guidelines — Jan 1, 2008

Tobacco billboards were outlawed in 1999, but over 25% of tobacco ads in Louisiana do not comply. In Los Angeles, 37% of alcohol ads and 25% of tobacco ads were within 500 feet of a school, playground, or church, in violation of advertisers pledges.

Journal Article

Understanding Differences in Substance Use Among Bisexual and Heterosexual Young Women — Jan 1, 2008

Examines developmental factors that may contribute to higher substance use rates among bisexual than heterosexual women. Adolescent bisexual women were more likely to have been current and solitary substance users and reported poorer mental health.

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Rita Karam

Policy Researcher

Rita Karam

Rita Karam is a policy researcher at the RAND Corporation. Her research focuses on educational policies, organizations, equity, and program improvement. Since 2002, Karam has investigated educational decentralization policies, school monitoring, and accountability systems in the U.S., Qatar, and…

Maria Orlando Edelen

Senior Behavioral Scientist

Maria Orlando Edelen is a quantitative psychologist and senior behavioral scientist specializing in health research at the RAND Corporation. She has extensive knowledge of test theory including item response theory and of advanced multivariate analysis methods such as structural equation…

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