HIV/AIDS, HPV, chlamydia, gonorrhea, herpes, and other sexually transmitted diseases can cause depression, pain, and even death. RAND research equips policymakers worldwide with objective data on disease prevention and education, as well as recommendations for improving care while reducing disparities in treatment.
Journal Article
This study examined the association between individual (HIV risk) and structural (service access) factors and past year HIV testing.
Journal Article
Men who experienced discrimination-related interpersonal trauma in their lifetime were more likely than were those who had not experienced such trauma to have engaged in unprotected anal intercourse with a male partner.
Journal Article
Unemployed HIV+ clients in sub-Saharan Africa being treated with ART were more likely to become employed, compared with those not under treatment. Having a higher income was associated with being male and having some secondary education.
Journal Article
HIV-positive men who have sex with men attending party-oriented vacation events engaged in higher rates of illegal drug use and sexual risk than HIV-negative men.
Journal Article
Young women valued communicating their intent not to have sex as an end in itself, but compared with other young women, those who had been raped feel more strongly about protecting their partner's feelings and maintaining a sexual relationship.
Journal Article
This research uses multi-level modeling to investigate the context of unprotected sex among heterosexually active homeless men in the Skid Row area of Los Angeles.
Journal Article
The authors conducted a qualitative case study of HIV involvement among 14 urban congregations in Los Angeles County in 2007.
Journal Article
This study explores how religious congregations interact with other community organizations to address health and, in particular, HIV-related needs within their membership and/or local communities.
Journal Article
HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART) helps alleviate the food insecurity of adults with HIV; in turn, reducing food insecurity may improve ART outcomes.
Journal Article
Despite high levels of depression among persons living with HIV (PLWHIV), little research has investigated the relationship of depression to work status and income in PLWHIV in sub-Saharan Africa, which was the focus of this analysis.
Journal Article
Men who have sex with men (MSM) may account for most new HIV infections in Lebanon, yet little is known about the factors that influence sexual risk behavior and HIV testing in this population.
Report
Provides evidence that food assistance, livelihood interventions, and antiretroviral therapy all have a role to play in improving the economic and nutritional well-being of people living with HIV in developing countries.
Journal Article
Drop-in centers can play an important role in facilitating testing among homeless youth, including among injection drug users, but more outreach is needed to encourage testing in other at-risk subgroups.
Journal Article
This study of condom use among homeless youth in Los Angeles County found that a broad range of individual, relationship, and contexual factors play a role in condom use.
Report
Antiretroviral (ARV) treatment has transformed HIV from a death sentence to a chronic condition, allowing patients to live longer and healthier lives. Options for reducing costs of ARV medications should be explored in order to allow more people to receive treatment.
Journal Article
The present study tested the efficacy of prolonged exposure (PE) at reducing posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms (PTSS), depression, negative posttraumatic cognitions, and substance use in people living with HIV (PLWH).
Journal Article
Using a subsample of respondents to the 2005 Los Angeles County health survey, the authors examined the relationship between perceptions of the seriousness of HIV/AIDS in one's community and HIV testing.
Project
HIV/AIDS can rightly be called an epidemic in the Gulf States. RAND has examined attitudes and beliefs about HIV and AIDS, the roles of faith-based and community organizations, and issues regarding AIDS treatment; this research can help Congressional, state, and local policymakers understand how to approach the challenges posed by HIV/AIDS in the region.
Commentary
Improving HIV prevention and medical care delivery to persons living with HIV/AIDS should be a collaborative effort, particularly in the Gulf States region, where resources are limited but the epidemic is expanding, writes Vivian Towe.
Journal Article
There is a bias-variance tradeoff at work in propensity score estimation; every step toward better balance usually means an increase in variance and at some point a marginal decrease in bias may not be worth the associated increase in variance.
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