Teachers and Teaching

The challenge of transforming underperforming schools and improving student achievement drives RAND's commitment to education. RAND research on teachers and teaching explores a wide range of topics, including instructional practices, technology in the classroom, class size, teacher recruitment and retention, and teacher quality and effectiveness.

Research conducted by: RAND Education; RAND-Qatar Policy Institute; RAND Labor and Population; RAND Europe

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Introducing RAND's Measuring Teacher Effectiveness Website

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Many factors contribute to a student's academic performance, but research suggests that, among school-related factors, teachers matter most. What's less clear is how to measure an individual teacher's effectiveness. A new RAND Education website features fact sheets, blog posts, research briefs, and more on this important issue.

Journal Articles (106)

Incentive Pay Programs Do Not Affect Teacher Motivation or Reported Practices: Results from Three Randomized Studies — Mar 1, 2013

The goal of this study is to examine whether three recently implemented pay-for-performance programs had similar effects on teachers' motivation and reported practices.

A Composite Estimator of Effective Teaching — Jan 10, 2013

Using data from the Measures of Effective Teaching (MET) project, researchers developed a model to compile data from multiple sources that could be used to make inferences about a teacher's impact on student achievement.

Have We Identified Effective Teachers? Validating Measures of Effective Teaching Using Random Assignment — Jan 1, 2013

This report presents an in-depth discussion of the technical methods, findings, and implications of the Measures of Effective Teaching (MET) project's random assignment study of teaching effectiveness measures.

Consider the Evidence — Sep 11, 2012

One of the best ways to increase student learning is to simultaneously increase the time spent on learning and the quality of instruction.

Measuring Value-Added in Higher Education — Sep 1, 2012

In this paper, we outline a practical guide for policymakers interested in developing institutional performance measures for the higher education sector.

An Argument Approach to Observation Protocol Validity — Apr 1, 2012

This article develops a validity argument approach for use on observation protocols currently used to assess teacher quality for high-stakes personnel and professional development decisions.

Teaching and Learning 21st Century Skills: Lessons from the Learning Sciences — Apr 1, 2012

This paper focuses on explaining how 21st century skills should be taught, given what we know about how students learn.

Simultaneous One-Sided Tests with Application to Education Evaluation Systems — Feb 1, 2012

In this article, we discuss controlling simultaneous errors in classification of teachers or schools by a decision-theoretic approach.

Reading Coach Quality: Findings from Florida Middle Schools — Jan 1, 2012

This article examines what constitutes, contributes to, and is associated with high-quality coaches and coaching. Authors find that coaches generally held many of the qualifications recommended by state and national experts and principals and teachers rated their coaches highly on many indicators of quality. However, several common concerns about recruiting, retaining, and supporting high-quality coaches emerged.

Accounting for Movement Between Childcare Classrooms: Does It Change Teacher Effects Interpretations? — Jan 1, 2012

Child care studies that have examined links between teachers' qualifications and children's outcomes often ignore teachers' and children's transitions between classrooms at a center throughout the day and only take into account head teacher qualifications.

Team Pay for Performance: Experimental Evidence from the Round Rock Pilot Project on Team Incentives — Jan 1, 2012

This article examines a program in which bonuses were awarded to teams of middle school teachers based on their collective contribution to student test score gains.

Measuring Instructional Practice in Science Using Classroom Artifacts: Lessons Learned from Two Validation Studies — Jan 1, 2012

This article summarizes the results of two studies that investigated the properties of measures of instruction based on a teacher-generated instrument (the Scoop Notebook) that combines features of portfolios and self-report.

Where You Come from or Where You Go? Distinguishing Between School Quality and the Effectiveness of Teacher Preparation Program Graduates — Jan 1, 2012

The authors consider the challenges and implications of controlling for school contextual bias when modeling teacher preparation program effects.

Professional Learning Orientations: Patterns of Dissonance and Alignment Between Teachers' Values and Practices — Jan 1, 2012

Through its positive influence on teachers' classroom practices and their students' learning, effective professional learning of teachers is an important condition for school improvement. The concept of dissonance between values and practice is a strong theme in the findings and for policy development.

Incentive Pay Programs Do Not Affect Teacher Motivation or Report Practices: Results from Three Randomized Studies — Jan 1, 2012

The goal of this study is to examine whether three recently implemented pay-for-performance programs had similar effects on teachers' motivation and reported practices.

Beyond Incentives: Do Schools Use Accountability Rewards Productively? — Jan 1, 2012

We use a regression discontinuity design to analyze an understudied aspect of school accountability systems—how schools use financial rewards.

Measuring Teaching Quality Using Student Achievement Tests: Lessons from Educators' Responses to No Child Left Behind — Dec 1, 2011

In this timely collection, leading education scholars challenge market-based models of school improvement and argue that merely holding teachers accountable for scores on end-of-the-year exams will not lead to educational improvement.

The Role of Teachers in School-Based Suicide Prevention: A Qualitative Study of School Staff Perspectives — Dec 1, 2011

This study examined teacher roles in the implementation of a district-wide suicide prevention program through focus groups and interviews with middle school teachers, administrators, and other school personnel.

What Are Achievement Gains Worth — to Teachers? — Dec 1, 2011

In 2007, New York City schools commenced a school-level pay-for-performance program for teachers and staff in about 200 schools. The authors found that the program didn't improve schools or student outcomes.

Are We Realising the Full Potential of Teachers' Professional Learning in Schools in England? Policy Issues and Recommendations from a National Study — Nov 1, 2011

The purpose of this article is to bring together findings developed from the Schools and Continuing Professional Development in England – State of the Nation Study.

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