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Given the potential but undefined threat posed to the U.S. homeland by terrorists, the Army needs to decide whether it should hedge against the risk of not being adequately prepared. RAND researchers posed five plausible scenarios and potential Army ...
The Army has embarked on recapitalization programs to rebuild and upgrade equipment. In this endeavor, a critical question is how to scale and design recapitalization programs so that they can achieve the desired level of operational readiness. RAND Arroyo Center sought to help answer this question by conducting a statistical analysis of the relationship between age and equipment readiness on a key item of equipment, the M1 Abrams tank.
RAND Arroyo Center has been exploring ways to improve the training of Army Combat Service Support logistics personnel, focusing on a new strategy that emphasizes the processes at the core of CSS operations. The research has examined the use of microworld models to teach complex management skills and to highlight that teaching with dynamic simulations of specific processes.
Presents an overview of the progress of the Department of Defense in building better biometric capabilities.
Outlines the Department of Defense's collaborative approach for developing and establishing biometric standards that will promote a greater ability in the department to exchange and use information.
Explains a system used by the U.S. Department of Defense that allows biometric data gathered by U.S. military forces abroad to be searched in various U.S. databases in order to identify national security threats.
Discusses three forms of identity protection used by the Department of Defense and the creation of an oversight body to determine how best to deploy these technologies.
Although responding to terrorist attacks and other domestic emergencies is primarily a civilian responsibility, the U.S. Army has a role in filling gaps in civilian capability. Should the Army adopt a hedging strategy to meet the risks of future terrorist attacks and other emergencies? The authors of this report lay out five possible shortfalls in Army capability and suggest five responses the Army can begin today, concluding that the nation needs to decide whether to bear the costs today in order to hedge against future risks.
The authors developed scenarios and conducted political-military games to determine what strategies, tactics, and capabilities potential adversaries might use to complicate U.S. access to key areas and how effective the U.S. counters to these tactics are. They were sanguine about the ability of the U.S. to prevail in the short-term but also identified several concerns and suggested areas of improvement, including expanding the number of in-theater bases that might be available; enhancing the flexibility and deployability of U.S. forces to more austere bases; and upgrading detection, warning, and force protection measures.
As the Army transforms itself for the future and develops new operational concepts and technologies, the Army Medical Department (AMEDD) is identifying operational medicine issues whose resolution will be critical to its ability to support the Army of the future. The purpose of this research was to develop a method to assess these issues and further investigate a subset of them.
When Army equipment fails, its timely repair depends critically on the availability of needed spare parts. This monograph describes the development and implementation of dollar cost banding (DCB), a new algorithm for computing spare parts inventories maintained by Army supply support activities (SSAs). DCB has been used to expand the breadth of deployable inventories, producing immediate and significant gains in performance at little or no additional inventory cost and without sacrificing mobility.
This monograph summarizes a quick-response analysis done for the 2001 Army Science Board Summer Study on Objective Force Soldier. It assessed technology options for future dismounted soldiers that could improve mission effectiveness and reduce casualties. The central findings were that soldier effectiveness and survivability could be moderately improved by individual systems (such as the XM-29, body armor, and links to indirect fire), but significant improvements resulted only from applications of combined systems.
As the Army migrates to a new force structure that is knowledge-based and network-centric, the issue of bandwidth, which facilitates communications capacity, has become increasingly critical. Increases in the number of network participants create shortages of bandwidth supply. The authors examine the Army's projected demands for communications capacity and describe steps that can be taken to address the likely gap between demand and available supply.
This monograph summarizes research in support of the 2002 Army Science Board’s Aviation Study. The study aimed to explore and assess survivability concepts and technologies associated with future heavy-lift transport aircraft that could be used to make possible new operational maneuver options for the Army’s future force.
In the ongoing Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC) process, lands containing unexploded ordnance (UXO) left over from military training have proved particularly difficult and costly to transfer to new users. With a few exceptions, little progress has been made in transferring these lands. This monograph chronicles both the issues that facilitated the transfer of UXO-contaminated lands and those that slowed the transfer, and it offers options for expediting the transfer of these lands.
Military operations in urban areas are among the most complex challenges confronting the U.S. Army. Compared to a number of other nations, the Army has relatively less experience operating in this environment. To that end, this monograph analyzes sustained campaigns of urban terrorism in Sri Lanka, India, and Pakistan, identifying key innovations of the militant organizations. It also details the three states' responses to the threats, noting successful as well as unsuccessful efforts.
In the realm of security cooperation — peacetime activities undertaken by the U.S. armed services with other armed forces and countries — the U.S. Army’s current planning process is exceedingly complex and difficult to coordinate, control, and measure. This monograph seeks to help the U.S. Army improve its ability to assess future demand for resources devoted to security cooperation and to evaluate the impact of these demands upon the resources available to the Army.
Value recovery, in the form of the return and repair of reparable spare parts, involves sizable investments of time and inventory. This monograph describes metrics developed to evaluate the Army’s retrograde processes. Baseline repair times were found to be long: over a month for items repaired below depot and returned to stock. The authors suggest ways to speed up the movement of parts through the system to minimize the size of the parts inventory.
How do the start-of-mission availability and the during-mission reliability of Army equipment affect ground combat capability, and what are the implications for current and future forces? The principal scenario used in the analysis was a forced entry by U.S. forces into rough and heavily foliaged terrain to neutralize opposing forces and stop ethnic cleansing. A second scenario considered an offensive mission in more open terrain.
With respect to military urban operations, this study proposes a new planning approach that employs identification of critical points — the essential elements of the urban area’s physical and demographic terrain — along with the notion of density — the number of elements and activities within the urban space — to aid military personnel in their efforts to overcome the complexity of urban operations.
The Strategic Distribution program (SD) was created to streamline and improve the Defense distribution system and thereby deliver more reliable and cost-effective service to DoD forces and organizations in the United States and around the globe. This documented briefing covers the multistranded story of SD, discussing why a change was needed in Defense distribution, how SD set about transforming the system, and how well that system met the challenge of Operation Enduring Freedom.
Since 1998, the China Reform Forum in Beijing and The RAND Corporation have jointly organized an annual conference of experts from China and the United States. The conference focuses on economic and political-security subjects of mutual concern to China and the United States. It seeks to enhance mutual understanding among scholars and policymakers from both nations. This volume contains papers and discussant comments from the 2003 conference.
In the 2003 annual report, we highlight RAND Arroyo Center's efforts to help the Army become an expeditionary force.
