Computers, the Internet and Medical Education in Africa 2010
This study aimed to explore the use of information and communications technology (ICT) in undergraduate medical education in developing countries.
Publications on Africa
Africa Region Publications by Year:
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2000 and earlier
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Social Networks of PLHA in Uganda: Implications for Mobilizing PLHA as Agents for Prevention 2010
People living with HIV/AIDS in Uganda have social networks that enable them to feel fairly protected and supported in discussing HIV and prevention, and those on antiretroviral treatment may be better prepared to act as prevention advocates.
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Assessing and Understanding Quality of Care in a Labour Ward: A Pilot Study Combining Clinical and Social Science Perspectives in Gondar, Ethiopia 2010
Ensuring high quality intrapartum care in developing countries is a crucial component of efforts to reduce maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity.
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Breaking the Net: Family Structure and Street Children in Zambia 2010
The safety net provided by the African extended family has traditionally been the basis for the assertion that there is no such thing as an orphan in Africa.
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Consumption Smoothing and HIV/AIDS: The Case of Two Communities in South Africa 2010
HIV/AIDS threatens to overstretch the already frail informal safety nets in countries heavily affected by the epidemic, potentially making it difficult for households with HIV‐positive members to keep up appropriate consumption levels when experiencing shocks.
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Early Academic Performance, Grade Repetition, and School Attainment in Senegal: A Panel Data Analysis 2010
This study takes advantage of a unique data set from Senegal that combines test score data for children from the second grade with information on their subsequent school progression from a follow-up survey conducted seven years later.
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Factors Associated with Condom Use Among HIV Clients in Stable Relationships with Partners at Varying Risk for HIV in Uganda 2010
In Uganda, the most significant factor in whether HIV+ couples in stable relationships use condoms is their sense of self efficacy about condom use.
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Family Background, School Characteristics, and Children's Cognitive Achievement in Madagascar 2010
This paper uses linked household, school, and test score data from Madagascar to investigate the relation of household characteristics and school factors to the cognitive skills of children ages 8 to 10 and 14 to 16.
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HIV Prevention in Africa: What Has Been Learned? 2010
There is confusion over which prevention interventions will be effective and in which contexts. This chapter grapples with this issue by surveying what is known (and what remains to be learned) about the effectiveness of HIV-prevention interventions in Africa.
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Private Sector Participation and Health System Performance in Sub-Saharan Africa 2010
Researchers analyzed data on child and maternal health care use from 34 sub-Saharan African countries to examine the association between the degree of private sector participation in the health care system and outcomes related to access and equity.
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Private Sector Participation and Health System Performance in Sub-Saharan Africa 2010
The participation of the private sector in providing health care in developing countries is associated with greater access to care and reduced disparities between rich and poor and urban and rural populations.
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Reconstruction Under Fire: Case Studies and Further Analysis of Civil Requirements 2010
Building on a framework for integrating civil and military counterinsurgency (COIN) first presented in prior RAND research, this volume presents an approach to the civil component of counterinsurgency that builds on detailed background, context analysis, and threat analysis to identify and develop critical civil COIN activities and illustrates them with three case studies from Afghanistan, Iraq, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
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Reproductive Health and Behaviour: HIV/AIDS and Poverty in Africa 2010
This paper examines the complex linkages of poverty, reproductive/sexual health and behavior, and HIV/AIDS in Africa.
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Examining U.S. Counterterrorism Priorities and Strategy Across Africa's Sahel Region 2009
Testimony presented before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, Subcommittee on African Affairs on November 17, 2009.
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Improving Mass Delivery of Antiretroviral Therapy in Sub-Saharan Africa 2009
Provides a summary of strategies for making access to antiretroviral therapy widespread, sustainable, more cost-effective, and efficient, while still providing quality care in sub-Saharan Africa.
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Radical Islam in East Africa 2009
Places the spread of militant Islamism and the development of radical Islamist networks in East Africa in the broader context of the social, economic, and political factors that have shaped the region's security environment.
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Making Liberia Safe: Transformation of the National Security Sector 2007
Discusses the way forward to security sector transformation for the new government of Liberia.
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Agrarian Households in Semi-Arid Tropics: Evaluating Policy Options 2007
This paper identifies which interventions succeed most in preserving smallholders' household wealth. The livestock intervention is the most cost-effective one, and the employment guarantee scheme provides substantial asset protection.
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Making Liberia Safe: Transformation of the National Security Sector 2007
Discusses the way forward to security sector transformation for the new government of Liberia.
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The Global Technology Revolution 2020, Executive Summary: Bio/Nano/Materials/Information Trends, Drivers, Barriers, and Social Implications 2006
Presents foresights into global technology trends and their implications for the world in the year 2020.
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The Global Technology Revolution 2020, In-Depth Analyses: Bio/Nano/Materials/Information Trends, Drivers, Barriers, and Social Implications 2006
Presents in-depth analyses on foresights into global technology trends and their implications for the world in the year 2020.
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Global Technology Revolution 2020: Technology Trends and Cross-Country Variation 2006
This research brief examines how technology changes -- in economic development, health, environmental quality, and military power -- will play out differently across the globe.
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Securing Health: Lessons from Nation-Building Missions 2006
Presents the results of a study that examined the success of international efforts to rebuild public health and health care delivery in seven cases: Germany and Japan immediately after World War II; Somalia, Haiti, and Kosovo in the 1990s; and Afghanistan
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American Public Support for U.S. Military Operations from Mogadishu to Baghdad 2005
Describes American public opinion toward wars and other large military operations over the last decade.
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Aum Shinrikyo, Al Qaeda, and the Kinshasa Reactor: Implications of Three Case Studies for Combating Nuclear Terrorism 2005
Explores attempts by terrorists to acquire nuclear materials and fabricate nuclear systems and suggests that strict controls on nuclear weapons, materials, and expertise will reduce opportunities for terrorists to acquire them.
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Challenges in Program Evaluation of Health Interventions in Developing Countries 2005
Examines various approaches, methodologies, and issues related toevaluation of the impact of health programs in developing countries and waysto make program evaluation more rigorous.
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The Challenges of Creating a Global Health Resource Tracking System 2005
Assesses current systems for tracking health resource flows to and within developing countries to determine what would constitute a truly global tracking system able to address both the needs of potential users and the current systems’ limitations.
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Combating Nuclear Terrorism: Lessons from Aum Shinrikyo, Al Qaeda, and the Kinshasa Reactor 2005
Few terrorist groups have made a systematic effort to acquire nuclear weapons or materials. RAND Project AIR FORCE (PAF) studied three of these cases to to better understand the supply and demand for nuclear materials and why these attempts failed.
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The UN's Role in Nation-Building: From the Congo to Iraq 2005
Reviews UN nation-building efforts to transform unstable countries into democratic, peaceful, and prosperous partners, and compares those efforts to U.S.-led missions.
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What Have We Learned About Establishing Internal Security in Nation-Building? 2005
Comparing nine nation-building efforts in terms of how successful they were at establishing internal security, we found that, with two exceptions, most efforts were either unsuccessful or mixed. These findings were driven by differences in initial co...
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Withdrawing Liquid Assets: How Demographic Trends Affect the Freshwater Supply 2005
Water availability has become a pressing concern in recent years due to unprecedented growth in the earth's human population.
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Economic Downturns and Schooling Inequality, Cameroon, 1987-95 2004
This paper uses the schooling histories of 2,249 pupils to investigate how the economic downturn in Cameroon in the period of 1987-95 affected the schooling inequalities associated with sex of pupil, residence, the family's socio-economic status, and family size.
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The Future of Genetically Modified Crops: Lessons from the Green Revolution 2004
Investigates the circumstances and processes required to establish the new ''Gene Revolution'' in which genetically modified crops are tailored to address chronic agricultural problems in specific regions of the world.
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The Demographic Dividend: A New Perspective on the Economic Consequences of Population Change 2003
There is long-standing debate on how population growth affects national economies. This report examines the history of this debate and synthesizes current research on the topic.
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The Global Course of the Information Revolution: Recurring Themes and Regional Variations 2003
Projects the impact of information technology and the "information revolution" on areas across the globe for the next 10 to 15 years.
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The Global Threat of New and Reemerging Infectious Diseases: Reconciling U.S. National Security and Public Health Policy 2003
This study offers a comprehensive analysis of the security implications of the spread of infectious diseases, including case studies of HIV/AIDS in South Africa and major public health challenges currently confronting the United States.
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Banking the "Demographic Dividend": How Population Dynamics Can Affect Economic Growth 2002
This research brief describes work documented in The Demographic Dividend: A New Perspective on the Economic Consequences of Population Change (MR-1274-WFHF/DLPF/RF).
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The Origins and Evolution of Family Planning Programs in Developing Countries 2002
This book analyzes the origins and rationale of family planning programs and how they have evolved based on experience in different country settings.
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What is the Quality of Care in a Developing Country? Measuring Physician Practice and Health Outcomes 2002
Although it is widely believed that less-developed countries have lower standards of medical care than the developed world, there are few quantifiable measures of quality of clinical care in less-developed countries. The objectives of this dissertati...
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The Environmental Implications of Population Dynamics 2000
This report discusses the relationship between population and environmental change, the forces that mediate this relationship, and how population dynamics specifically affect climate change and land-use change.
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Global Shifts in Population: The Coming Pressures of Immigration 2001
This model shows how the current dynamic of population growth differs from that of earlier periods and suggests that the world will see increasing pressures for migration to the developed world.
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Networks and Netwars: The Future of Terror, Crime, and Militancy 2001
Netwar includes conflicts waged, on the one hand, by terrorists, criminals, gangs, and ethnic extremists; and by civil-society activists on the other. What distinguishes netwar is the networked organizational structure of its practitioners -- with many groups actually being leaderless -- and their quickness in coming together in swarming attacks.
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Taking Charge: A Bipartisan Report to the President-Elect on Foreign Policy and National Security — Discussion Papers 2001
A collection of discussion papers, prepared by RAND staff and others, that analyze the most critical foreign and national security issues facing the United States, both during the early days of the incoming presidential administration and in the long term.
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Trends in Outside Support for Insurgent Movements 2001
Outside supporters, including state and non-state sponsors, of insurgent movements offer various forms of assistance to insurgents based on a wide range of motivations.
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World Population Shifts: Boom or Doom? 2001
These demographic differences, as well as widening economic differences, between the developed and less-developed world are increasing the flow of people toward the developed world.
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How Americans View World Population Issues: A Survey of Public Opinion 2000
Presents results of a national survey of how Americans view global demographic trends and issues in the context of U.S. international economic assistance.
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Identifying Potential Ethnic Conflict: Application of a Process Model 2000
Intrastate communitarian strife, often dubbed ethnic conflict, has gained much attention in the aftermath of the Cold War. This report outlines a model for anticipating the occurrence of communitarian and ethnic conflict.
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The Security Dynamics of Demographic Factors 2000
The author lays out a general framework for looking at population developments through the prism of security issues, proffering some preliminary assessments as to which trends or factors might threaten U.S. interests around the world.
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Social Capital, Technology Diffusion and Sustainable Growth in the Developing World 2000
The author develops an agent-based macro-econometric model for the developing world that endogenizes the process of technology diffusion by formalizing the role of social interactions.
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Family Planning in Developing Countries: An Unfinished Success Story 1998
If global fertility has declined so sharply, should the United States and other donor countries continue to invest in overseas population assistance programs, particularly family planning?
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The Value of Family Planning Programs in Developing Countries 1998
Family planning programs have been highly successful over the past 30 years in providing women in development countries with desired access to contraceptive services and helping to reduce fertility rates.
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Communication and Democracy: Coincident Revolutions and the Emergent Dictators 1997
This study addresses the relationship between democracy and the new communication media by applying theory and data analysis. The author concludes that one cannot reject a hypothesis that democracy and networked communication are positively correlated.
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Contraception and Fertility in Zimbabwe: Family Planning Services and Education Make a Difference 1997
Controlling for access to services, education is a powerful predictor of both fertility and contraceptive use, particularly among younger women, who have benefited from the large increase in education opportunities since independence.
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U.S. and Russian Policymaking With Respect to the Use of Force 1996
This volume presents case studies of U.S. and Russian peacekeeping and peacemaking operations since the end of the Cold War.
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The New Marxist-Leninist States in the Third World 1984
This paper reviews the emergence of six Marxist-Leninist regimes among Third World Nations: Afghanistan, Yemen, Angola, Mozambique, Ethiopia, and Nicaragua.
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The Evolution of the Soviet Use of Surrogates in Military Relations with the Third World, with Particular Emphasis on Cuban Participation in Africa 1979
It is hoped that the study will shed some light upon the evolution of Soviet use of proxies in an active combat role, and, particularly in the case of Cuba, will indicate the nature of Soviet leverage upon its surrogate.
