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RAND Review: May-June 2020

Feature stories explore how military and local governments can work together to prepare their communities for climate change, and the unmet needs of civilians who return from war zones and other hot spots throughout the world.

May 22, 2020
Report

Preserving Small Businesses: Small-Business Owners Speak About Surviving the COVID-19 Pandemic

With the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic causing severe economic dislocations, interviews with 21 business owners revealed concerns about a need for assistance in covering fixed operating costs and about worker safety.

May 22, 2020

C. Richard Neu, Diana Gehlhaus, Howard J. Shatz
Report

Report

Subscription Models for Prescription Drugs: The Motivation, Potential, and Limitations of a New Payment Model

The authors argue that, conceptually, the main advantage of subscription models over traditional prescription drug payment arrangements is that they could reduce some sources of uncertainty in spending for payers and in revenue for manufacturers.

May 21, 2020

Harry H. Liu, Andrew W. Mulcahy, Adam J. Rose
Journal Article

Journal Article

COVID-19 Preparedness in Nursing Homes in the Midst of the Pandemic

We describe the COVID-19 preparedness of nursing homes across the nation.

May 21, 2020

Denise D. Quigley, Andrew W. Dick, Mansi Agarwal, Karen Jones, Lona Mody, Patricia Stone
Journal Article

Journal Article

Meeting Climate, Mobility, and Equity Goals in Transportation Planning Under Wide-Ranging Scenarios: A Demonstration of Robust Decision Making

Robust Decision Making offers a promising complement and possibly future alternative to current prediction-based and scenario approaches that could help planners better manage in today's conditions of fast-paced change.

May 21, 2020

Robert J. Lempert, James Syme, George Mazur, Debra Knopman, Garett Ballard-Rosa, Kacey Lizon, Ifeanyi Edochie
Report

Report

Enhancing Assessments of Space Mission Assurance

The authors describe decisionmaker needs for assessments of space mission assurance (SMA), challenges for conducting SMA assessments, the shortfalls that may result from the challenges, and options for addressing the shortfalls.

May 20, 2020

Brien Alkire, Yool Kim, Matthew Berry, David Blancett, James Dimarogonas, Niraj Inamdar, Sherrill Lingel, Nicholas Martin, George Nacouzi, Joel B. Predd, William A. Williams
Journal Article

Suddenly Becoming a "Virtual Doctor": Experiences of Psychiatrists Transitioning to Telemedicine During the COVID-19 Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic has driven a dramatic shift in how psychiatrists deliver care. Findings highlight that although psychiatrists express some concerns about the quality of these encounters, the transition has been largely positive for both patients and physicians.

May 19, 2020

Lori Uscher-Pines, Jessica Sousa, Pushpa Raja, Ateev Mehrotra, Michael L. Barnett, Haiden A. Huskamp
Journal Article

Journal Article

Natech or Natural? An Analysis of Hazard Perceptions, Institutional Trust, and Future Storm Worry Following Hurricane Harvey

The present study examined the relationships hazard perceptions had with institutional trust and future storm worry following Hurricane Harvey.

May 19, 2020

Tim Slack, Vanessa Parks, Lynsay Ayer, Andrew M. Parker, Melissa L. Finucane, Rajeev Ramchand
Report

Report

Building a Broader Evidence Base for Defense Acquisition Policymaking

This report summarizes the case for a broader evidence base for defense acquisition policymaking. It also describes a prototype policy game focused on Middle-Tier Acquisition that researchers developed to enrich the available evidence base.

May 19, 2020

Elizabeth M. Bartels, Jeffrey A. Drezner, Joel B. Predd
Report

Options for Maintaining Clinical Proficiency During Peacetime

The U.S. Army Medical Department cares for war wounded during conflict and operates medical treatment facilities that care for service members, their beneficiaries, and military retirees. How can the Army help providers prepare at home for wartime?

May 19, 2020

Edward W. Chan, Heather Krull, Sangeeta C. Ahluwalia, James R. Broyles, Daniel A. Waxman, Jill Gurvey, Paul M. Colthirst, JoEllen Schimmels, Anthony Marinos
Journal Article

Journal Article

Examining the Association Between Religiosity and Medical Mistrust Among Churchgoing Latinos in Long Beach, CA

The present study examined the association between religiosity and medical mistrust in a sample of Latino adults attending Catholic and Pentecostal churches in Long Beach, CA.

May 19, 2020

Daniel F. López-Cevallos, Karen Rocío Flórez, Kathryn Pitkin Derose
Journal Article

Journal Article

Incidence and Treatment Costs of Severe Bacterial Infections Among People Who Inject Heroin: A Cohort Study in South London, England

A study examined the rates of hospitalisation or death related to severe bacteria infections among people who inject heroin in South London, England. The report compared these rates to the general population and calculated the cost of admissions.

May 19, 2020

Dan Lewer, Vivian D. Hope, Magdalena Harris, Michael Kelleher, Amelia Jewell, Megan Pritchard, John Strang, Katherine I. Morley
Report

Weighing U.S. Troop Withdrawal from Iraq: Strategic Risks and Recommendations

Supporting a stable and friendly Iraq is in the long-term interest of the United States, and this requires maintaining a small force of military advisers to help train and develop Iraqi military capabilities so that Iraq can defend itself.

May 19, 2020

Ben Connable, James Dobbins, Howard J. Shatz, Raphael S. Cohen, Becca Wasser
Journal Article

Journal Article

Do Recent Experiences of Sexual Violence and Co-Occurring Depression and Anxiety Symptoms Predict Poorer Functioning One Year Later During the Transition to Young Adulthood?

This study suggests that past year experiences of sexual violence, along with concurrent depression and anxiety symptoms, can affect functioning across a variety of health domains one year later during early young adulthood.

May 19, 2020

Jordan P. Davis, Eric R. Pedersen, Anthony Rodriguez, Joan S. Tucker, Rachana Seelam, Regina A. Shih, Elizabeth J. D'Amico
Report

Report

U.S. Coast Guard Workforce 2040: Better Management Through Transparency

This Perspective describes several ways in which the U.S. Coast Guard can effectively recruit and retain its future workforce by providing greater transparency in personnel management practices, inspired by a U.S. Coast Guard Evergreen V workshop.

May 18, 2020

Susan A. Resetar, Michelle D. Ziegler, Aaron C. Davenport, Melissa Bauman
Journal Article

Journal Article

Day by Day: Investigating Variation in Elementary Mathematics Instruction That Supports the Common Core

This article investigates the extent to which students were being engaged in complex practices exemplified by Common Core State Standards for Mathematics and the Standards for Mathematical Practice on a daily basis, according to teachers' reports.

May 15, 2020

Jonathan Schweig, Julia H. Kaufman, V. Darleen Opfer
Journal Article

Journal Article

The Social Structure of Climate Change Research and Practitioner Engagement: Evidence from California

This study thus examines the perspectives and experiences of researchers regarding practitioner engagement, drawing from an original survey of California's climate research community and supplemental interviews.

May 15, 2020

Zeke Baker, Julia A. Ekstrom, Kelsey D. Meagher, Benjamin Lee Preston, Louise Bedsworth
Report

Face Recognition Technologies: Designing Systems that Protect Privacy and Prevent Bias

In this report, the authors propose a heuristic with two dimensions -- consent status and comparison type -- to determine levels of privacy and accuracy in face recognition technologies. They also identify privacy and bias concerns.

May 14, 2020

Douglas Yeung, Rebecca Balebako, Carlos Ignacio Gutierrez Gaviria, Michael Chaykowsky
Report

Report

Writing Instruction in U.S. Classrooms: Diverging Perspectives for Teachers Across Content Areas

This American Educator Panels Data Note provides insights into secondary teachers' perceptions of their preparedness to teach and assess writing skills and their levels of support in the classroom.

May 14, 2020

William R. Johnston
Report

The Risk-Mitigation Value of the Transportation Worker Identification Credential: A Comprehensive Security Assessment of the TWIC Program

The Transportation Worker Identification Credential (TWIC) is designed to enhance security at U.S. ports. This report provides the findings from an assessment of the TWIC program, along with the assessors' recommendations.

May 13, 2020

Heather J. Williams, Kristin Van Abel, David Metz, James V. Marrone, Edward W. Chan, Katherine Costello, Ryan Michael Bauer, Devon Hill, Simon Veronneau, Joseph C. Chang, Ian Mitch, Joshua Lawrence Traub, Sarah Soliman, Zachary Haldeman, Kelly Klima, Douglas C. Ligor

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