Published Research

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Report
Reforming Military Health Care Costs: Issues for Future Research
The authors of this report describe emerging topics related to military health care costs and policy to provide policymakers and researchers with future research to pursue.
Mar 13, 2023
Patricia K. Tong, Kandice A. Kapinos
Report
Russia's Asymmetric Response to 21st Century Strategic Competition: Robotization of the Armed Forces
The authors explore Russian views on the military applications of robotics and artificial intelligence and how they differ from the United States' views on the matter. They assess whether Moscow has delivered -- or can deliver -- its robotization vision.
Mar 13, 2023
Krystyna Marcinek, Eugeniu Han
Report
Supply Chain Interdependence and Geopolitical Vulnerability: The Case of Taiwan and High-End Semiconductors
The authors conducted a tabletop exercise to assess the geopolitical implications of Taiwan's semiconductor dominance and the vulnerabilities of the semiconductor supply chain using two scenarios in which China attempted to unify with Taiwan.
Mar 13, 2023
Bradley Martin, Laura H. Baldwin, Paul DeLuca, Natalia Henriquez Sanchez, Mark Hvizda, Colin D. Smith, N. Peter Whitehead
Tool
CLARO Intervention User Manual: A Guide for Care Teams and Individual Practitioners
The Collaboration Leading to Addiction Treatment and Recovery from Other Stresses research study advances collaborative care treatment for patients who have opioid use disorder with major depressive disorder and/or posttraumatic stress disorder.
Mar 10, 2023
Karen Chan Osilla, Brian Hurley, Vanessa Jacobsohn, Monique Martineau, Shreyas Bharadwaj, Isabel Leamon, Lisa S. Meredith, Venice Ceballos, Grace Hindmarch, Virginia Chitwood-Sedore, Laura Brown, Jasen Christensen, Katherine E. Watkins, Miriam Komaromy
Journal Article
Association of Polysubstance Use Disorder with Treatment Quality Among Medicaid Beneficiaries with Opioid Use Disorder
Ongoing progress toward increasing access to and quality of evidence-based treatment for OUD requires further efforts to ensure that individuals with co-occurring SUDs are engaged and retained in effective treatment.
Mar 10, 2023
Rosanna Smart, Joo Yeon Kim, Susan Kennedy, Lu Tang, Lindsay Allen, Dushka Crane, Aimee Mack, Shamis Mohamoud, Nathan Pauly, Rosa Perez, Julie M. Donohue
Journal Article
The Nuffield Early Language Intervention Scale-Up: Evaluation Report Year 1
This study was a mixed methods process evaluation of the implementation of NELI at scale. The objectives were to assess and understand the scaling process and to provide recommendations for supporting future scale-up of educational interventions.
Mar 10, 2023
Emma Disley, Madeline Nightingale, Giovanni Amodeo, Asha Haider, Andreas Culora, Sashka Dimova, Lucy Gilder, Mann Virdee
Journal Article
The Nuffield Early Language Intervention Scale-Up: Evaluation Report Year 2
The Year 2 Report is a mixed methods process evaluation of the implementation of NELI at scale across schools in England, using surveys, interviews and case studies. It focuses on schools who signed up to deliver NELI in the 2021/22 academic year.
Mar 10, 2023
Emma Disley, Madeline Nightingale, Asha Haider, Giovanni Amodeo, Mann Virdee
Journal Article
Screening for Opioid Use Disorder and Co-Occurring Depression and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Primary Care in New Mexico
This study helps quantify the extent of diagnostic and treatment service gaps for opioid use disorder and co-occurring mental health disorders in primary care settings serving rural and socioeconomically disadvantaged patients in New Mexico.
Mar 10, 2023
Cristina Murray-Krezan, Alex R. Dopp, Lina Tarhuni, Mary D. Carmody, Kirsten Becker, Jessica Anderson, Miriam Komaromy, Lisa S. Meredith, Katherine E. Watkins, Katherine Wagner, Kimberly Page
Journal Article
Collaboration Leading to Addiction Treatment and Recovery from Other Stresses (CLARO): Process of Adapting Collaborative Care for Co-Occurring Opioid Use and Mental Disorders
To address a treatment and quality gap, RAND researchers adapted collaborative care for co-occurring opioid use disorder and mental health disorders.
Mar 10, 2023
Karen Chan Osilla, Alex R. Dopp, Katherine E. Watkins, Venice Ceballos, Brian Hurley, Lisa S. Meredith, Isabel Leamon, Vanessa Jacobsohn, Miriam Komaromy
Journal Article
Design of CLARO (Collaboration Leading to Addiction Treatment and Recovery from Other Stresses): A Randomized Trial of Collaborative Care for Opioid Use Disorder and Co-Occurring Depression And/Or Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
This article describes the CLARO collaborative care for co-occurring disorders intervention and clinical trial.
Mar 10, 2023
Lisa S. Meredith, Miriam Komaromy, Matthew Cefalu, Cristina Murray-Krezan, Kimberly Page, Karen Chan Osilla, Alex R. Dopp, Isabel Leamon, Lina Tarhuni, Grace Hindmarch, Vanessa Jacobsohn, Katherine E. Watkins
Journal Article
Follow-Up Shadow Coaching Improves Primary Care Provider-Patient Interactions and Maintains Improvements When Conducted Regularly: A Spline Model Analysis
Re-coaching improved patient experience more than initial coaching, suggesting the reactivation of knowledge from initial coaching. However, re-coaching gains also eroded. Coaching should occur every 6–12 months to maintain behaviors and scores.
Mar 9, 2023
Denise D. Quigley, Marc N. Elliott, Mary Ellen Slaughter, Efrain Talamantes, Ron D. Hays
Report
In the Wreckage of ISIS: An Examination of Challenges Confronting Detained and Displaced Populations in Northeastern Syria
The authors examine the humanitarian and security conditions in two Syrian camps for internally displaced persons: al-Hol and Roj. They address concerns about radicalization and highlight challenges in returning displaced residents to their homes.
Mar 9, 2023
Karen M. Sudkamp, Nathan Vest, Erik E. Mueller, Todd C. Helmus
Report
Unraveling Entanglement: Policy Implications of Using Non-Dedicated Systems for Nuclear Command and Control
It has been argued that the use of common systems for conventional and nuclear command and control risks inadvertent escalation. The authors argue that these concerns have been overstated and that the risks are manageable, with a few caveats.
Mar 9, 2023
Don Snyder, Alexis A. Blanc
Report
Talent Management and Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in the Department of the Air Force: Qualitative Review of Programs, Practices, and Partnerships
Researchers conduct a qualitative literature review and interviews with subject-matter experts to identify the Department of the Air Force's existing and planned efforts to improve diversity, equity, and inclusion in its military force.
Mar 9, 2023
Maria C. Lytell, Elicia M. John, Melissa Shostak, Miriam Matthews
Report
Proxy Warfare in Strategic Competition: State Motivations and Future Trends
The authors used quantitative analysis and case studies of China, Iran, and Russia to examine the causes and likely future trends in proxy wars: civil wars in which at least one local warring party receives material support from an external state.
Mar 9, 2023
Stephen Watts, Bryan Frederick, Nathan Chandler, Mark Toukan, Christian Curriden, Erik E. Mueller, Edward Geist, Ariane M. Tabatabai, Sara Plana, Brandon Corbin, Jeffrey Martini
Report
Proxy Warfare in Strategic Competition: Overarching Findings and Recommendations
This report synthesizes the findings and recommendations from two companion reports on intrastate proxy wars: civil wars in which at least one local warring party receives material support from an external state.
Mar 9, 2023
Stephen Watts, Bryan Frederick, Nathan Chandler, Mark Toukan, Christian Curriden, Erik E. Mueller, Edward Geist, Ariane M. Tabatabai, Sara Plana, Brandon Corbin, Jeffrey Martini
Report
Proxy Warfare in Strategic Competition: Military Implications
The authors examine the military implications of intrastate proxy wars (civil wars in which at least one local warring party receives material support from an external state) via a literature review and four case studies.
Mar 9, 2023
Stephen Watts, Bryan Frederick, Nathan Chandler, Mark Toukan, Christian Curriden, Erik E. Mueller, Edward Geist, Ariane M. Tabatabai, Sara Plana, Brandon Corbin, Jeffrey Martini
Report
Interventions for People Who Have Attempted Suicide and Their Family Members: A Systematic Review
A history of having attempted suicide is an important risk factor for suicide. In this report, the authors review the uptake, retention, and effectiveness of suicide aftercare interventions after an attempt.
Mar 8, 2023
Kristie L. Gore, Christine Chen, Ning Fu, Jody Larkin, Aneesa Motala, Susanne Hempel
Testimony
Challenges to U.S. National Security and Competitiveness Posed by AI
Testimony presented before the U.S. Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs on March 8, 2023.
Mar 8, 2023
Jason Matheny
Journal Article
Magic, Religion, and Science: Secularization Trends and Continued Coexistence
We conducted two studies, an American nationally representative survey and a comparative phylogenetic analysis of religious traditions, to test three hypothesized cultural evolutionary drivers for beliefs in magic.
Mar 8, 2023
Luke J. Matthews, Werner Hertzog, Thanos Kyritsis, Rose Kerber

Published Research

Featured Publications

The Science of Gun Policy: A Critical Synthesis of Research Evidence on the Effects of Gun Policies in the United States, Third Edition 2023

Little in Common: Prospects for U.S.-China and U.S.-Russia Security Cooperation 2023

Assessing Pittsburgh's Science- and Technology-Focused Workforce Ecosystem 2023

Expanding Army Cooperation Between the United States and France in the Indo-Pacific 2023

Evaluation of Mental Health First Aid in New York City 2023

Gaining Victory in Systems Warfare: China's Perspective on the U.S.-China Military Balance 2023