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Cancer

Journal Article
The National Cancer Institute's Conference on Acupuncture for Symptom Management in Oncology: State of the Science, Evidence, and Research Gaps
The National Cancer Institute's "Acupuncture for Cancer Symptom Management" symposium reviewed the evidence on acupuncture use for clinical oncology treatment; this paper provides a summary and recommendations for future research.
Dec 15, 2017
Journal Article
Comparative Effectiveness Research in Integrative Oncology
Future research in the field of integrative oncology should incorporate comparative effectiveness research stakeholders, patient-reported outcomes, and economic evaluations.
Dec 15, 2017
Journal Article
Association Between Physicians' Experiences With Members of Their Social Network and Efforts to Reduce Breast Cancer Screening
Helping clinicians reflect on how their experiences influence their current screening patterns may be an important approach to improving their adherence to revised breast cancer screening guidelines.
Dec 7, 2017
Journal Article
Accounting for Misclassification in Electronic Health Records-derived Exposures Using Generalized Linear Finite Mixture Models
Exposures derived from EHRs may be misclassified, leading to biased estimates of their association with outcomes of interest: finite mixture models can correct biases with no loss of efficiency.
Dec 7, 2017
Journal Article
When Guidelines Conflict: A Case Study of Mammography Screening Initiation in the 1990s
Analyzing the history of age-mammography patterns in the US may help us better understand and address current guideline conflicts.
Dec 5, 2017
Journal Article
Medicare Beneficiaries With Advanced Lung Cancer Experience Diverse Patterns Of Care From Diagnosis To Death
The substantial variations across sites in patterns of end-of-life care for patients with cancer should be factored in to efforts to improve care.
Aug 1, 2017
Journal Article
Cohort Restriction Based on Prior Enrollment: Examining Potential Biases in Estimating Cancer and Mortality Risk
This paper investigates the potential for selection bias, to assess whether restricting cohort studies based on prior enrollment created a cohort with a different risk of cancer or death than the full enrollee population.
Jun 28, 2017
Journal Article
Telomere Length and Neighborhood Circumstances: Evaluating Biological Response to Unfavorable Exposures
Studying neighborhood effects on telomere length could provide insight into how neighborhood factors relate to biology.
May 31, 2017
Journal Article
Physician Breast Cancer Screening Recommendations Following Guideline Changes: Results of a National Survey
Physicians' recommendations for when to start and end breast cancer screening vary, depending on their level of trust with the guideline-issuing organization.
May 23, 2017
Journal Article
Follow-up of Positive Fecal Test Results: Sooner Is Better, but How Much Better?
Patients prefer less invasive approaches such as fecal immunochemical test (FIT) for colorectal cancer screening, but the effectiveness of FIT depends on annual screenings for those with negative test results and colonoscopy if FIT tests are positive.
May 23, 2017
Report
A General Agent-Based Model of Social Learning
This report describes a general agent-based model (ABM) for studying social learning, and uses that general ABM to explore the relationship between micro-influence and macro-dynamics for broad classes of problems.
Mar 31, 2017
Journal Article
Medical Oncologists' Experiences in Using Genomic Testing for Lung and Colorectal Cancer Care
More research is needed to determine whether the observed variation in genomic testing for lung and colorectal cancer reflects appropriate or inappropriate care.
Mar 13, 2017
Journal Article
Misclassification Risk of Tier-Based Physician Quality Performance Systems
Current methods for determining whether a provider performs above or below a certain threshold do not always produce accurate results.
Nov 8, 2016
Journal Article
Variations in Oncologist Recommendations for Chemotherapy for Stage IV Lung Cancer: What Is the Role of Performance Status?
Oncologists often recommend chemotherapy to stage-IV non-small-cell lung cancer patients who are unlikely to benefit from this treatment.
Nov 4, 2016
Journal Article
Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force
Each of the diagnostics for colorectal cancer has a different level of evidence supporting its ability to detect cancer and associated risks of serious adverse effects. More research is needed to clarify the evidence base.
Oct 12, 2016
Journal Article
Influence of Age and Comorbidity on Colorectal Cancer Screening in the Elderly
Screening for colorectal cancer would benefit from re-evaluation of age-based guidelines as well as improved screening completion among the elderly.
Sep 13, 2016
Journal Article
Populations and Interventions for Palliative and End-of-Life Care: A Systematic Review
This evidence review found that palliative care improves outcomes for cancer, dementia, congestive heart failure, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Sep 12, 2016
Journal Article
Association Between Number of Endoscopic Resections and Utilization of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Therapy for Patients with High-Grade, Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
Using induction Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (the reference standard treatment) early when treating non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer could help prevent reoccurrences rather than just reacting to them.
Aug 26, 2016
Journal Article
Radiologists' Interpretive Skills in Screening Vs. Diagnostic Mammography: Are They Related?
There is a statistically significant, but weak to moderate correlation, between radiologists' interpretive performance in screen mammography and their interpretive performance in diagnostic mammography.
Aug 24, 2016
Journal Article
Diagnostic Value of Systematic Biopsy Methods in the Investigation of Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review
Comparison of cancer detection rates and complications of different extended prostate biopsy schemes (greater than 6 cores) proposed for diagnostic evaluation in men scheduled for biopsy to identify the optimal scheme.
Jul 26, 2016

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RAND Topic:
Cancer

Topic Synonyms:
Carcinoma;
Neoplasms;
Oncology;
Sarcoma

Research conducted by

RAND Health Care