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Cancer

Journal Article

Discussions About Clinical Trials Among Patients with Newly Diagnosed Lung and Colorectal Cancer

Clinical trials are essential to establish the effectiveness of new cancer therapies, but less than 5% of adults with cancer enroll in trials.

Sep 26, 2014
Journal Article

Developing a Global Cancer Stigma Index

The cancer stigma index can be used to inform initial cancer education efforts, identifying overall stigma levels in a country or community and particular issue areas requiring intervention.

Jul 1, 2014
Project

Estimating the Economic Returns on Cancer Research in the UK

The UK government invests approximately £1.6 billion in medical research each year, and the British public donated £1.7 billion to medical research charities in 2012–13. This funding delivers health gains for patients and also benefits the UK economy at a 40 percent return annually.

Jun 16, 2014
Report

Investigating time lags and attribution in the translation of cancer research: A case study approach

RAND Europe and HERG were asked by UK medical research funders to investigate returns to public/charitable investment in cancer research. This report details the five case studies conducted as part of this work and observations emerging across them.

Jun 15, 2014
Journal Article

Landmark Estimation of Survival and Treatment Effect in a Randomized Clinical Trial

In many studies with a survival outcome, it is often not feasible to fully observe the primary event of interest. This often leads to heavy censoring and thus, difficulty in efficiently estimating survival or comparing survival rates between two groups.

Mar 1, 2014
Journal Article

Adverse Health Outcomes Associated with Surgical Management of the Small Renal Mass

Partial nephrectomy and radical nephrectomy may lead to adverse health outcomes.

Feb 1, 2014
Journal Article

Updated Trends in Imaging Use in Men Diagnosed with Prostate Cancer

There is widespread misuse of imaging tests in men with low-risk prostate cancer, particularly for CT. These findings highlight the need for examination of factors that drive decision making with respect to imaging in this setting.

Jan 1, 2014
Journal Article

Physician-reported Barriers to Referring Cancer Patients to Specialists: Prevalence, Factors, and Association with Career Satisfaction

Many physicians experience barriers to specialty referral for cancer patients. Uniform systems for providing and tracking timely referrals may enhance care and promote physician career satisfaction.

Jan 1, 2014
Journal Article

Physicians' Propensity to Discuss Prognosis Is Associated with Patients' Awareness of Prognosis for Metastatic Cancers

Explores the impact of physicians' propensity to discuss prognosis on advanced cancer patients' prognosis awareness.

Jan 1, 2014
Journal Article

Social Network Effects of Nonlifesaving Early-Stage Breast Cancer Detection on Mammography Rates

We estimated the effect of anecdotes of early-stage, screen-detected cancer for which screening was not lifesaving on the demand for mammography.

Jan 1, 2014
Journal Article

Community-partnered Collaboration to Build an Integrated Palliative Care Clinic: The View from Urology

An integrated, patient-centered model for individuals with advanced urologic malignancies is feasible and well received by practitioners.

Jan 1, 2014
Journal Article

Utilization of Renal Mass Biopsy in Patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma

At present, most patients who eventually undergo radical or partial nephrectomy do not undergo RMB, whereas most patients who eventually undergo ablation or systemic therapy do. The optimal use of RMB in the evaluation of kidney tumors has yet to be determined.

Jan 1, 2014
Journal Article

Associations Between Socioeconomic Status and Obesity in Diverse, Young Adolescents: Variation Across Race/Ethnicity and Gender

This study examined the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and obesity risk during early adolescence, ages 10–13 years, and whether this association is present in different racial/ethnic and gender groups during 2 time points in early adolescence.

Jan 1, 2014
Journal Article

Benefits of Slowing the Aging Process

Most medical research focuses on fighting individual disease. But delayed aging could boost life expectancy by more than two years and yield more than $7 trillion over 50 years. Greater investment in research to delay aging could be a very efficient way to prevent disease, improve public health, and extend healthy life.

Oct 1, 2013
Journal Article

Enrollment of Patients with Lung and Colorectal Cancers Onto Clinical Trials

Both practice environment and patient clinical and demographic characteristics are associated with cancer clinical trial enrollment; simultaneous intervention may be required when trying to increase enrollment rates.

Mar 1, 2013
Journal Article

Chemotherapy Use and Patient Treatment Preferences in Advanced Colorectal Cancer: A Prospective Cohort Study

The objective of this study was to determine how patient preferences guide the course of palliative chemotherapy for advanced colorectal cancer.

Feb 1, 2013
Journal Article

Practice Economics and the Decision to Prescribe Oral Oncolytics

A survey of oncology practice managers was used to obtain quantitative and qualitative data on practice characteristics and treatment patterns.

Jan 1, 2013
Journal Article

Use of Imaging and Biomarker Tests for Posttreatment Care of Early-Stage Breast Cancer Survivors

Use of nonrecommended services for surveillance occurs frequently among early-stage breast cancer survivors.

Jan 1, 2013
Journal Article

Validity of Race, Ethnicity, and National Origin in Population-Based Cancer Registries and Rapid Case Ascertainment Enhanced with a Spanish Surname List

Accurate information regarding race, ethnicity, and national origins is critical for identifying disparities in the cancer burden.

Jan 1, 2013
Journal Article

Quantifying 'Problematic' DIF Within an IRT Framework: Application to a Cancer Stigma Index

This paper introduces two metrics for IRT DIF evaluation that can discern potentially problematic DIF among items flagged with statistically significant DIF.

Jan 1, 2013

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RAND Topic:
Cancer

Topic Synonyms:
Carcinoma;
Neoplasms;
Oncology;
Sarcoma

Research conducted by

RAND Health Care