Earth Sciences

Journal Article

Carrots and Sticks for New Technology: Abating Greenhouse Gas Emissions in a Heterogeneous and Uncertain World

Many governments use technology incentives as an important component of their greenhouse gas abatement strategies.

Journal Article

Hydroxyl Radical Concentrations Estimated from Measurements of Trichloroethylene During the EASE/ACSOE Campaign at Mace Head, Ireland During July 1996

Trichloroethylene concentrations in concert with many other trace gases became elevated as regionally-polluted and photochemically-aged air masses reached Mace Head.

Report

Managing Waste With and Without Plutonium Separation

This study examines whether reprocessing and plutonium recycle will make radioactive waste management more effective and economical.

Report

Environmental Management in Design: Lessons from Volvo and Hewlett-Packard for the Department of Defense

The authors of this report concentrate on two corporations -- Volvo and Hewlett-Packard -- to identify the key factors that led to successful implementation of a design-for-environment program.

Report

Monitoring for Fine Particulate Matter

Particulate matter (PM) comes from a variety of sources and is a mixture of many pollutants made up of several different chemical species. Monitoring to determine whether an area has met EPA standards requires a comprehensive approach.

Report

California’s Ozone-Reduction Strategy for Light-Duty Vehicles: Direct Costs, Direct Emission Effects, and Market Responses

The study analyzes costs, emissions effects, effects on vehicle markets, and the distribution of costs for regulations for California's multi-pronged strategy.

Testimony

Economic Perspectives on Revising California’s Zero-Emission Vehicle Mandate

This publication contains the written statement of Lloyd S. Dixon and Steven Garber delivered on March 28, 1996, to the California Air Resources Board.

Research Brief

Cleaning Up California's Vehicles: Tuning the Policy Mix

Analyzed the costs and emission effects of California's strategy for reducing emissions from light-duty vehicles -- passenger cars and light-duty trucks.

Report

''Typical Weather'' Months in the Past (1973-1983) in Central Europe

This Note documents historical periods of Central European weather that reliably typify average weather conditions for any chosen season.

Report

New Weather Sensing and Forecasting Capabilities for Ground-to-Space Operations

Certain weather variables exercise an important control over space operations, either by making a launch infeasible or by adversely affecting the space vehicle and its trajectory.

Report

Laser-Induced Destruction of Hazardous Chemicals: A Preliminary Analysis

This study is an initial analysis of a novel technique for decomposing certain dangerous chemical gases before they are released to the atmosphere.

Report

Sea-Ice Conditions in the Norwegian, Barents, and White Seas

An investigation of the possible effects of climatic change on the military posture of the United States and the Soviet Union.

Report

The Atmospheric Response to a Stratospheric Dust Cloud as Simulated by a General Circulation Model

Results of using the RAND version of the Mintz-Arakawa general circulation model to investigate the initial atmospheric response to a stratospheric dust cloud spread uniformly in a zone between 25-deg N and 75-deg N.

Report

The Rand Weather Data Bank (RAWDAB): An Evolving Base of Accessible Weather Data

The RAND Weather Data Bank (RAWDAB) was designed to meet the demand for weather inputs to studies of systems that can be influenced by weather conditions.

Report

Physical Models of Fires and Their Associated Environment

Derives a general, flexible, mathematical model describing the progress of a fire, and presents graphical output of a computer simulation employing the model.

Report

A Documentation of the Mintz-Arakawa Two-Level Atmospheric General Circulation Model

Summary of the physical bases of the Mintz-Arakawa two-level atmospheric model and presentation of numerical procedures and computer program for its execution.

Report

Use of Weather-Information in Determining Cost/Performance and Force-Mix Tradeoffs: Weather and Warplanes I

A selective overview of weather-effect studies over the past 20 years, and proposed methods for incorporating weather factors into the force planning and acquisition process.

Report

Fifty More Timely Problems of the Environment.

A sequel to P-4415, with brief descriptions of 50 environmental problems compiled from publications such as [Air and Water News], [Explorers Journal, Civil Engineering,] [Engineering News-Record, Science, Nature,] and major newspapers, and suggestion...

Journal Article

Our Disposable World: Talks on the Environment from a Conference Sponsored By the Junior League of Los Angeles and Rand Corporation

Report

Creation of an Atmosphere for the Moon

The description of a method for creating a lunar atmosphere similar to that of the earth.