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Epidemiology

Journal Article

Sexually Transmitted Diseases Among Users of Erectile Dysfunction Drugs: Analysis of Claims Data

Men who use erectile disfunction drugs have higher rates of sexually transmitted diseases, particularly HIV infection, in the year before and after using the drugs.

Jan 1, 2010
Journal Article

The Role of Pregnancy Outcomes in the Maternal Mortality Rates of Two Areas in Matlab, Bangladesh

Interventions to increase contraceptive use; to reduce the incidence of induced abortion, miscarriage and stillbirth; to improve the management of such outcomes; and to strengthen antenatal care could substantially reduce maternal mortality in Bangladesh and similar countries.

Jan 1, 2010
Journal Article

Development, Validation and Testing of an Epidemiological Case Definition of Interstitial Cystitis/Painful Bladder Syndrome

For prevalence studies of interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome, the best approach may be to use two definitions of the syndrome that yield a range. Case definitions developed in the RAND Interstitial Cystitis Epidemiology study can be used for this purpose.

Jan 1, 2010
Journal Article

Practice Redesign to Improve Care for Falls and Urinary Incontinence: Primary Care Intervention for Older Patients

Redesign of primary care practices, based on quality indicators from the Assessing Care of Vulnerable Elders project, improved care for older patients with falls and urinary incontinence.

Jan 1, 2010
Journal Article

Food Allergies Need Improved Guidelines for Diagnosis and Management

Food allergies are a frequently diagnosed condition, yet variation in the measures used to make the diagnosis is limiting advancements in how to best treat patients with the condition and raises the potential for over diagnosis of the problem.

Jan 1, 2010
Journal Article

Peer Influence and Selection Effects on Adolescent Smoking

The effects of peer influence and selection on adolescent smoking may be much weaker than earlier studies assumed.

Jan 1, 2010
Journal Article

Disparate Prevalence Estimates of PTSD Among Service Members Who Served in Iraq and Afghanistan: Possible Explanations

Combat exposure is the only correlate consistently associated with PTSD.

Jan 1, 2010
Journal Article

Mental Disorders Among Gifted and Nongifted Youth: A Selected Review of the Epidemiologic Literature

Given the ongoing debate over whether giftedness is associated with mental health disorders, there is a great need to highlight and compare results from the most methodologically rigorous studies.

Jan 1, 2010
Journal Article

Do Smokers Crave Cigarettes in Some Smoking Situations More Than Others? Situational Correlates of Craving When Smoking

The authors examine variations in craving when people were smoking in various real-world situations.

Jan 1, 2010
Journal Article

The Impact of Parental Deployment on Child Social and Emotional Functioning: Perspectives of School Staff

Studies the effect of parental deployment on the well-being of children, and whether and how parental deployments affect the behavioral, social, and emotional outcomes of youth in the school setting.

Jan 1, 2010
Journal Article

Improving Disaster Mental Health Care in Schools: a Community-Partnered Approach

After events like Hurricane Katrina, school-based counselors need resources to help students with the traumatic experience as well as pre-existing mental health conditions; centralized information to identify services; and support for self-care.

Dec 1, 2009
Journal Article

Effectiveness of a Community-Based Intervention to Improve Nutrition in Young Children in Senegal: A Difference in Difference Analysis

The current study uses a difference in difference comparison of cohorts to assess the impact on the proportion of underweight children who lived in villages receiving services provided by the Senegal Nutrition Enhancement Project between 2004 and 2006.

May 1, 2009
Journal Article

A National View of Workplace Injuries in Nursing Homes

Data from a large sample of nursing homes were used to examine the cross-sectional association between workplace injuries and organizational factors, caregiver staffing levels, and quality.

Jan 1, 2009
Journal Article

C Difficile Lessons: Getting to the Bottom of Complex Health Problems

Lessons from the C difficile experience with wider health policy implications.

Jan 1, 2009
Journal Article

Disparities in Detection and Treatment History Among Mothers with Major Depression in Los Angeles

The authors sought to determine disparities in detection and treatment histories among a group of racial and ethnically diverse mothers with major depression.

Jan 1, 2009
Journal Article

Subjective Expectations in the Context of HIV/AIDS in Malawi

Evaluates the feasibility and success of a new interactive elicitation methodology for collecting probabilistic expectations in a developing country context with low levels of literacy and numeracy,

Jan 1, 2009
Journal Article

Moving from Ethnography to Epidemiology: Lessons Learned in Appalachia

Describes lessons learned in the creation and administration of the Life Trajectory Interview for Youth, an ethnographically-based instrument to assess the life course perspectives of Appalachian youth, and explores its utility in predicting depression and negative life events.

Jan 1, 2009
Journal Article

Race and Sex Differences in the Receipt of Timely and Appropriate Lung Cancer Treatment

Evaluates the relationship of sex and race with the receipt of timely and clinically appropriate non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment for each stage of diagnosis using Surveillance Epidemiology and End Result data linked to Medicare claims for beneficiaries diagnosed with NSCLC between 1995 and 1999 while controlling for other demographic characteristics, comorbidities, socioeconomic status, and provider supply.

Jan 1, 2009
Journal Article

Childhood IQ and Adult Mental Disorders: A Test of the Cognitive Reserve Hypothesis

Cognitive reserve has been proposed as important in the etiology of neuropsychiatric disorders.

Jan 1, 2009
Journal Article

Influences of Physical and Social Neighborhood Environments on Children's Physical Activity and Obesity

The authors investigated the association between physical and social neighborhood environments and fifth-grade students' physical activity and obesity.

Jan 1, 2009

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RAND Health Care