RAND Research Topic: Health Interventions 2021-05-07T21:55:07Z Copyright (c) 2021, The RAND Corporation RAND Corporation https://www.rand.org/topics/health-interventions.html Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial of a Text Messaging-Based Intervention for Smoking Cessation Among Young People Experiencing Homelessness Joan S. Tucker; Sebastian Linnemayr; Eric R. Pedersen; William G. Shadel; Rushil Zutshi; Maria DeYoreo; Irineo Cabreros https://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP68617.html 2021-04-28T09:00:00Z 2021-04-28T09:00:00Z This is the first study to evaluate the feasibility of using a text messaging-based intervention (TMI) for behavior change with 18–25 year olds experiencing homelessness, and the first to test a TMI to provide ongoing support for smoking cessation. Effects of Park-Based Interventions on Health-Related Outcomes Kathryn Pitkin Derose; Deshira Wallace; Bing Han; Deborah A. Cohen https://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP68615.html 2021-04-28T08:45:00Z 2021-04-28T08:45:00Z Using adapted methods from the Community Guide, a systematic review (search period through September 2019) was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of park-based interventions among adults. Multiplying the Impact of Opioid Settlement Funds by Investing in Primary Prevention Laura J. Faherty; Scott E. Hadland; Bradley D. Stein; Stephen W. Patrick https://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP68572.html 2021-03-17T09:00:00Z 2021-03-17T09:00:00Z In this Perspective, we describe three strategies hospitals can use to multiply the reach of their opioid settlement funding by addressing root causes of opioid use through primary prevention. Project SLIP Erik D. Storholm; Daniel Siconolfi; Wenjing Huang; William Towner; Deborah Ling Grant; Alexander Martos; John T. Chang; Rulin Hechter https://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP68545.html 2021-03-05T08:45:00Z 2021-03-05T08:45:00Z The study developed and pilot-tested a PrEP screener for use in primary care clinics to help facilitate PrEP uptake. Findings suggest that brief HIV risk screening in primary care is acceptable, feasible, and shows preliminary effects in increasing PrEP referral rates. Health Service Utilization and Cost Outcomes from a Permanent Supportive Housing Program Sarah B. Hunter; Adam Scherling; Ryan K. McBain; Matthew Cefalu; Brian Briscombe; William Mcconnell; Priya Batra https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RRA374-2.html 2021-02-16T09:00:00Z 2021-02-16T09:00:00Z The authors assess the short-term effects of a permanent supportive housing (PSH) program—operated by a large not-for-profit managed care plan—in Southern California for adult enrollees experiencing homelessness who have chronic health conditions. Using an Innovative Database and Machine Learning to Predict and Reduce Infant Mortality Evan D. Peet; Dana Schultz; Susan L. Lovejoy https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RBA858-1.html 2021-02-04T08:30:00Z 2021-02-04T08:30:00Z Researchers created a unique database linking medical, social, and demographic information, then used machine learning techniques to evaluate risk of infant mortality and develop intervention recommendations to reduce each infant's risk of mortality ADAPT Study: Adaptation of Evidence-Informed Complex Population Health Interventions for Implementation And/Or Re-Evaluation in New Contexts Mhairi Campbell; Graham Moore; Rhiannon E. Evans; Dmitry Khodyakov; Peter Craig https://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP68455.html 2021-01-22T09:00:00Z 2021-01-22T09:00:00Z A Delphi consensus exercise to gather expert opinion on the adaptation, implementation and re-evaluation of complex population health interventions in new contexts. Video Games as a Potential Modality for Behavioral Health Services for Young Adult Veterans Sean Grant; Asya Spears; Eric R. Pedersen https://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP68425.html 2021-01-07T08:30:00Z 2021-01-07T08:30:00Z The objective of our study was to explore differences in video game playing by behavioral health need for young adult veterans to identify potential conditions for which video games could be used as a modality for behavioral health services. Drinking to Cope Moderates the Efficacy of Changing Veteran Drinking Norms as a Strategy for Reducing Drinking and Alcohol-Related Problems Among U.S. Veterans Chelsie M. Young; Eric R. Pedersen; Andrew D. Pearson; Clayton Neighbors https://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP68420.html 2021-01-06T09:30:00Z 2021-01-06T09:30:00Z This study is a secondary data analysis that evaluated whether a PNF intervention would work better at reducing perceived norms, drinking, and alcohol-related problems specifically for young adult veterans who drink to cope with negative affect. Examining Interventions to Address Infant Mortality in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania Dana Schultz; Susan L. Lovejoy; Evan D. Peet https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RRA858-1.html 2021-01-06T09:06:00Z 2021-01-06T09:06:00Z Poor birth and infant outcomes and pronounced racial disparities persist in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, despite robust maternal and child health and social service systems. Which interventions are the most effective and how does effectiveness vary for women with different risk and other factors? Clinical Interventions for Adults with Comorbid Alcohol Use and Depressive Disorders Sean Grant; Gulrez Shah Azhar; Eugeniu Han; Marika Booth; Aneesa Motala; Jody Larkin; Susanne Hempel https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR2452.html 2020-12-30T08:45:00Z 2020-12-30T08:45:00Z The authors synthesize evidence on the effects and compare the effectiveness of clinical interventions for improving symptoms of adults with co-occurring alcohol use and depressive disorders. Health Center Implementation of Telemedicine for Opioid Use Disorders Lori Uscher-Pines; Pushpa Raja; Ateev Mehrotra; Haiden A. Huskamp https://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP68287.html 2020-09-18T08:30:00Z 2020-09-18T08:30:00Z Although use of telemedicine for the treatment of opioid use disorders is growing, there is limited research on how it is actually being deployed in treatment. We explored how health centers across the U.S. are using it. Study Design to Evaluate a Group‑based Therapy for Support Persons of Adults on Buprenorphine/Naloxone Karen Chan Osilla; Kirsten Becker; Liisa Ecola; Brian Hurley; Jennifer K. Manuel; Allison J. Ober; Susan M. Paddock; Katherine E. Watkins https://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP68286.html 2020-09-18T08:15:00Z 2020-09-18T08:15:00Z This study will evaluate whether the adapted intervention, also known as integrating support persons into recovery, is effective in increasing patient retention on buprenorphine when compared to usual care. Health Service Utilization and Costs at the Outset of a Permanent Supportive Housing Program Ryan K. McBain; Sarah B. Hunter; Adam Scherling; Alina I. Palimaru; Matthew Cefalu; William Mcconnell; Priya Batra https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RRA374-1.html 2020-08-10T08:45:00Z 2020-08-10T08:45:00Z This report presents a baseline assessment of an innovative permanent supportive housing program to help address homelessness, examining demographic and clinical characteristics of enrollees and health care service utilization and costs. A Pilot Test of Game Changers, a Social Network Intervention to Empower People with HIV to Be Prevention Advocates in Uganda Laura M. Bogart; Joseph K. Matovu; Glenn Wagner; Harold D. Green; Erik D. Storholm; David J. Klein; Terry Marsh; Sarah MacCarthy; Andrew Kambugu https://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP68246.html 2020-08-07T09:00:00Z 2020-08-07T09:00:00Z We developed and conducted a pilot test of Game Changers, a 6-session group-based intervention that aims to empower people with HIV to be agents for HIV prevention by initiating conversations about HIV with social network members. How Can We Achieve Herd Immunity? RAND Corporation https://www.rand.org/multimedia/video/2020/08/05/how-can-we-achieve-herd-immunity.html 2020-08-05T10:00:00Z 2020-08-05T10:00:00Z RAND senior economist Krishna Kumar describes several factors that could affect the likelihood of achieving herd immunity against COVID-19. A Natural Experiment to Test the Effect of Sanction Certainty and Celerity on Substance-Impaired Driving Gregory Midgette; Beau Kilmer; Nancy Nicosia; Paul Heaton https://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP68161.html 2020-05-07T09:30:00Z 2020-05-07T09:30:00Z Over half of participants ordered to abstain from substance use complete 24/7 Sobriety without a detected substance use event. At the county level, the program is associated with a 9% reduction in substance-impaired driving arrests. RAND Creates Online Tool to Help State and Local Policymakers Manage Responses to COVID-19 Pandemic RAND Corporation https://www.rand.org/news/press/2020/05/04.html 2020-05-04T12:00:00Z 2020-05-04T12:00:00Z A new tool designed to help state and local officials estimate the effects of social distancing and other public health interventions used to combat the COVID-19 pandemic has been released by the nonprofit, nonpartisan RAND Corporation. An Estimation of the Economic Costs of Social-Distancing Policies Aaron Strong; Jonathan William Welburn https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RRA173-1.html 2020-05-04T09:00:00Z 2020-05-04T09:00:00Z This report offers a series of economic models that provide an initial assessment of possible short-term economy-wide effects of some social-distancing policies during the coronavirus disease 2019 crisis. New Tool Can Assess the Effects of COVID-19 Interventions Raffaele Vardavas; Aaron Strong; Jennifer Bouey; Jonathan William Welburn; Pedro Nascimento de Lima; Lawrence Baker; Keren Zhu; Michelle Priest; Lynn Hu; Jeanne S. Ringel https://www.rand.org/pubs/tools/TLA173-1.html 2020-05-04T09:00:00Z 2020-05-04T09:00:00Z State and local leaders have taken unprecedented measures to slow the spread of COVID-19 and prevent health care systems from being overwhelmed. As states plan the way to recovery, a new tool can help them estimate both the public health and economic consequences of imposing or lifting restrictions.