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Twenty Years of HIV Research at RAND

Dec 1, 2016

RAND has been in the vanguard of HIV research since the virus emerged on the national scene in the mid-1980s. Since then, as policy and clinical issues have evolved, RAND has adapted its focus and methods to address new challenges.
Essay

Improving HIV and Mental Health Care in Uganda

Jan 5, 2017

A small team of RAND researchers has spent years working with local clinics in Uganda to help people not just survive HIV, but learn to live with it, and even thrive.

Explore HIV Treatment

Q&A

Medical Mistrust Could Reduce Vaccine Uptake: Q&A with Laura Bogart

Laura Bogart, a senior behavioral scientist, studies how discrimination feeds medical mistrust and conspiracy beliefs. Her research on how mistrust became a barrier to treatment for Black Americans during the HIV epidemic sheds light on why some might question the safety of a COVID-19 vaccine.

Dec 23, 2020
Journal Article

Delayed Treatment for People Living with HIV in China, 2004–2016: An Analysis of An Observational Cohort

This study analyzed the late testing and lag time between HIV diagnosis and initiation of antiretroviral treatment from 2004 to 2016 and identified the risk factors for delayed initiation of ART.

Nov 12, 2020
Journal Article

Changes in ART Adherence Relate to Changes in Depression as Well! Evidence for the Bi-directional Longitudinal Relationship Between Depression and ART Adherence from a Prospective Study of HIV Clients in Uganda

While other research has examined and supported the influence of depression on ART adherence, our data support the reciprocal relationship: that non-adherence and changes in adherence are associated with levels and changes in depression.

May 12, 2020
Report

Identifying Safety-Net Resources at Health Centers to Prevent Infectious Disease Transmission Resulting from the Opioid Epidemic

This study highlights factors that affect Community Health Centers' ability to reduce infectious disease transmission related to the opioid epidemic.

Jun 18, 2019
Journal Article

"How Am I Going to Live?": Exploring Barriers to ART Adherence Among Adolescents and Young Adults Living with HIV in Uganda

Our results highlight special needs for future public health programs and policies meant to address barriers to ART adherence among older adolescents.

Oct 16, 2018
Journal Article

Mass Incarceration and the Impact of Prison Release on HIV Diagnoses in the US South

In the US South, prison release is significantly associated with HIV incidence; prison release is also a critical period during which inmates living with HIV must be linked with community-based care and treatment.

Aug 28, 2018
Journal Article

Exploring Treatment Needs and Expectations for People Living with HIV in South Africa: A Qualitative Study

Socio-behavioral interventions to address multi-level barriers to ART initiation may benefit from the inclusion of trained HIV-positive peers.

May 18, 2018
Journal Article

Utilization of Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) Services Among Pregnant Women in HIV Care in Uganda: A 24-Month Cohort of Women from Pre-Conception to Post-Delivery

Improved provider-client communication could enhance post-birth care and prevention of mother-to-child transmission among HIV infected women in care.

May 3, 2018
Journal Article

Stigma Gets in My Way: Factors Affecting Client-Provider Communication Regarding Childbearing Among People Living with HIV in Uganda

Among Ugandan HIV clients and health care providers, communication about childbearing needs is poor and associated with stigma.

Apr 10, 2018
Journal Article

Current Research Gaps: A Global Systematic Review of HIV and Sexually Transmissible Infections Among Transgender Populations

Mounting evidence indicates that transgender populations are heavily burdened by HIV and other sexually transmissible infections (STIs); in particular, transgender women who have sex with men and transgender sex workers.

Jan 18, 2018
Journal Article

Barriers to HIV Testing, Linkage to Care, and Treatment Adherence: A Cross-Sectional Study from a Large Urban Center of Brazil

To comprehensively address the needs of people infected with HIV/AIDS, it is important to understand how risk factors for delays or interruptions in care are similar or different across the treatment continuum.

Aug 23, 2017
Journal Article

Qualitative Comparison of Barriers to Antiretroviral Medication Adherence Among Perinatally and Behaviorally HIV-Infected Youth

We sought to qualitatively understand adherence barriers among behaviorally infected and perinatally infected youth and develop an intervention specific to their needs.

Jul 27, 2017
Journal Article

Risk Perception, Sexual Behaviors, and PrEP Adherence Among Substance-Using Men Who Have Sex with Men: A Qualitative Study

PrEP--pre-exposure prophylaxis to prevent HIV-- reduces the risk of contracting HIV, but also provides potential psychological and social benefits such as reduced stigma towards HIV+ individuals and reduced anxiety about sex.

Jul 12, 2017
Journal Article

A Randomized Controlled Trial of Rise, a Community-Based Culturally Congruent Adherence Intervention for Black Americans Living with HIV

A community-based, culturally specific intervention improved antiretroviral treatment adherence among Black Americans living with HIV.

May 30, 2017
Journal Article

Medical Mistrust as a Key Mediator in the Association Between Perceived Discrimination and Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy Among HIV-positive Latino Men

Treatment education that focused on the necessity of medication could increase adherence to ART among HIV-positive Latino men.

May 2, 2017
Research Brief

The Role of Faith-Based Organizations in Addressing HIV

In a series of collaborative studies, RAND researchers sought to better understand urban congregations' capacity for HIV prevention and care, specifically in the areas of stigma reduction and HIV testing.

Apr 27, 2017
Journal Article

Barriers to Routine HIV Testing in Healthcare Settings and Potential Solutions from the Get Tested Coachella Valley Campaign

Letter to the editor in Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (JAIDS).

Mar 15, 2017
Commentary

PrEP for HIV Prevention in the UK Still Faces Many Challenges

PrEP is an HIV-prevention strategy that provides people at risk of HIV with oral antiretroviral drugs that are taken prior to potential exposure. It could be a game changer, but issues associated with its implementation, costs, and access need to be addressed.

Dec 15, 2016
Journal Article

Racial and Ethnic Differences in Substance Use Diagnoses, Comorbid Psychiatric Disorders, and Treatment Initiation Among HIV-positive and HIV-negative Women in an Integrated Health Plan

HIV-positive women with substance use disorders are less likely than their HIV-negative counterparts to initiate treatment for substance abuse.

Nov 9, 2016
Journal Article

A Structured Protocol Model of Depression Care Versus Clinical Acumen: A Cluster Randomized Trial of the Effects on Depression Screening, Diagnostic Evaluation, and Treatment Uptake in Ugandan HIV Clinics

Trained lay workers and medical providers in Uganda were able to successfully implement depression screening, diagnosis, and treatment prescription when given training and ongoing supervision from mental health specialists.

Oct 18, 2016

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