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Infants

Infancy—the period of life from birth to age 1—is associated with a unique set of public policy issues related to babies' health, development, and welfare. RAND's research on infants spans a wide range of topics for this brief but important period of life, including infant mortality, low birth weight, neonatal care, immunizations, breastfeeding and feeding practices, and cognitive development.

Journal Article
Factors Influencing the Enrollment of Eligible Extremely-Low-Birth-Weight Children in the Part C Early Intervention Program
Moderate iodine deficiency in Mexican schoolchildren was associated with a 4.26 times higher risk of low IQ. More attention is needed to ensure effective salt iodination processes.
Jan 1, 2009
Journal Article
The Response of Household Parental Investment to Child Endowments
The empirical results of this paper imply that such household parental investments compensate for low endowments, as proxied by low birth weight.
Sep 1, 2008
Periodical
RAND Review, Spring 2008: Baby Steps
The Spring 2008 issue of RAND Review compares neonatal services across the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada, Australia, and Sweden, discusses water resources management, U.S. policies in Asia, and political polarization.
Apr 19, 2008
Report
International Comparison of Neonatal Services
A study commissioned by the UK National Audit Office (NAO) analyses the provision of neonatal services in seven countries: Australia,Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland, the U.S., Canada, and Sweden. Findings determined that all countries studied use neonatal networks, but with varying levels of formalisation, that low staffing is a problem for UK neonatal services, and that a few international regions are leaders in high-quality neonatal service provision.
Jan 1, 2008
Journal Article
The Effects of Pregnancy Spacing on Infant and Child Mortality in Matlab, Bangladesh: How They Vary By the Type of Pregnancy Outcome That Began the Interval
Assesses the effects of duration of intervals between pregnancy outcomes on infant and child mortality and how effects vary over child subperiods and by the outcome that began the interval. Shorter intervals are associated with higher mortality.
Jan 1, 2008
Journal Article
Population-based Assessments of Ophthalmologic and Audiologic Follow-Up in Children with Very Low Birth Weight Enrolled in Medicaid: A Quality-of-Care Study
Finds a shortfall in provision of critical services for children with very low birth weight (<1500 g) at high risk for vision and hearing problems and enrolled in Medicaid. Findings support the importance of enrollment in Early Intervention Program.
Jan 1, 2008
News Release
New Study Finds Serious Gaps in Health Care Quality for America's Children
Children in the United States are not receiving recommended preventive care and screening services, such as regular weight and measurement checks to ensure that they are growing properly and not at risk for obesity; nor are they receiving standard care for conditions such as asthma and diarrhea.
Oct 10, 2007
Dissertation
A Good Start in Life: Revisiting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Outcomes At and After Birth
Develops a method to assess racial and ethnic disparities in birth outcomes and shows that the importance of risk factors and birth outcome measures varies by race/ethnicity, gender, and time.
Aug 21, 2007
Research Brief
Health System Reconstruction and Nation-Building
This research brief examines past attempts to rebuild public health and health care delivery systems during nation-building efforts after U.S. military deployments intended to underpin the transition to peace, democracy, and economic stability.
Feb 26, 2007
Research Brief
Need for High-Quality Child Care Affects Military Readiness and Retention
This research brief presents focus group and survey results that point to several options for improving the Department of Defense's approach to addressing the child-care needs of military families.
Feb 2, 2007
Journal Article
Effects of Interpregnancy Interval and Outcome of the Preceding Pregnancy on Pregnancy Outcomes in Matlab, Bangladesh
To estimate the effects on pregnancy outcomes of the duration of the preceding IPI and type of pregnancy outcome that began the interval.
Jan 1, 2007
Journal Article
Mortality Risks, Health Endowments, and Parental Investments in Infancy: Evidence from Rural India
Whether increased background mortality risks induce households to make differential health investments in their high- versus low-endowment children.
Jan 1, 2007
Journal Article
Crecimiento En Peso Y Longitud De Los Ninos Menores De Dos Anos Atendidos En El IMSS =: [Growth in weight and height in children less than two years old in the IMSS]
Children's growth at age 2 at the IMSS shows a curve that is lower than that of the reference population recommended by the WHO as an int'l standard.
Jan 1, 2007
Journal Article
Policies and Practices Related to Breastfeeding in Massachusetts: Hospital Implementation of the Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding
Hospital policies and practices related to breastfeeding may have long-term health effects. The Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding provide an evidence-based standard, which may be used to assess individual hospitals.
May 1, 2006
Report
The Design of a Multilevel Survey of Children, Families, and Communities: The Los Angeles Family and Neighborhood Survey
This paper describes the development and implementation of the multilevel sample design for the Los Angeles Family and Neighborhood Survey (LAFANS).
Jan 1, 2006
Journal Article
Why Are Infant and Child Mortality Rates Lower in the MCH-FP Area of Matlab, Bangladesh?
Infant and child mortality rates are significantly lower in the MCH-FP area of Matlab, Bangladesh, than in a comparison area.
Jan 1, 2006
Journal Article
Impact of Postpartum Hospital-Stay Legislation on Newborn Length of Stay, Readmission, and Mortality in California
The objectives of this study were to examine the impact of postpartum hospital-stay legislation on newborns' length of stay, neonatal readmissions, and 1-year mortality in California, and whether this legislation had differential impacts by demographics and complications during delivery or pregnancy.
Jan 1, 2006
Journal Article
Sindrome De Muerte Subita Del Lactante: Prevencion En La Practica Hospitalaria = Hospital Practice in Neonatal Period to Prevent Infant Sudden Death Syndrome
Since Arthur Andersen's implosion in 2002, policymakers have been encouraged with ever increasing urgency to insulate the auditing industry from legal liability.
Jan 1, 2006
Journal Article
Quality-of-care Indicators for the Neurodevelopmental Follow-Up of Very Low Birth Weight Children: Results of an Expert Panel Process
To develop a set of quality indicators for the neurodevelopmental follow-up care of very low birth weight (VLBW; <1500 g) children
Jan 1, 2006
Journal Article
Reducing the Burden of HIV/AIDS in Infants: The Contribution of Improved Diagnostics
The development of a simple and accessible test for diagnosing HIV infection in infants could reduce paediatric AIDS deaths in sub-Saharan Africa.
Jan 1, 2006

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RAND Topic:
Infants

Topic Synonyms:
Babies;
Baby;
Infancy

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