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  <title>RAND Research Topic: Long-Term Care</title>
  <link rel="self" href="https://www.rand.org/topics/long-term-care.xml"/>
  <updated>2021-04-13T19:37:58Z</updated>
  <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" hreflang="en" href="https://www.rand.org/topics/long-term-care.html" />
  <rights>Copyright (c) 2021, The RAND Corporation</rights>
  <author>
    <name>RAND Corporation</name>
  </author>
  <id>https://www.rand.org/topics/long-term-care.html</id>
 <entry>
  <title type="html">The Coronavirus Pandemic Highlights Why Family Caregivers Need to Be Integrated into the Health Care Team and Shows Us How to Make It Happen</title>
  <author>
   	<name>Esther M. Friedman; Patricia K. Tong; Robert S. Rudin</name>
  </author>  
  <id>https://www.rand.org/pubs/perspectives/PEA1079-1.html</id>
  <published>2021-01-05T08:15:00Z</published>
  <updated>2021-01-05T08:15:00Z</updated>
  <summary type="html">The authors describe why, in light of COVID-19, it is more critical than ever to integrate family caregivers into patients&apos; health care teams and highlight several solutions for accomplishing this goal.</summary>
  <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="https://www.rand.org/pubs/perspectives/PEA1079-1.html" />
  </entry>
 <entry>
  <title type="html">Infection Control Policy in Long-Term Care -- Who Decides?</title>
  <author>
   	<name>Lori Frank</name>
  </author>  
  <id>https://www.rand.org/pubs/perspectives/PEA1079-3.html</id>
  <published>2021-02-02T08:00:00Z</published>
  <updated>2021-02-02T08:00:00Z</updated>
  <summary type="html">The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic underscores that long-term care residents and families who are most affected by facility policies are underrepresented in decisionmaking. Policies should incorporate resident, staff, and family preferences.</summary>
  <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="https://www.rand.org/pubs/perspectives/PEA1079-3.html" />
  </entry>
 <entry>
  <title type="html">Home Care Workers Are Essential Yet Undervalued</title>
  <author>
   	<name>Julia Rollison; Jason Michel Etchegaray; Julia Bandini</name>
  </author>  
  <id>https://www.rand.org/pubs/perspectives/PEA1079-2.html</id>
  <published>2021-02-03T09:00:00Z</published>
  <updated>2021-02-03T09:00:00Z</updated>
  <summary type="html">Home health and personal care aides are socially isolated and at heightened risk during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journaling is a promising way to give them a voice and reduce stress and anxiety. But policy-level changes are needed to address the issues of low wages and minimal benefits.</summary>
  <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="https://www.rand.org/pubs/perspectives/PEA1079-2.html" />
  </entry>
 <entry>
  <title type="html">Long-Term Care Policy: Who Should Be at the Table?</title>
  <author>
   	<name>Lori Frank</name>
  </author>  
  <id>https://www.rand.org/pubs/perspectives/PEA1079-3.html</id>
  <published>2021-02-02T09:00:00Z</published>
  <updated>2021-02-02T09:00:00Z</updated>
  <summary type="html">The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored that long-term care residents, their families, and staff have limited representation when it comes to facility policies. Recognizing them as stakeholders with perspectives to include in decisionmaking could improve infection control practices and also address residents&apos; health-related quality of life.</summary>
  <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="https://www.rand.org/pubs/perspectives/PEA1079-3.html" />
  </entry>
 <entry>
  <title type="html">Family Caregivers Should Be Integrated into the Health Care Team</title>
  <author>
   	<name>Esther M. Friedman; Patricia K. Tong; Robert S. Rudin</name>
  </author>  
  <id>https://www.rand.org/pubs/perspectives/PEA1079-1.html</id>
  <published>2021-01-05T08:00:00Z</published>
  <updated>2021-01-05T08:00:00Z</updated>
  <summary type="html">The pandemic has produced changes in health care practices, such as shorter hospital stays and more frequent management of chronic illnesses at home. This has shifted the responsibility for many medical tasks to family caregivers. Caregivers have become frontline workers and should be treated as members of the health care team.</summary>
  <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="https://www.rand.org/pubs/perspectives/PEA1079-1.html" />
  </entry>
 <entry>
  <title type="html">Do Income Supplemental Programs for Older Adults&apos; Help Reduce Primary Caregiver Burden?</title>
  <author>
   	<name>Emma Aguila; Mariana L&#243;pez-Ortega; Sean Angst</name>
  </author>  
  <id>https://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP68379.html</id>
  <published>2020-12-15T09:30:00Z</published>
  <updated>2020-12-15T09:30:00Z</updated>
  <summary type="html">This article analyzes the effects of a supplemental income program for older adults on primary caregiver burden, in Yucatan, Mexico.</summary>
  <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="https://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP68379.html" />
  </entry>
 <entry>
  <title type="html">Comparative Effectiveness of Long-Term Acute Care Hospital Versus Skilled Nursing Facility Transfer</title>
  <author>
   	<name>Anil N. Makam; Oanh Kieu Nguyen; Michael D. Miller; Sachin J. Shah; Kandice A. Kapinos; Ethan A. Halm</name>
  </author>  
  <id>https://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP68341.html</id>
  <published>2020-11-17T10:30:00Z</published>
  <updated>2020-11-17T10:30:00Z</updated>
  <summary type="html">We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients hospitalized on a medicine service in a high-LTACH use region and discharged to either an LTACH or SNF and followed for one year.</summary>
  <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="https://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP68341.html" />
  </entry>
 <entry>
  <title type="html">Family Caregivers Should Be Included in Health Care Teams</title>
  <author>
   	<name>Esther M. Friedman; Patricia K. Tong</name>
  </author>  
  <id>https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RRA105-1.html</id>
  <published>2020-11-10T03:01:00Z</published>
  <updated>2020-11-10T03:01:00Z</updated>
  <summary type="html">About 53 million family and friends provide care and assistance to loved ones in the United States, but they are often overlooked by health care systems. Integrating them into a patient&apos;s health care team can help improve care quality and the quality of life for patients and their families.</summary>
  <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RRA105-1.html" />
  </entry>
 <entry>
  <title type="html">Factors Explaining State Differences in Applying for a Recent Long-Term Care Program That Promotes Aging in Place</title>
  <author>
   	<name>Esther M. Friedman; Regina A. Shih; Sangeeta C. Ahluwalia; Virginia Kotzias; Jessica Phillips; Daniel Siconolfi; Debra Saliba</name>
  </author>  
  <id>https://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP68239.html</id>
  <published>2020-08-04T09:45:00Z</published>
  <updated>2020-08-04T09:45:00Z</updated>
  <summary type="html">This article examines the reasons underlying states&apos; decisions regarding their applications to the Balancing Incentive Program.</summary>
  <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="https://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP68239.html" />
  </entry>
 <entry>
  <title type="html">Engagement of Providers and Advocates in a Rebalancing Initiative to Increase HCBS Access for Medicaid Beneficiaries</title>
  <author>
   	<name>Daniel Siconolfi; Sangeeta C. Ahluwalia; Regina A. Shih; Esther M. Friedman; Debra Saliba</name>
  </author>  
  <id>https://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP68067.html</id>
  <published>2020-01-29T09:45:00Z</published>
  <updated>2020-01-29T09:45:00Z</updated>
  <summary type="html">Rebalancing long-term services and supports toward increased home- and community-based services will engage and affect multiple stakeholder groups, including governmental and nongovernmental stakeholders. This study describes stakeholder engagement in a LTSS rebalancing initiative.</summary>
  <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="https://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP68067.html" />
  </entry>
 <entry>
  <title type="html">Federal Disability Payments Encourage More Caregiving Assistance from Family Members</title>
  <author>
   	<name>RAND Corporation</name>
  </author>  
  <id>https://www.rand.org/news/press/2019/12/10/index1.html</id>
  <published>2019-12-10T11:01:00Z</published>
  <updated>2019-12-10T11:01:00Z</updated>
  <summary type="html">Federal disability benefits can lead to increases in other support for beneficiaries, such as in-kind assistance from adult children. They also increase the likelihood that children are paid for their in-kind assistance and enable children who provide that assistance to reduce the amount that they work.</summary>
  <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="https://www.rand.org/news/press/2019/12/10/index1.html" />
  </entry>
 <entry>
  <title type="html">Understanding Home and Community-Based Long-Term Services and Supports</title>
  <author>
   	<name>Yan Wang</name>
  </author>  
  <id>https://www.rand.org/pubs/rgs_dissertations/RGSD426.html</id>
  <published>2019-09-24T09:30:00Z</published>
  <updated>2019-09-24T09:30:00Z</updated>
  <summary type="html">Explores home and community-based services as a way to curb long-term services and supports spending growth through an evaluation of Medicaid&apos;s most recent rebalancing effort -- the Balancing Incentive Program.</summary>
  <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="https://www.rand.org/pubs/rgs_dissertations/RGSD426.html" />
  </entry>
 <entry>
  <title type="html">Struggling with Dementia</title>
  <author>
   	<name>Doug Irving</name>
  </author>  
  <id>https://www.rand.org/pubs/corporate_pubs/CP922.html</id>
  <published>2019-09-09T09:30:00Z</published>
  <updated>2019-09-09T09:30:00Z</updated>
  <summary type="html">The costs of dementia -- economic and personal -- are staggering. A recent RAND analysis quantifies the scope of the problem in the United States and serves as a wake-up call to policymakers everywhere.</summary>
  <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="https://www.rand.org/pubs/corporate_pubs/CP922.html" />
  </entry>
 <entry>
  <title type="html">Expanding Home-Based Primary Care to American Indian Reservations and Other Rural Communities</title>
  <author>
   	<name>B. Josea Kramer; Beth Creekmur; Michael R. Mitchell; Debra Saliba</name>
  </author>  
  <id>https://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP67568.html</id>
  <published>2018-04-20T12:00:00Z</published>
  <updated>2018-04-20T12:00:00Z</updated>
  <summary type="html">Expanding home- based primary care to American Indian Reservations and other rural communities increased access to long term care and enrollment for health care benefits; outcomes were similar for Indian Health Service and non-Indian Health Service populations.</summary>
  <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="https://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP67568.html" />
  </entry>
 <entry>
  <title type="html">Changing Structures and Processes to Support Family Caregivers of Seriously Ill Patients</title>
  <author>
   	<name>Richard Schulz; Scott Beach; Esther M. Friedman; Grant R. Martsolf; Juleen Rodakowski; A. Everette James</name>
  </author>  
  <id>https://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP67416.html</id>
  <published>2017-12-15T12:00:00Z</published>
  <updated>2017-12-15T12:00:00Z</updated>
  <summary type="html">Fundamental changes are needed in the way we identify, assess, and support family caregivers of seriously ill relatives.</summary>
  <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="https://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP67416.html" />
  </entry>
 <entry>
  <title type="html">Average American&apos;s Risk of Needing Nursing Home Care Is Higher Than Previously Estimated</title>
  <author>
   	<name>RAND Corporation</name>
  </author>  
  <id>https://www.rand.org/news/press/2017/08/28/index1.html</id>
  <published>2017-08-28T15:00:00Z</published>
  <updated>2017-08-28T15:00:00Z</updated>
  <summary type="html">The average American&apos;s lifetime risk of using a nursing home is substantially greater than previous research has suggested. Among persons age 57 to 61, 56 percent will stay in a nursing home at least one night during their lifetime.</summary>
  <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="https://www.rand.org/news/press/2017/08/28/index1.html" />
  </entry>
 <entry>
  <title type="html">Improving Support for Military and Veteran Caregivers: A Research Blueprint</title>
  <author>
   	<name>Terri Tanielian; Kathryn E. Bouskill; Rajeev Ramchand; Esther M. Friedman; Thomas E. Trail; Angela Clague</name>
  </author>  
  <id>https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR1873.html</id>
  <published>2017-06-14T11:30:00Z</published>
  <updated>2017-06-14T11:30:00Z</updated>
  <summary type="html">Millions of Americans provide informal care and support to current and former U.S. service members. A new research blueprint could help inform efforts to improve support for these &amp;ldquo;hidden heroes.&amp;rdquo;</summary>
  <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR1873.html" />
  </entry>
 <entry>
  <title type="html">Dementia Long-Term Care Policy Options for Family Caregivers and Medicare</title>
  <author>
   	<name>Regina A. Shih</name>
  </author>  
  <id>https://www.rand.org/pubs/testimonies/CT457.html</id>
  <published>2016-07-13T14:00:00Z</published>
  <updated>2016-07-13T14:00:00Z</updated>
  <summary type="html">Testimony submitted to the Senate Finance Committee, Subcommittee on Health Care on July 13, 2016.</summary>
  <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="https://www.rand.org/pubs/testimonies/CT457.html" />
  </entry>
 <entry>
  <title type="html">Cost-effectiveness of Nutrition Intervention in Long-Term Care</title>
  <author>
   	<name>Sandra Simmons; Emmett B. Keeler; Ruopeng An; Xulei Liu; Matthew Shotwell; Brittany Kuertz; Heidi Silver; John Schnelle</name>
  </author>  
  <id>https://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP50948.html</id>
  <published>2015-11-11T15:15:00Z</published>
  <updated>2015-11-11T15:15:00Z</updated>
  <summary type="html">This study aims to determine the cost-effectiveness of two nutrition interventions on food, beverage, and supplement intake and body weight.</summary>
  <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="https://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP50948.html" />
  </entry>
 <entry>
  <title type="html">US Prevalence and Predictors of Informal Caregiving for Dementia</title>
  <author>
   	<name>Esther M. Friedman; Regina A. Shih; Kenneth M. Langa; Michael D. Hurd</name>
  </author>  
  <id>https://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP50899.html</id>
  <published>2015-10-20T10:15:00Z</published>
  <updated>2015-10-20T10:15:00Z</updated>
  <summary type="html">This study looks at the prevalence and predicators in informal care for cognitive impairment or probable dementia in the U.S.</summary>
  <link rel="alternate" type="text/xhtml" hreflang="en" title="Read More" href="https://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP50899.html" />
  </entry>
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