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Commentary

Equal Pay for Equal Work: How Binding Pay Transparency Measures May Help

More than 60 years ago, the EU introduced the principle of equal pay for equal work for men and women. But a gender pay gap persists in most countries. In 2014, a European Commission Recommendation encouraged measures to aid pay transparency, but implementation has been limited.

May 12, 2020
Journal Article

Practical Factors Determining Adolescent Substance Use Treatment Settings: Results from Four Online Stakeholder Panels

This study aimed to identify practical factors that stakeholders find most critical to consider when planning adolescent substance use treatment.

May 12, 2020
Journal Article

Age Differences in Reported Social Networks and Well-Being

We present secondary analyses of data collected with a national adult life span sample to examine age differences in reported social network size, including the number of close friends, as well as associations with social satisfaction and well being.

May 12, 2020
Research Brief

Supporting Summer Programs: Navigating Federal, State, and Local Program Support Opportunities

This research brief summarizes how policy environment affects school districts' attempts to scale and sustain quality summer programs.

May 12, 2020
Commentary

Economic Recovery in Egypt Should Include Women

Despite tremendous strides in educational attainment, women's engagement in the labor force in Egypt remains limited. Will Egypt's post-pandemic recovery further exacerbate structural barriers and inequities? Or could the current economic crisis be an opportunity to develop new opportunities to employ women and foster conditions for a more inclusive and diversified labor force?

May 11, 2020
Journal Article

Association of Medicare Part D Benzodiazepine Coverage Expansion With Changes in Fall-Related Injuries and Overdoses Among Medicare Advantage Beneficiaries

This study found an increase in the rate of overdose after Medicare Part D coverage began to include benzodiazepines among adults aged 65 to 69 years and 80 years or older and an increase in the rate of fall-related injury in adults 80 years or older.

May 5, 2020
Commentary

Digital Learning Needs to Benefit All Children When Schools Close

Three factors are essential for any digital learning method. First, it must be inclusive. Second, it should support the learning experience, not replace it. And third, evidence of what works should inform digital learning interventions.

May 4, 2020
Tool

Helpers in Plain Sight: A Guide to Implementing Mental Health Task Sharing in Community-Based Organizations

The United States is facing a mental health crisis, but a large proportion of those who need treatment never get it. Task sharing -- training the staff of community-based organizations to provide some mental health support -- can be part of the solution.

May 4, 2020
Journal Article

Geolocating Explosive Growth in Preschools in Western China Due to 'Re-Education' Policies

Twenty facilities that imagery analysis, press and professional journals suggest house Uighur children have been identified in this first study of geolocating China's detention infrastructure targeting Uighurs and other Muslim minority groups.

May 1, 2020
Journal Article

Awareness, Risk Perception, and Protective Behaviors for Extreme Heat and Climate Change in New York City

This study demonstrates that non-Hispanic black individuals are more likely to lack access to air conditioning, and with the finding that people with low household incomes are more likely to lack access, may explain disparities in heat-related morbidity and mortality.

Apr 30, 2020
Journal Article

Gearing Up for PrEP in the Middle East and North Africa: An Initial Look at Willingness to Take PrEP Among Young Men Who Have Sex with Men in Beirut, Lebanon

These findings delineate a need and opportunity for public health researchers to work with Ministries of Health and policy makers to extend pre-exposure prophylaxis coverage and services to young men who have sex with men.

Apr 30, 2020
Journal Article

The Mediating Role of Perceived Crime in Gender and Built Environment Associations with Park Use and Park-Based Physical Activity Among Park Users in High Poverty Neighborhoods

This study conducted mediation analyses to examine the effects of gender and presence of park walking path on park use, participation in park programs, and park-based physical activity through the hypothesized mediator (perception of crime).

Apr 30, 2020
Commentary

Do We Know How to Treat Alcohol Misuse in Women?

Despite the many clinical trials that have demonstrated the effectiveness and safety of treatments for alcohol use disorder, we still know little about whether men and women respond differently to treatment. Without knowing whether recommended treatments are effective for women, women are vulnerable to the consequences of alcohol misuse.

Apr 29, 2020
Report

One-Stop Social Services Efforts May Improve Community College Outcomes

Students participating in programs that provide a comprehensive range of support services are more likely to persist in attending community college.

Apr 29, 2020
Journal Article

The Relationship Between Engagement in Online Support Groups and Social Isolation Among Military Caregivers: Longitudinal Questionnaire Study

It is unclear how well online groups reduce social isolation and improve mental health among military caregivers. This study focused on members of a new online community for military caregivers, compared with caregivers who were members of existing groups.

Apr 29, 2020
Journal Article

Drivers of Continued Implementation of Cultural Competence in Substance Use Disorder Treatment

This study examines whether the key characteristics of organizational decision makers predicted continued implementation of five different practices that represent organizational cultural competence in one of the most diverse substance use disorder treatment systems in the United States.

Apr 29, 2020
Journal Article

Broken Windows, Broken Zzs: Poor Housing and Neighborhood Conditions Are Associated with Objective Measures of Sleep Health

Sleep is a critical contributor to health and well-being. Sleep disturbances may contribute to racial and socioeconomic disparities in health. Understanding socio-environmental determinants of sleep health disparities is a public health imperative.

Apr 29, 2020
Journal Article

Eat, Pray, Move: A Pilot Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial of a Multilevel Church-Based Intervention to Address Obesity Among African Americans and Latinos

Implementing a multilevel intervention across diverse congregations resulted in small improvements in obesity outcomes. A longer time line is needed to fully implement and assess effects of community and congregation environmental strategies and to allow for potential larger impacts of the intervention.

Apr 28, 2020
Blog

U.S. Gun Policy, Reopening Schools, Prepping for a Hurricane: RAND Weekly Recap

This weekly recap focuses on what scientific evidence says about the effects of U.S. gun laws, how schools may have to change when they reopen, preparing for a COVID-19 hurricane, and more.

Apr 24, 2020
Report

Women in Egypt Face Barriers to Employment

Large gains in educational attainment among women in Egypt have not been matched with gains in the workplace. Obstacles preventing them from securing employment include tensions between work and family responsibilities, lack of mobility, wage gaps, and fear of sexual harassment.

Apr 21, 2020

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