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Preventive Health Care

Research Brief
Understanding How the Million Hearts Initiative Is Working to Address Cardiovascular Disease
The Million Hearts initiative has been successful at the national level in bringing stakeholders together to address cardiovascular disease, but the network could be enhanced and the level of membership commitment and activity could be strengthened.
Jun 20, 2018
Dissertation
Three Essays on Value in Health Care: Workplace Wellness Program Return on Investment, Effectiveness of Monetary Penalties for Tobacco Cessation Non-Participation, and Physician Perceptions of Their Use of Time and Appropriateness of Care Provided
This dissertation, in a three paper format, examines three policy levers for improving health care value.
Jun 12, 2018
Journal Article
Effects of Medication Assisted Treatment (MAT) for Opioid Use Disorder on Functional Outcomes: A Systematic Review
A weak evidence base prevents strong conclusions about the effects of Medication Assisted Treatment for opioid use disorder on functional outcomes.
May 30, 2018
Article
How to Increase Immunity to Truth Decay
Americans have always held differing views about policy issues. But more and more, they disagree about basic facts. This is a symptom of what RAND calls “Truth Decay,” and it's doing severe damage to democracy in the United States.
May 16, 2018
Journal Article
Standards of Evidence for Conducting and Reporting Economic Evaluations in Prevention Science
This article reports the findings of Society for Prevention Research's deliberations, proposes standards for economic analyses, and identifies opportunities for future prevention science.
Apr 26, 2018
Journal Article
Addressing the Opioid Epidemic in the United States: Lessons from the Department of Veterans Affairs
Reflecting a comprehensive VA effort to improve pain management, in 2007 fewer veterans received high doses of opioids and more veterans received non-opioid pain therapies, naloxone, and treatment for substance use disorders.
Apr 26, 2018
Journal Article
Facilitators and Barriers to Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Use Among Black Individuals in the United States: Results from the National Survey on HIV in the Black Community (NSHBC)
Among a nationally representative sample of Black individuals, few high risk individuals were willing to use Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP), a preventive treatment for the HIV virus.
Apr 17, 2018
Journal Article
Effects of Motivational Interviewing Fidelity on Substance Use Treatment Engagement in Primary Care
Motivational interviewing is used extensively to improve health and substance use-related outcomes, but therapists may need more training in strategic use of the approach.
Apr 3, 2018
Journal Article
Implementing the Chronic Care Model for Opioid and Alcohol Use Disorders in Primary Care
This paper describes the process of planning and developing an intervention for delivering treatment for opioid and alcohol use disorders in primary care.
Feb 14, 2018
Journal Article
Influence of Mental Health and Alcohol or Other Drug Use Risk on Adolescent Reported Care Received in Primary Care Settings
Adolescents at risk for alcohol or other drug use and poor mental health are most likely to benefit from a brief intervention delivered in primary care.
Feb 14, 2018
Journal Article
Assessing and Improving Organizational Readiness to Implement Substance Use Disorder Treatment in Primary Care: Findings from the SUMMIT Study
An organizational readiness intervention improved some implementation outcomes related to integrating treatment for opioid and alcohol use disorders in primary care, but not all.
Feb 13, 2018
Multimedia
The Impact of the Opioid Crisis on Children
RAND adjunct physician policy researcher Stephen W. Patrick gives testimony at a Senate Health, Education, Labor and Pensions Committee hearing on the impact of the opioid epidemic on children and families.
Feb 8, 2018
Journal Article
Effect of Time to Diagnostic Testing for Breast, Cervical, and Colorectal Cancer Screening Abnormalities on Screening Efficacy: A Modeling Study
Even relatively small delays in diagnostic testing after an abnormal cancer screening test can reduce screening effectiveness, though the impact varies by cancer type.
Jan 24, 2018
Journal Article
Specialty Societies and Breast Cancer Screening Recommendations--Reply
Gynecologists order twice as many mammograms as family medicine and/or general practice physicians; physician specialty society guidelines may account for this wide variation.
Jan 24, 2018
Journal Article
Structural Factors Affecting Asians and Pacific Islanders in Community-Based Substance Use Treatment: Treatment Provider Perspectives
Asians and Pacific Islanders are most likely to enter substance use treatment through court mandates, underscoring the need for preventive outreach before they are involved with the criminal justice system.
Jan 16, 2018
Commentary
Evidence-Based Treatments May Be Casualties of War on Drugs
U.S. schools and community organizations face a difficult battle to keep kids safe and drug-free. They need tools to help them choose programs that will work best for youth. The National Registry of Evidence-based Programs and Practices is such a tool, but its future is uncertain.
Jan 15, 2018
Journal Article
Linking Reminders and Physician Breast Cancer Screening Recommendations: Results From a National Survey
Physicians are more likely to recommend mammograms when they are reminded to do so, despite variation in how much they trust mammogram guidelines.
Dec 18, 2017
Journal Article
Randomized Controlled Trial of a Coordinated Care Intervention to Improve Risk Factor Control After Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack in the Safety Net: Secondary Stroke Prevention by Uniting Community and Chronic Care Model Teams Early to End Disparities (SUCCEED)
A multi-disciplinary intervention using a Chronic Care Model framework to prevent a secondary stroke among underserved populations will be tested in a randomized controlled trial.
Dec 12, 2017
Journal Article
When Guidelines Conflict: A Case Study of Mammography Screening Initiation in the 1990s
Analyzing the history of age-mammography patterns in the US may help us better understand and address current guideline conflicts.
Dec 5, 2017
Report
Assigning Responsibility Following a Catastrophe: Alternatives to Relying Solely on Traditional Civil Litigation
This report reviews various alternatives to relying exclusively on traditional civil litigation to assign responsibility for the human causes of a catastrophe and to determine the types of losses that a designated responsible party must reimburse.
Nov 28, 2017

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RAND Health Care

Researcher Spotlight

Kandice A. Kapinos

Senior Economist

Kandice Kapinos (she/her) is a senior economist at the RAND Corporation with a joint appointment as an associate professor at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center. Her research broadly focuses on health economics, health policy, epidemiology, and the economics of prevention,…
Nicole K. Eberhart

Senior Behavioral Scientist

Nicole Eberhart (she/her) is a senior behavioral scientist at the RAND Corporation and a clinical psychologist. Her research focuses primarily on mental health and wellbeing. More specifically, her work focuses on evaluation of behavioral health programs, programs that integrate primary and…

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