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Preventive Health Care

Journal Article

Breast Cancer Screening Among Dominican Latinas: A Closer Look at Fatalism and Other Social and Cultural Factors

This study tests a theoretical model of social and structural (socioeconomic status and access to health care) and cultural factors (acculturation and fatalism) as correlates of mammography screening among Dominican Latinas.

Apr 22, 2015
Journal Article

Practice Guidance for Buprenorphine for the Treatment of Opioid Use Disorders: Results of an Expert Panel Process

The authors developed an updated and expanded set of buprenorphine treatment guidelines; this additional guidance may increase credentialed physicians' comfort with prescribing buprenorphine to patients with opioid use disorders.

Apr 22, 2015
Commentary

The Disneyland Measles Outbreak: “Anti-Vaxxers” Aren't the Only Issue

The recent measles outbreak that began in Disneyland is the latest reminder that Americans have ceded ground in the fight against the potentially deadly disease. So-called “anti-vaxxer” parents have received a lot of attention following the outbreak, but they may comprise less of the population than you think.

Mar 17, 2015
Journal Article

Prevalence of Colonoscopy Before Age 50

Colonoscopy before age 50 is increasingly common.

Feb 24, 2015
Commentary

Last Week Tonight's Jeff the Diseased Lung Is No Joke

John Oliver's “Jeff the Diseased Lung,” a cross between a warning label on cigarette packs in Australia and the Marlboro Man, has gone viral while research shows cigarettes are responsible for even more premature deaths than previously thought.

Feb 20, 2015
Journal Article

A Decade of Investment in Infection Prevention: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis

Multifaceted Health care-associated infection (HAI) prevention programs are cost-effective. Our results underscore the importance of maintaining ongoing investments in HAI prevention.

Feb 2, 2015
Journal Article

Acculturation and Drug Use Stigma Among Latinos and African Americans: An Examination of a Church-Based Sample

Substance use patterns among Latinos likely reflect changes in attitudes resulting from acculturation, but little is known about Latinos' attitudes regarding drug addiction.

Feb 2, 2015
Journal Article

How Group Factors Affect Adolescent Change Talk and Substance Use Outcomes: Implications for Motivational Interviewing Training

Clients who verbalize statements arguing for change (change talk [CT]) in psychotherapy are more likely to decrease alcohol and other drug use (AOD) compared with clients who voice statements in opposition of change (sustain talk [ST]).

Jan 28, 2015
Journal Article

The Impact of Tobacco Taxes on Mortality in the USA, 1970–2005

This paper aimed to estimate the effect of tobacco taxes on total mortality and cause-specific mortality in the 50 States plus the District of Columbia, USA, over the period 1970–2005 as well as the net effect on deaths averted in 2010.

Jan 28, 2015
Research Brief

Improving Outcomes for Substance Use Patients: Quality Measures May Be Necessary

The Affordable Care Act significantly increases coverage for substance use treatment, but it does not define quality measures—which are essential to monitoring and improving treatment. Thus, increased coverage may not translate into better outcomes unless existing measures are refined and new measures are developed and tested.

Jan 16, 2015
Journal Article

Medical Settings Continue to Be the Most Common Venue for Vaccinations

People who have been rarely vaccinated are more likely to receive a vaccination in a medical setting. Workplaces and retail locations disproportionately serve those who are regularly vaccinated.

Dec 23, 2014
Journal Article

Clinician Advice to Quit Smoking Among Seniors

Little smoking research in the past 20 years includes persons 50 and older; herein we describe patterns of clinician cessation advice to US seniors, including variation by Medicare beneficiary characteristics.

Dec 15, 2014
Journal Article

Community Study of Depression and Substance Abuse in Los Angeles Saftey-net Clients

About half of patients who receive treatment for depression in safety-net settings also have substance use disorders. Most clients with both depression and substance abuse histories were unemployed, poor, lacked health insurance, and had high rates of arrest and homelessness.

Dec 8, 2014
Journal Article

The ACA Expands Coverage for Substance Use Treatment, but Will It Improve Quality of Care?

With increased coverage for treating substance use disorders, the Affordable Care Act presents an opportunity to improve quality of care. However, meaningful quality measures must be developed before patients, their families, and society can benefit from improved treatment.

Dec 8, 2014
Commentary

Knowing When to Say Yes to Medical Technology

CT lung cancer screening turns out to be like many new medical technologies: It improves health but is quite expensive. Moreover, it needs implementation that targets those most likely to benefit and provides them the care they need efficiently.

Nov 18, 2014
Blog

Innovations in Health Care: New Treatments, Changing Systems

From the Affordable Care Act and new advances in medical technology to the impact of the aging population, panelists at RAND's Politics Aside discussed a wide-range of topics affecting America's health care system today and into the future.

Nov 18, 2014
Journal Article

Longitudinal Family Effects on Substance Use Among an At-Risk Adolescent Sample

Adult and peer factors may influence whether adolescents use alcohol and other drugs (AOD). This longitudinal study examined the direct effects of adult monitoring, perceived adult AOD use, and cultural values on adolescent AOD use.

Nov 7, 2014
Journal Article

Cost-effectiveness of CT Screening in the National Lung Screening Trial

CT screening reduced death from lung cancer by 20% during a 6 year trial among heavy smokers age 50-74; the cost was about $81,000/QALY gained. If screening is extended to not-so-heavy smokers, its value falls dramatically, and radiation risks may outweigh screening gains.

Nov 1, 2014
Q&A

Your Questions on Ebola, Answered

Melinda Moore, a RAND public health physician and senior researcher, hosted an “Ask Me Anything” session on Reddit to answer questions about Ebola, including whether a U.S. travel ban would help prevent the spread of the deadly disease.

Oct 21, 2014
News Release

State Policies Can Influence Patient Access to Effective Heroin Treatment

State policies can influence the number of physicians licensed to prescribe buprenorphine, a drug that can treat addiction to heroin and other opioids in outpatient settings.

Oct 7, 2014

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