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Sexually Transmitted Diseases

HIV/AIDS, HPV, chlamydia, gonorrhea, herpes, and other sexually transmitted diseases can cause depression, pain, and even death. RAND research equips policymakers worldwide with objective data on disease prevention and education, as well as recommendations for improving care while reducing disparities in treatment.

Commentary

PrEP for HIV Prevention in the UK Still Faces Many Challenges

PrEP is an HIV-prevention strategy that provides people at risk of HIV with oral antiretroviral drugs that are taken prior to potential exposure. It could be a game changer, but issues associated with its implementation, costs, and access need to be addressed.

Dec 15, 2016
News Release

Agencies in Five Cities Receive Funding to Improve Coordination of Health Care and Housing Assistance for HIV Patients

Public health departments and nonprofit groups in five cities will receive federal funding to improve the coordination of health care and housing help for people living with HIV. A new RAND program is providing support and capacity building assistance and evaluation of the sites.

Dec 12, 2016
Journal Article

Depression at Treatment Initiation Predicts HIV Antiretroviral Adherence in Uganda

Presence of depression at the start of HIV antiretroviral therapy can affect whether patients take their medications, which suggests that screening and early treatment could help boost rates of medication adherence.

Dec 8, 2016
Content

Twenty Years of HIV Research at RAND

RAND has been in the vanguard of HIV research since the virus emerged on the national scene in the mid-1980s. Since then, as policy and clinical issues have evolved, RAND has adapted its focus and methods to address new challenges.

Dec 1, 2016
Journal Article

Mind the Gap: Implementation Challenges Break the Link Between HIV/AIDS Research and Practice

Case studies of the implementation of two sampling strategies suggest how future research may increase reach and uptake of HIV services among key populations.

Nov 30, 2016
Journal Article

Racial and Ethnic Differences in Substance Use Diagnoses, Comorbid Psychiatric Disorders, and Treatment Initiation Among HIV-positive and HIV-negative Women in an Integrated Health Plan

HIV-positive women with substance use disorders are less likely than their HIV-negative counterparts to initiate treatment for substance abuse.

Nov 9, 2016
Journal Article

Identifying a Sample of HIV-positive Beneficiaries from Medicaid Claims Data and Estimating Their Treatment Costs

It is important to identify people living with HIV/AIDS using health insurance claims data so that assessments of cost and quality are not biased.

Oct 18, 2016
Journal Article

A Structured Protocol Model of Depression Care Versus Clinical Acumen: A Cluster Randomized Trial of the Effects on Depression Screening, Diagnostic Evaluation, and Treatment Uptake in Ugandan HIV Clinics

Trained lay workers and medical providers in Uganda were able to successfully implement depression screening, diagnosis, and treatment prescription when given training and ongoing supervision from mental health specialists.

Oct 18, 2016
Journal Article

Longitudinal Relationships Between Antiretroviral Treatment Adherence and Discrimination Due to HIV-serostatus, Race, and Sexual Orientation Among African-American Men with HIV

Sexual orientation, HIV-serostatus, and racial discrimination all reduce treatment adherence among African American men, but racial discrimination has the most powerful effect.

Oct 18, 2016
Journal Article

HIV Tests and New Diagnoses Declined After California Budget Cuts, but Reallocating Funds Helped Reduce Impact

When California's 2009 budget crunch eliminated supplemental funding for HIV prevention, state and local programs redirected remaining funds from risk reduction education to testing, thus somewhat dampening reductions in testing.

Oct 13, 2016
Journal Article

Conspiracy Beliefs About HIV Are Related to Antiretroviral Treatment Nonadherence Among African American Men with HIV

HIV conspiracy theories among African Americans are neither rare nor extreme, and they discourage individuals who need HIV care from adhering to treatment.

Oct 13, 2016
Journal Article

Co-occurring Psychiatric Symptoms and Drug Dependence or Heavy Drinking Among HIV-Positive People

Co-occurring psychiatric symptoms and either or both drug dependence or heavy drinking among people with HIV can reduce their quality of life and interfere with treatment adherence; therefore HIV service providers should screen for these conditions and provide appropriate services.

Oct 13, 2016
Journal Article

Stigma and Racial/Ethnic HIV Disparities: Moving Toward Resilience

Societal stigma contributes to racial and ethic disparities in who acquires HIV, is aware of their sero-status, receives treatment, and dies early.

Oct 13, 2016
Journal Article

A Microfinance Program Targeting People Living with HIV in Uganda: Client Characteristics and Program Impact

Ugandans living with medically stable HIV are able to repay microcredit loans; paired with business training, the loans can help this vulnerable population improve their weekly income and build assets.

Sep 30, 2016
Journal Article

Achieving Broad Participation in Congregational Health Surveys at African American and Latino Churches

Participation in church-wide surveys of sensitive health issues can be enhanced by holding survey sessions after religious services, collaborating with congregational leaders, and tailoring surveys to the cultural and organizational contexts.

Sep 15, 2016
Journal Article

Late Presentation to HIV/AIDS Care in Brazil Among Men Who Self-Identify as Heterosexual

Provider-based HIV testing that focuses only on high-risk populations increases the chances that HIV+ heterosexual men will not be diagnosed until they already present symptoms of AIDS.

Sep 14, 2016
Journal Article

Demographic, Insurance, and Health Characteristics of Newly Enrolled HIV-positive Patients After Implementation of the Affordable Care Act in California

After key ACA provisions went into effect in 2014, enrollment of HIV-positive patients increased. Those newly enrolled in a large California health plan were more likely to be male, in a high-deductible plan, and to have better viral control.

Sep 13, 2016
Journal Article

Effects of Depression Alleviation on ART Adherence and HIV Clinic Attendance in Uganda, and the Mediating Roles of Self-Efficacy and Motivation

Alleviating depression in people living with HIV may improve their HIV care adherence and clinic attendance.

Aug 29, 2016
Journal Article

HIV Prevalence and Demographic Determinants of Condomless Receptive Anal Intercourse Among Trans Feminine Individuals in Beirut, Lebanon

Nearly all of the participants in this study of trans feminine individuals in Lebanon had experienced gender identity discrimination; more than half reported condomless receptive anal intercourse with male partners in the past three months.

Aug 26, 2016
Journal Article

HIV Testing Among Black and Hispanic Immigrants in the United States

Many black and Hispanic immigrants to the United States have not been tested for HIV.

Jul 25, 2016

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RAND Topic:
Sexually Transmitted Diseases

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