Reports and Articles - Youth

Below are the most recent reports and articles from the RAND Drug Policy Research Center. Please visit our RAND Topics pages for a complete research archive on these and other drug policy-related research topics.

RAND Topic Pages: Underage Substance Use

2007

• Preventing Underage Drinking: Using Getting To Outcomes™ with the SAMHSA Strategic Prevention Framework to Achieve Results 2007

  Pamela Imm, Matthew Chinman, Abraham Wandersman, David Rosenbloom, Sarah Guckenburg, Roberta Leis

  Alcohol is the primary contributor to adolescent deaths in the United States. Structured according to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration’s (SAMHSA’s) Strategic Prevention Framework, a five-step prevention approach, this comprehensive guide to developing, implementing, and evaluating a communitywide plan to prevent underage drinking adopts the Getting To Outcomes model of evaluation, accountability, and improvement.

• Project CHAT: A Brief Motivational Substance Abuse Intervention for Teens in Primary Care 2007

  Stefanie Howard, Lisa S. Meredith, Jessica Gholson, Paul Gore, Elizabeth J. D'Amico

  Feedback from the MI pilot indicated that teens were willing to talk about their AOD use and indicated readiness to change. Findings suggest that providing a brief MI in a PC setting is a viable approach for working with high-risk youth.

• School-based Drug Prevention Among At-Risk Adolescents: Effects of ALERT Plus 2007

  Douglas L. Longshore, Phyllis L. Ellickson, Daniel F. McCaffrey, Patricia A. Stclair

  Project ALERT drug prevention curriculum curbed alcohol misuse and tobacco and marijuana use among eighth-grade adolescents. This article reports effects among ninth-grade at-risk adolescents.

• Smoking Rates Among Adolescents in Substance Abuse Treatment Programs 2007

  Beth Ann Griffin, Rajeev Ramchand, Katherine M. Harris, Daniel F. McCaffrey, Andrew R. Morral

  No systematic analyses have established an association between smoking and recovery from drug and alcohol problems after drug treatment for adolescents. The authors examined smoking rates by recovery status among youths admitted to one of ten treatment programs participating in the Adolescent Treatment Models evaluation between 1998 and 2001.

• Treatment Process in the Therapeutic Community: Associations with Retention and Outcomes Among Adolescent Residential Clients 2007

  Maria Orlando Edelen, Joan S. Tucker, Suzanne L. Wenzel, Susan M. Paddock, Patricia A. Ebener, James Dahl, Wallace Mandell

  This study examined associations of a new multidimensional measure of therapeutic community (TC) treatment process, the Dimensions of Change Instrument (DCI), with treatment retention (n = 397) and posttreatment outcomes (n = 207) among adolescent residential clients.

• Using Outcomes to Assess Teen Substance-Use Treatment Programs—How Feasible? 2007

  Andrew R. Morral, Daniel F. McCaffrey, Greg Ridgeway, Arnab Mukherji, Christopher Beighley

  This study explored using outcome data to assess adolescent substance abuse treatment program performance. However, this approach may be problematic. A more promising approach may be to identify quality-of-care indicators for assessing performance.

2006

• Adolescent Predictors of Generalized Health Risk in Young Adulthood: A 10-Year Longitudinal Assessment 2006

  Laura M. Bogart, Rebecca L. Collins, Phyllis L. Ellickson, David J. Klein

  The authors conducted a prospective examination of multiple adolescent predictors of generalized health risk in early adulthood.

• Adolescent Self-Selection of Service Formats: Implications for Secondary Interventions Targeting Alcohol Use 2006

  Elizabeth J. D'Amico, Kristen G. Anderson, Jane Metrik, Kevin C. Frissell, Timothy Ellingstad, Sandra A. Brown

  A novel motivational enhancement based secondary alcohol intervention has been shown to increase quit attempts for youth with heavier alcohol use histories

• Are Drug Experimenters Better Adjusted Than Abstainers and Users? A Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Marijuana Use 2006

  Joan S. Tucker, Phyllis L. Ellickson, Rebecca L. Collins, David J. Klein

  Results refute the idea that adolescents who abstain from substance use are maladjusted, and suggest instead that they function better than experimenters later in life, during the transition to young adulthood.

• Cigarette Smoking from Adolescence to Young Adulthood: Women's Developmental Trajectories and Associates Outcomes 2006

  Joan S. Tucker, Phyllis L. Ellickson, Maria Orlando Edelen, David J. Klein

  Women with certain patterns of smoking from age 13-23 are at heightened risk for early transitions to sexual activity and parenthood, as well as health, behavioral, and socioeconomic problems during young adulthood.

• Does Solitary Substance Use Increase Adolescents' Risk for Poor Psychosocial and Behavioral Outcomes? A 9-Year Longitudinal Study Comparing Solitary and Social Users 2006

  Joan S. Tucker, Phyllis L. Ellickson, Rebecca L. Collins, David J. Klein

  Results indicate the importance of better understanding and addressing the needs of this understudied group of high-risk youth.

• Escalation and Initiation of Younger Adolescents' Substance Use: The Impact of Perceived Peer Use 2006

  Elizabeth J. D'Amico, Denis M. McCarthy

  Results highlight the importance of perceived peer use in predicting both onset and escalation of use and suggest utilizing a multifaceted prevention approach that targets multiple substances.

• Forging the Link Between Alcohol Advertising and Underage Drinking 2006

  Rebecca L. Collins, Phyllis L. Ellickson, Daniel F. McCaffrey, Katrin Hambarsoomian

  This research brief shows that alcohol advertising appears to promote adolescent drinking and suggests that school drug prevention programs can blunt the impact of alcohol ads on youth.

• National Youth Anti-Drug Media Campaign and School-Based Drug Prevention: Evidence for a Synergistic Effect in ALERT Plus 2006

  Douglas L. Longshore, Bonnie Ghosh-Dastidar, Phyllis L. Ellickson

  45 South Dakota high schools and their middle-school feeder(s) were randomly assigned to an ALERT condition (basic prevention curriculum delivered in 7th and 8th grades), an ALERT Plus condition (basic curriculum with booster lessons added for 9th and 10th grades), or a control condition. Marijuana use in the past month was significantly less likely among ALERT Plus students reporting at least weekly exposure to anti-drug media messages.

• Reducing Substance Use Improves Adolescents' School Attendance 2006

  John Engberg, Andrew R. Morral

  Substance use initiation and frequency are associated with reduced educational attainments among adolescents. Reductions in the frequency of alcohol, stimulants and other drug use and the elimination of marijuana use were each associated independently with increased likelihoods of school attendance.

• The Relationship Between High School Marijuana Use and Annual Earnings Among Young Adult Males 2006

  Jeanne S. Ringel, Phyllis L. Ellickson, Rebecca L. Collins

  This article uses a unique panel data set to examine the relationship between high school marijuana use and annual earnings at age 29.

• The Relative Effectiveness of 10 Adolescent Substance Abuse Treatment Programs in the United States 2006

  Andrew R. Morral, Daniel F. McCaffrey, Greg Ridgeway, Arnab Mukherji, Christopher Beighley

  This study compares the effectiveness of 11 U.S. community-based substance abuse treatment programs for adolescents. After accounting for pretreatment differences between the youths entering each program, no persuasive evidence was found to suggest that any program produced superior outcomes. The significance of the findings for current efforts to develop outcomes-based treatment performance measurement systems is highlighted in the discussion.

• Socio-environmental Influences on Adolescents' Alcohol Outcome Expectancies: A Prospective Analysis 2006

  Steven Martino, Rebecca L. Collins, Phyllis L. Ellickson, Terry L. Schell, Daniel F. McCaffrey

  Investigation of the prospective influence of social influence and social bonding variables on the development of alcohol outcome expectancies among adolescents with and without drinking experience. Findings suggest that attempts to alter adolescents' alcohol expectancies are likely to fail unless they address the influence of immediate social models on these beliefs.

• Time Trends and Demographic Differences in Youth Exposure to Alcohol Advertising on Television 2006

  Jeanne S. Ringel, Rebecca L. Collins, Phyllis L. Ellickson

  To examine trends in youth exposure to alcohol advertising on television across different demographic groups.

• An Update on Adolescent Drug Use: What School Counselors Need to Know 2006

  Katherine E. Watkins, Phyllis L. Ellickson, Mary E. Vaiana, Scott Hiromoto

  School counselors need to have accurate and age-appropriate prevention education information in order to counsel teens on drug use.

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