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RAND-USC Schaeffer OPTIC

A National Resource for Opioid Policy Science

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Note from the Co-Director

Beth Ann Griffin

Good policymaking depends on reliable evaluations of state-level policies. But reliable evaluations face multiple barriers, including whether statistical models can disentangle the effects of concurrently implemented policies.

We conducted simulations to test the performance of commonly used statistical models and to assess how concurrently implemented policies affected the evaluation of hypothetical state-level policies. We created a tool which allows users to explore how the different models perform under varying policy scenarios. Our findings highlight several key methodological issues regarding co-occurring policies in the context of opioid-policy research yet also generalize more broadly to evaluation of other state-level policies, such as policies related to firearms or COVID-19, showcasing the need to think critically about co-occurring policies that are likely to influence the outcome when specifying analytic models.

We always welcome your comments and suggestions at OPTIC@rand.org. – Beth Ann Griffin, Co-Director OPTIC

Recent Products from OPTIC Researchers

Screenshot of the Concurrent Policies Simulation Tool results, image by the RAND Corporation

Image by the RAND Corporation

Concurrent Policies Simulation Tool

This tool allows users to select from a range of simulation parameters to explore how different models perform and compare models by various performance metrics. Explore the tool »

Puzzle piece falling into place, photo by LdF/Getty Images

Photo by LdF/Getty Images

Methodological Considerations for Estimating Policy Effects in the Context of Co-Occurring Policies

Researchers conducted simulations to assess how concurrently implemented policies affected the evaluation of hypothetical state-level policies. Read more »

Naloxone kit next to two vials, photo by Marvin Samuel Tolentino Pineda/Getty Images

Photo by Marvin Samuel Tolentino Pineda/Getty Images

Effectiveness and Implementability of State-Level Naloxone Access Policies: Expert Consensus from an Online Modified-Delphi Process

This study gathered expert consensus on the effectiveness and implementability of various state-level naloxone strategies.
Read more »

Medications sign next to hospital pharmacy door, photo by SDI Productions/Getty Images

Photo by SDI Productions/Getty Images

Subsequent Buprenorphine Treatment Following Emergency Physician Buprenorphine Prescription Fills: A National Assessment 2019 to 2020

This study examined the rates of subsequent buprenorphine treatment for buprenorphine-naïve individuals filling buprenorphine prescriptions from emergency physicians and initiated buprenorphine treatment and how such rates varied before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Read more »

Close up of a contactless payment transaction at a pharmacy, photo by Tempura/Getty Images

Photo by Tempura/Getty Images

Trends in Out-of-Pocket Costs for Naloxone by Drug Brand and Payer in the US, 2010-2018

Researchers analyzed US naloxone claims data and associated out-of-pocket costs for individuals filling naloxone prescriptions by drug brand and payer from 2010 to 2018. Read more »

View All Publications »

Commentary and Press

Most People Who Receive Medication in Emergency Departments to Treat Opioid Use Disorder Do Not Sustain the Treatment (RAND Corporation)

Supplies of a Drug Meant to Fight Opioid Addiction Fell During the Pandemic (U.S. News)

A Greater Focus On Harm Reduction Will Save Lives (Health Affairs Blog)

Out-of-Pocket Cost of Naloxone May Keep Many Uninsured from Using Lifesaving Treatment (RAND Corporation)

A New and More Dangerous Drug Market Requires a New Approach (RAND Corporation)

Fentanyl Makes an Already Dangerous Drug Market Deadlier Than Ever (The Ripon Forum)

Dollar sign in a circle with an arrow going up behind it indicating increasing costs

506% increase

in the mean out-of-pocket cost of naloxone for uninsured patients between 2014 and 2018.

(RAND Corporation)

National Perspectives

A national sampling of thought-provoking research and insights

Alcohol-Related Deaths During the COVID-19 Pandemic - White, et al. JAMA

Disparities in receipt of medications for opioid use disorder among pregnant women - Henkhaus, et al. Substance Abuse

Impact of Administering Buprenorphine to Overdose Survivors Using Emergency Medical Services - Carrol, et al. Ann Emerg Med

Impact of stigmatizing language describing opioid-exposed mother infant dyads: a randomized case vignette study - Schiff, et al. Substance Abuse

Implications of Telepsychiatry for Cost, Quality, and Equity of Mental Health Care - Blanco, et al. JAMA Psychiatry

Improving Opioid Use Disorder Treatment through Quality Assessment - Incze, et al. J Gen Intern Med

Receipt of Telehealth Services, Receipt and Retention of Medications for Opioid Use Disorder, and Medically Treated Overdose Among Medicare Beneficiaries Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic - Jones, et al. JAMA Psychiatry

Shifting Medication Treatment Practices in the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Statewide Survey of Pennsylvania Opioid Treatment Programs - Krawczyk, et al. J Addict Med

State-level regulations and opioid-related health outcomes - Jackson, et al. Drug Alcohol Dependence

The impact of HDHPs on service use and spending for substance use disorders - Eisenberg, et al. Am J Manag Care

Forthcoming Presentations

Nov 19, 2022
Presenting in the Opioid Epidemic Mechanisms and Solutions session at the Southern Economic Association Meeting - Rosanna Smart, David Powell, Rosalie Pacula, Evan Peet, Ashley Bradford

January 7, 2023
Presenting in the Economics of the Opioid Crisis Paper Session at the American Economic Association Annual Meeting - Evan Peet

January 10, 2023
Presenting on Improving the evidence for informed policymaking: Recent advances in best practices for policy evaluation at the International Conference on Health Policy Statistics (ICHPS) Conference - Megan Schuler, Elizabeth Stuart, & Beth Ann Griffin

Leadership

Brad Stein

Bradley Stein

Director

Rosalie Liccardo Pacula

Rosalie Liccardo Pacula

Codirector

Beth Ann Griffin

Beth Ann Griffin

Codirector

 

OPTIC is designed to be a national resource, fostering innovative and high-quality research in opioid policy science, and developing and disseminating methods, tools, and information to the research community, policymakers, and other stakeholders.

https://www.rand.org/OPTIC

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