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Authentication by Keystroke Timing

Some Preliminary Results

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By: R. Stockton Gaines, William Lisowski, S. James Press, Norman Shapiro

Describes a set of experiments performed to investigate whether people can be identified by the way they type. Seven professional typists were given a paragraph of prose to type and the times between successive keystrokes were recorded. The procedure was repeated four months later with the same typists and text. Examination of the probability distributions of the times each typist required to type certain pairs of successively typed letters (digraphs) showed that of the large number of digraphs in most ordinary paragraphs, there are five which, considered together, could serve as a basis for distinguishing among the typists. This finding implies that touch typists appear to have a typing "signature" and that this method of distinguishing typists might provide the basis for a computer authentication system.

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