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Swarming and the Future of Conflict

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By: John Arquilla, David Ronfeldt

Swarming is a seemingly amorphous, but deliberately structured, coordinated, strategic way to perform military strikes from all directions. It employs a sustainable pulsing of force and/or fire that is directed from both close-in and stand-off positions. It will work best — perhaps it will only work — if it is designed mainly around the deployment of myriad, small, dispersed, networked maneuver units. This calls for an organizational redesign — involving the creation of platoon-like pods joined in company-likeclusters — that would keep but retool the most basic military unit structures. It is similar to the corporate redesign principle of flattening, which often removes or redesigns middle layers of management. This has proven successful in the ongoing revolution in business affairs and may prove equally useful in the military realm. From command and control ofline units to logistics, profound shifts will have to occur to nurture this new way of war. This study examines the benefits — and also the costs and risks — of engaging in such serious doctrinal change. The emergence of a military doctrine based on swarming pods and clusters requires that defense policymakers develop new approaches to connectivity and control and achieve a new balance between the two. Far more than traditional approachesto battle, swarming clearly depends upon robust information flows. Securing these flows, therefore, can be seen as a necessary condition for successful swarming.

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Pages: 102

ISBN/EAN: 0-8330-2885-5

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Contents

Chapter One:
Introduction

Chapter Two:
Evolution of Military Doctrine

Chapter Three:
Instances of Swarming

Chapter Four:
Design Elements and Challenges

Chapter Five:
Toward A Battleswarm Doctrine

The research described in this report was conducted by the RAND National Security Research Division (NSRD).

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