Baker, B. O., Hardyck, C. D., & Petrinovich, L.F. (1966). Weak measurements vs. strong statistics: An empirical critique of S.S. Stevens' proscriptions on statistics. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 26, 291-309.
Bentler, P. M., & Eichberg, R. H. (1975). A social psychological approach to substance abuse construct validity: Prediction of adolescent drug use from independent data sources. In D. J. Lettieri (ed.), Predicting adolescent drug abuse: A review of issues, methods and correlates. Washington, D.C.: U. S. Government Printing Office.
Bentler, P. M., Jackson, D. N., & Messick, S. (1971). Identification of content and style: A two-dimensional interpretation of acquiescence. Psychological Bulletin, 76, 186-204.
Bindman, A., Keane, D., Lurie, N. (1990). Measuring health changes among severely ill patients: The floor phenomenon. Medical Care, 28, 1142-1152.
Bollen, K. A., & Barb, K. H. (1981). Pearson's R and coarsely categorized measures. American Sociological Review, 46, 232-239.
Boyle, M. H., & Torrance, G. W. (1984). Developing multiattribute health indexes. Medical Care, 22, 1045-1057.
Bozzette, S. A., Hays, R. D., Berry, S., & Kanouse, D. (1994). A perceived health index for use in persons with advanced HIV disease: Derivation, reliability, and validity, Medical Care, 32, 716-731.
Bradburn, N. M., & Sudman, S. (1980). Improving interview method and questionnaire design. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Burnam, M. A., Wells, K. B., Leake, B., Landsverk, J. (1988). Development of a brief screening instrument for detecting depressive disorders. Medical Care, 26, 775-789.
Campbell, D. T., & Fiske, D. W. (1959). Convergent and discriminant validation by the multitrait-multimethod matrix. Psychological Bulletin, 56, 81-105.
Carp, F. M. (1974). Position effects on interview responses. Journal of Gerontology, 29, 581-587.
Cattell, R. B. (1966). The scree test for the number of factors. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 1, 245-276.
Chambers, L. W. (1983). Physical and emotional function of primary care patients: Scientific requirements for the measurement of functional health status. Journal of the American Medical Association, 249, 3353-3355.
Cicchetti, D. V., Showalter, D., & Tyrer, P. J. (1985). The effect of number of rating scale categories on levels of interrater reliability: A Monte Carlo investigation. Applied Psychological Measurement, 9, 31-36.
Converse, J. M., & Presser, S. (1986). Survey questions: Handcrafting the standardized questionnaire. Beverly Hills: Sage Publications.
Cronbach, L. J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika, 16, 297-334.
Cronbach, L. J.,&Meehl, P. E. (1955). Construct validity in psychological tests. Psychological Bulletin, 52, 281-302.
Crowne, D. P.,&Marlowe, D. (1960). A new scale of social desirability independent of psychopathology. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 24, 349-354.
Davies, A. R.,&Ware, J. E. (1981). Measuring health perceptions in the health insurance experiment, R-2711-HHS, Santa Monica, CA: RAND, 126 pp.
Dawes, R. M. (1977). Suppose we measured height with rating scales instead of rulers. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1, 267-273.
Detsky, A. S.,&Nagle, I. G. (1990). A clinician's guide to cost-effectiveness analysis. Annals of Internal Medicine, 113, 147-154.
Dillman, D. A. (1978). Mail and telephone surveys: The total design method. New York: Wiley&Sons.
Donald, C. A.,&Ware, J. E. (1982). The quantification of social contacts and resources, R-2937-HHS, Santa Monica, CA: RAND, 228 pp.
Edwards, A. L. (1970). The measurement of personality traits by scales and inventories. New York: Holt, Rinehart&Winston.
Eisen, M., Donald, C., Ware, J. E.,&Brook, R. (1980). Conceptualization and Measurement of Health for Children in the Health Insurance Study, R-2313-HEW, RAND, Santa Monica, CA.
Ford, J. K., MacCallum, R. C.,&Tait, M. (1986). The application of exploratory factor analysis in applied psychology: A critical review and analysis. Personnel Psychology, 39, 291-314.
Fowler, F. J. (1991). Reducing interviewer-related error through interviewer training, supervision, and other means. In P. P. Biemer, R. M. Groves, L. E. Lyberg, N. A. Mathiowetz,&S. Sudman (eds.), Measurement errors in surveys (pp. 259-278). New York: Wiley&Sons, Inc.
Friedman, H. S.,&Booth-Kewley, S. (1987). The "disease-prone personality": A meta-analytic view of the construct. American Psychologist, 42, 539-555.
Froberg, D. G.,&Kane, R. L. (1989). Methodology for measuring health-state preferences--III: Population and context effects. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 42, 585-592.
George, L. K.,&Landerman, R. (1984). Health and subjective well-being: A replicated secondary data analysis. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 19, 133-156.
Guilford, J. P. (1954). Psychometric Methods. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Guttman, L. A. (1954). Some necessary conditions for common factor analysis. Psychometrika, 19, 149-161.
Guyatt, G., Walter, S.,&Norman, G. (1987). Measuring change over time: Assessing the usefulness of evaluative instruments. Journal of Chronic Diseases, 40, 171-178.
Hadorn, D.C,&Hays, R. D. (1991). Multitrait-multimethod analysis of health-related quality-of-life measures. Medical Care, 29, 829-840.
Hall, J. A., Epstein, A. M.,&McNeil, B. J. (1989). Multidimensionality of health status in an elderly population: Construct validity of a measurement battery. Medical Care, 27, S168-S177.
Hays, R. D., Bell, R. M., Damush, T., Hill, L., DiMatteo, M. R.,&Marshall, G. (1994). Do response options influence alcohol use self-reports by college students? International Journal of the Addictions, 29, 1909-1920.
Hays, R. D.,&DiMatteo, M. R. (1987). A short-form measure of loneliness. Journal of Personality Assessment, 51, 69-81.
Hays, R. D., Gillogly, J. J., Hill, L., Lewis, M. W., Bell, R. M.,&Nicholas, R. (1992). A Microcomputer Assessment System (MAS) for administering computer-based surveys: Preliminary results from administration to clients at an impaired-driver treatment program. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments,&Computers, 24, 358-365.
Hays, R. D.,&Hadorn, D. (1992). Responsiveness to change: An aspect of validity, not a separate dimension. Quality of Life Research, 1, 73-75.
Hays, R. D.,&Hayashi, T. (1990). Beyond internal consistency reliability: Rationale and User's Guide for Multitrait Scaling Analysis Program on the microcomputer. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments&Computers, 22, 167-175.
Hays, R. D., Hayashi, T.,&Stewart, A. L. (1989). A five-item measure of socially desirable response set. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 49, 629-636.
Hays, R. D.,&Huba, G. J. (1988). Reliability and validity of drug use items differing in the nature of their response options. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 56, 470-472.
Hays, R. D.,&Shapiro, M. F. (1992). An overview of generic health-related quality of life measures for HIV research. Quality of Life Research, 1, 91-97.
Hays, R. D., Sherbourne, C. D.,&Mazel, R. M. (1993). The RAND 36-Item Health Survey 1.0. Health Economics, 2, 217-227.
Hays, R. D.,&Stewart, A. L. (1990). The structure of self-reported health in chronic disease patients. Psychological Assessment, 2, 22-30.
Hays, R. D.,&Stewart, A. L. (1992a). Sleep measures. In A. L. Stewart&J. E. Ware (eds.), Measuring functioning and well-being: The Medical Outcomes Study approach (pp. 235-259), Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Hays, R. D.,&Stewart, A. L. (1992b). Construct validity of MOS health measures. In A. L. Stewart&J. E. Ware (eds.), Measuring functioning and well-being: The Medical Outcomes Study approach (pp. 325-342), Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Hays, R. D., Stewart, A. L., Sherbourne, C. D.,&Marshall G. N. (1993). The "states versus weights" dilemma in quality of life measurement. Quality of Life Research, 2, 167-168.
Hays, R. D.,&Wang, E. (1992, April). Multitrait Scaling Program: MULTI. Proceedings of the Seventeenth Annual SAS Users Group International Conference, 1151-1156.
Hays, R.D., Wells, K.B., Sherbourne, C.D., Rogers, W.,&Spritzer, K. (1995). Functioning and well-being outcomes of patients with depression compared to chronic general medical illnesses. Archives of General Psychiatry, 52, 11-19.
Hendrickson, A. E.,&White, P. O. (1964). Promax: A quick method for rotation to oblique simple structure. British Journal of Statistical Psychology, 17, 65-70.
Hornberger, J. C., Redelmeier, D. A.,&Petersen, J. (1992). Variability among methods to assess patients' well-being and consequent effect on a cost-effectiveness analysis. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 45, 505-512.
Howard, K. I.,&Forehand, G. G. (1962). A method for correcting item-total correlations for the effect of relevant item inclusion. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 22, 731-735.
Hoyt, C. (1941). Test reliability estimated by analysis of variance. Psychometrika, 6, 153-160.
Humphreys, L. G.,&Ilgen, D. R. (1969). Note on a criterion for the number of common factors. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 29, 571-578.
Jacobsen, L. J., Brown, R. F,&Ariza, M. J. (1983). A revised multidimensional social desirability inventory. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 21, 391-392.
Jessor, R., Graves, T. D., Hanson, R. C.,&Jessor, S. L. (1968). Society, Personality and Deviant Behavior: A Study of Tri-Ethnic Community. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
Johnson, D. R.,&Creech, J. D. (1983). Ordinal measures in multiple indicator models: A simulation study of categorization error. American Sociological Review, 48, 398-407.
Johnson, J. A. (1981). The "self-disclosure" and "self-presentation" views of item response dynamics and personality scale validity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 40, 761-769.
Kessler, R. C., Foster, C., Webster, P. S.,&House, J. S. (1992). The relationship between age and depressive symptoms in two national surveys. Psychology and Aging, 7, 119-126.
Klassen, D., Hornstra, R. K.,&Anderson, P. B. (1975). Influence of social desirability on symptoms and mood reporting in a community survey. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 43, 448-452.
Kristiansen, C. M.,&Harding, C. M. (1984). The social desirability of preventive health behavior. Public Health Reports, 99, 384-388.
McHorney, C. A., Ware, J. E., Lu, J.F.,&Sherbourne, C. D. (1994). The MOS 36 item short-form health survey (SF-36): III. Tests of data quality, scaling assumptions, and validity among diverse patient groups. Medical Care, 32, 40-66.
McHorney, C. A., Ware, J. E.,&Raczek, A. E. (1993). The MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36): II. Psychometric and clinical tests of validity in measuring physical and mental health constructs. Medical Care, 3l, 247-263.
McHorney, C. A., Ware, J. E., Rogers, W. R., Raczek, A. E., and Lu, J. F. (1992). The validity and relative precision of MOS short- and long-form health status scales and Darmouth COOP Charts: Results from the Medical Outcomes Study. Medical Care, 30, S253-S265.
Mirowsky, J.,&Ross, C. E. (1992). Age and depression. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 33, 187-205.
Montanelli, R. G.,&Humphreys, L. G. (1976). Latent root of random data correlation matrices with squared multiple correlations on the diagonal: A Monte Carlo study. Psychometrika, 41, 341-348.
Nelson, E. C., Hays, R. D., Arnold, S., Kwoh, K.,&Sherbourne, C. (1989). Age and functional health status, P-7570. Santa Monica, CA: RAND.
Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric theory, 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Prisant, L. M., Carr, A. A., Bottini, P. B., Thompson, W. O.,&Rhoades, R. B. (1992). Repeatability of automated ambulatory blood pressure measurements. The Journal of Family Practice, 34, 569-574.
Raymond, M. R. (1986). Missing data in evaluation research. Evaluation and the Health Professions, 9, 395-420.
Rogers, W. R., McGlynn, E. A., Berry, S.H., et al. (1992). Methods of sampling. In A. L. Stewart&J. E. Ware (eds.), Measuring functioning and well-being: The Medical Outcomes Study approach (pp. 27-47), Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Rummel, R. J. (1970). Applied factor analysis. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press.
Schwarz, N., Hippler, H., Deutsch, B.,&Strack, F. (1985). Response scales: Effects of category range on reported behavior and comparative judgments. Public Opinion Quarterly, 49, 388-395.
Sherbourne, C. D. (1992a). Social functioning: Social activity limitations measures. In A.L. Stewart&J.E. Ware (eds.), Measuring functioning and well-being: The Medical Outcomes Study approach (pp. 173-181), Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Sherbourne C. D. (1992b). Pain Measures. In A.L. Stewart&J. E. Ware (eds.), Measuring functioning and well-being: The Medical Outcomes Study approach, Durham, NC: Duke University Press (pp. 220-234).
Sherbourne, C. D., Allen, H., Kamberg, C.,&Wells, K. B. (1992). Physical/psychophysiologic symptoms measure. In A.L. Stewart&J.E. Ware, Measuring functioning and well-being: The Medical Outcomes Study approach, (pp. 260-276). Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Sherbourne, C. D.,&Meredith, L. (1992). Quality of self-report data: A comparison of older and younger chronically ill patients. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences, 47, S204-S211.
Sherbourne, C. D., Stewart, A. L.,&Wells, K. B. (1992). Role functioning measures. In A.L. Stewart and J.E. Ware (eds.), Measuring functioning and well-being: The Medical Outcomes Study approach (pp. 205-219), Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Smith, D. H. (1967). Correcting for social desirability response sets in opinion-attitude survey research. Public Opinion Quarterly, 31, 1134-1136.
STATA Reference Manual: Release 3. (1992). Santa Monica, CA: Computing Resource Center.
Steiger, J. H. (1980). Tests for comparing elements of a correlation matrix. Psychological Bulletin, 87, 245-251.
Stewart, A. L., Greenfield, S., Hays, R. D., Wells, K. B., Rogers, W. H., Berry, S. D., McGlynn, E. A.,&Ware, J. E. (1989). Functional status and well-being of patients with chronic conditions. Journal of the American Medical Association, 262, 907-913.
Stewart, A. L., Hays, R. D.,&Ware, J. E. (1988). The MOS short-form general health survey: Reliability and validity in a patient population. Medical Care, 26, 724-735.
Stewart, A. L., Hays, R. D.,&Ware, J. E. (1992a). Health perceptions, energy/fatigue, and health distress measures. In A. L. Stewart&J. E. Ware (eds.), Measuring functioning and well-being: The Medical Outcomes Study approach (pp. 143-172), Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Stewart, A. L., Hays, R. D.,&Ware, J. E. (1992b). Methods of validating health measures. In A. L. Stewart&J. E. Ware (eds.), Measuring functioning and well-being: The Medical Outcomes Study approach (pp. 309-324), Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Stewart, A. L.,&Kamberg, C. (1992). Physical functioning: In A. L. Stewart and J.E. Ware (eds.), Measuring functional status and well-being: The Medical Outcomes Study approach (pp. 86-142), Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Stewart, A. L., Sherbourne, C., Hays, R. D., et al. (1992). Summary and discussion of MOS measures. In A. L. Stewart&J. E. Ware (eds.), Measuring functioning and well-being: The Medical Outcomes Study approach (pp. 345-371). Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Tarlov, A. R., Ware, J. E., Greenfield, S., Nelson, E., Perrin, E.,&Zubkoff, M. (1989). The Medical Outcomes Study: An application of methods for monitoring the results of Medical Care. Journal of the American Medical Association, 262, 925-930.
Tellegen, A.,&Ben-Porath, Y. S. (1992). The new uniform T scores for the MMPI-2: Rationale, derivation, and appraisal. Psychological Assessment, 4, 145-155.
Veit, C. T.,&Ware, J. E. (1983). The structure of psychological distress and well-being in a general population. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 51, 730-742.
Ware, J. E. (1978). Effects of acquiescent response set on patient satisfaction ratings. Medical Care, 16, 327-336.
Ware, J. E. (1984). Methodological considerations in the selection of health status assessment procedures: In N.K. Wenger, M.E. Matson, C.D. Furberg,&J. Elinson (eds.), Assessment of quality of life in clinical trials of cardiovascular disease (pp. 87-111), LeJacq Pub. Co., NY.
Ware, J. E.,&Sherbourne, C. D. (1992). The MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36): I. Conceptual framework and item selection. Medical Care, 30, 473-483.
Ware, J. E., Sherbourne, C. D.,&Davies, A. R. (1992). Developing and testing the MOS 20-item short-form health survey: A general population application. In A. L. Stewart&J. E. Ware (eds.), Measuring functioning and well-being: The Medical Outcomes Study Approach, pp. 277-290, Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Wells, K. B., Golding, J. M.,&Burnam, M. A. (1988). Psychiatric disorder and limitations in physical functioning in a sample of the Los Angeles general population. American Journal of Psychiatry, 145, 712-717.
Wells, K. B., Hays, R. D., Burnam, M. A., Rogers, W., Greenfield, S., Ware, J. E. (1989). Detection of depressive disorder for patients receiving prepaid or fee-for-service care. Journal of the American Medical Association, 263, 3298-3302.
Wells, K. B., Stewart, A. L., Hays, R. D., et al. (1989). The functioning and well-being of depressed patients: Results from the Medical Outcomes Study. Journal of the American Medical Association, 262, 914-919.
Wells, L. E.,&Marwell, G. (1976). Self-esteem: Its conceptualization and measurement. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
