NSRD Publications

NSRD Publications by Year:
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  Acquisition and Use of MANPADS Against Commercial Aviation: Risks, Proliferation, Mitigation, and Cost of an Attack 2019

  Sean M. Zeigler, Alexander C. Hou, Jeffrey Martini, Daniel M. Norton, Brian Phillips, Michael Schwille, Aaron Strong, Nathan Vest

  This report provides a summary of the risks, proliferation, and costs of man-portable air defense system (MANPADS) attacks against commercial aviation targets, as well as mitigation options. The research is focused on the historical use of MANPADS against civilian aviation; the threat of MANPADS proliferation and nonstate groups' MANPADS use; the potential economic impacts of an overseas attack on civilian aircraft; and mitigation options.

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  The Department of Defense Posture for Artificial Intelligence: Assessment and Recommendations 2019

  Danielle C. Tarraf, William Shelton, Edward Parker, Brien Alkire, Diana Gehlhaus Carew, Justin Grana, Alexis Levedahl, Jasmin Leveille, Jared Mondschein, James Ryseff, et al.

  In this report, the authors assess the state of artificial intelligence (AI) relevant to DoD and address misconceptions about it; conduct an independent and introspective assessment of the Department of Defense's posture in AI; and put forth a set of recommendations for internal actions, external engagements, and potential legislative or regulatory actions that could enhance the Department of Defense posture in AI.

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  Envisioning a Comprehensive Peace Agreement for Afghanistan 2019

  Laurel E. Miller, Jonathan S. Blake

  Throughout years of halting attempts to negotiate an end to the war in Afghanistan, none of the conflict parties articulated more than the barest outlines of envisioned outcomes of talks. In this report, the authors paint a detailed picture of a plausible final comprehensive peace agreement for Afghanistan. The report includes options for and analysis of realistic compromises, presented in the form of a peace agreement text.

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  Availability of Family Violence Services for Military Service Members and Their Families 2019

  Coreen Farris, Margaret Tankard, Praise O. Iyiewuare, Lynn Rosenthal, Angela Clague, Laura L. Miller, Peter Glick, Katharine Sieck, Radha Iyengar Plumb

  The Department of Defense works to prevent and address child abuse or neglect (CAN) and domestic abuse (DA) through the Family Advocacy Program and other services. RAND conducted a study to review resources available to military-affiliated victims and perpetrators of CAN and DA, barriers to utilization, challenges faced by military providers working to prevent and respond to CAN and DA; and to provide recommendations to improve services.

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  Baselining Defense Acquisition 2019

  Philip S. Anton, Tim Conley, Irv Blickstein, Austin Lewis, William Shelton, Sarah Harting

  In support of U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) efforts to improve mission effectiveness and efficiency, this report identifies DoD government functions for procurement and acquisition, estimating their costs at between $29 billion and $38 billion. As a percentage of DoD contracting obligations, the program management portion of these costs have been about 1.5 percent, which is below industry benchmarks of 2 to 15 percent.

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  An Examination of the Methodology for Awarding Imminent Danger Pay and Hostile Fire Pay 2019

  Beth J. Asch, James V. Marrone, Michael G. Mattock

  To recognize the risks faced by service members in the line of duty, the U.S. Department of Defense offers special pays and benefits to eligible personnel. In this report, RAND researchers examine the methodology for awarding hostile fire pay and imminent danger pay and explore whether a different approach, such as one based on deployment or operations, might be more effective and efficient.

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  Evolving the Practice of Evaluating Research-Portfolios 2019

  Marjory S. Blumenthal, Jirka Taylor, Erin N. Leidy, Brent Anderson, Diana Gehlhaus Carew, John Bordeaux, Michael G. Shanley

  Researchers appraised metrics that medical research entities use to evaluate research portfolios. The work can help organizations select, develop, and revise metrics for their portfolios. This brief summarizes the findings and recommendations.

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  Research-Portfolio Performance Metrics: Rapid Review 2019

  Marjory S. Blumenthal, Jirka Taylor, Erin N. Leidy, Brent Anderson, Diana Gehlhaus Carew, John Bordeaux, Michael G. Shanley

  RAND Corporation researchers reviewed metrics for evaluating research portfolios used by medical research organizations and appraised their characteristics and trade-offs associated with their use. This report presents the results, categorized using a logic-model approach, to help organizations responsible for research portfolios to select, develop, and revise the metrics they use in their evaluations.

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  Gender Differences in Response to Alcohol Use Disorder Treatment: A Systematic Review 2019

  Sydne Newberry, Marika Booth, Carolyn M. Rutter, Eric Apaydin, Gina Karimi, Roberta M. Shanman, Aneesa Motala, Margaret A. Maglione, Susanne Hempel

  Men and women might respond differently to some treatments for alcohol use disorder. If so, this would be important to consider when selecting treatment. The purpose of this systematic review was to synthesize evidence for gender differences in effects of treatments. While researchers did not identify systematic differences across studies, a paucity of reporting on treatment effects according to gender hindered analysis.

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  Exploring the Role Nuclear Weapons Could Play in Deterring Russian Threats to the Baltic States 2019

  Paul K. Davis, J. Michael Gilmore, David R. Frelinger, Edward Geist, Christopher K. Gilmore, Jenny Oberholtzer, Danielle C. Tarraf

  Despite its global advantages, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)'s current deterrent posture in the Baltic states is militarily weak and generally questionable. A Russian invasion there would almost surely capture some or all of those states' capital cities within a few days, presenting NATO with a fait accompli. This report examines what role nonstrategic nuclear weapons could play in deterring such an invasion.

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  Improving U.S. Military Accession Medical Screening Systems 2019

  Maria C. Lytell, Kimberly Curry Hall, Nelson Lim

  The project team examined the systems used by two Department of Defense organizations — the U.S. Military Entrance Processing Command and the Department of Defense Medical Examination Review Board — to medically screen enlisted and officer applicants to the armed forces. The findings and a recommendation to combine the two systems into a hybrid are detailed in this report.

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  Leveraging Big Data Analytics to Improve Military Recruiting 2019

  Nelson Lim, Bruce R. Orvis, Kimberly Curry Hall

  The authors identified current and desired data-enabled practices in military outreach and recruiting processes. The authors then identified ways that the U.S. Department of Defense and the services might be able to further deploy data-driven outreach and recruiting strategies and barriers to doing so that need to be addressed. This report summarizes information collected from stakeholders, subject-matter experts, and the literature.

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  Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Blood Delivery: A UAV Fleet Design Tool and Case Study 2019

  Christopher K. Gilmore, Michael Chaykowsky, Brent Thomas

  Unmanned aerial vehicles, or UAVs, flown for medical resupply missions by the military can bring meaningful benefits to a blood supply network that is large and complex. The authors assess the utility and design of autonomous UAVs — specifically, small fixed-wing aircraft — and search for an optimal fleet design by examining payloads and cost models for two missions: logistical resupply and emergency delivery of blood.

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  Reflections on the Future of Warfare and Implications for Personnel Policies of the U.S. Department of Defense 2019

  John D. Winkler, Timothy Marler, Marek N. Posard, Raphael S. Cohen, Meagan L. Smith

  This Perspective summarizes and synthesizes material from "Department of Defense Personnel Policies to Address the Future of Warfare," a workshop that addressed how policies for managing military and civilian personnel in the U.S. Department of Defense may evolve to address future warfare environments, which are expected to be heavily influenced by advanced technologies.

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  Next-Generation Wargaming for the U.S. Marine Corps: Recommended Courses of Action 2019

  Yuna Huh Wong, Sebastian Joon Bae, Elizabeth M. Bartels, Benjamin Smith

  This report describes an evaluation of the utility of different wargaming tools as the U.S. Marine Corps invests in its wargaming capability and in building its next-generation wargaming concept. The authors have collected information on wargaming processes, facilities, and skill sets through research and interviews at various wargaming centers. They make recommendations for low-, medium-, and high-resourced courses of action.

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